Anti-Infective – Antitubercular
You're watching a preview. 300,000+ students are watching the full lesson.
Master
To Master a topic you must score > 80% on the lesson quiz.
Take Quiz
Included In This Lesson
NURSING.com students have a 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.
Outline
Overview
I. Overview
A. Mycobacterium
B. Tuberculosis (TB) infections
1. Pulmonary
2. Extrapulmonary
II. Mechanism of Action
A. Inhibit protein synthesis
B. Inhibit cell wall synthesis
III. Types (RIPES)
A. Rifampin
B. Isoniazid
C. Pyrazinamide
D. Ethambutol
E. Streptomycin
IV. Indications
A. Mycobacterium
B. Tuberculosis (TB) infections
1. Pulmonary
2. Extrapulmonary
3. TB treatment failures / relapses
V. Contraindications
A. Liver disease
B. Kidney disease
VI. Side Effects
A. CNS
1. Ototoxicity
2. Seizures
3. Visual disturbances
4. Dizziness
5. Headache
Kidney / Liver
1. Nephrotoxicity
2. Hepatoxicity
B. * Rifampin / Isoniazid
1. Red-orange-brown colored bodily secretion
2. Urine
3. Sweat
4. Tears
5. Sputum
Unlock the Complete Study System
Used by 300,000+ nursing students. 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.
- Full lesson outlines
- NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
- 6,500+ practice questions
- 2,000+ lesson videos
- 300+ cheatsheets
200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.
Transcript
Welcome back and today we are going to discuss antitubercular medications.
Antitubercular medications treat mycobacterium and TB infections which are pulmonary and extrapulmonary (kidney, spine or brain). With the most common location is pulmonary.
The mechanisms of actions are the inhibition of protein synthesis (which work in RNA/DNA replication – how bacteria communicate) and cell wall synthesis (which provide structural support). There are many drugs in this drug class but each drug performs one of these actions. So this drug class stop the bacteria from being able to replicate and function. Antitubercular medications treat mycobacterium and TB infections which are pulmonary and extrapulmonary (kidney, spine or brain). With the most common location is pulmonary.
Now, the types of drugs in the antitubercular section include the following. An easy way to remember these is the word RIPES – with the top two being rifampin and isoniazid. Years ago, I had a patient (who visited Florida from Africa) on rifampin and isoniazid who had HIV. TB is a common cause of death in this patient population who reside in Africa.
Now, the indications are two-fold mycobacterium and TB. Mycobacterium comes in many forms, focus only on the word “mycobacterium” and you will be fine. If you see mycobacterium, I want to immediately think antitubercular medications. And TB is again pulmonary or extrapulmonary (kidney, spine, brain). Now these drugs aren’t medications a patient is going to get for a few days. These drugs are usually given for 6-9 months on strict regimen and require strict monitoring for compliance. Please refer to the tuberculous lesson in the respiratory course for more details.
Contraindications are based in the drug’s excretion route (kidney and liver). If you have liver or kidney failure, you will not properly dispose of the drug. I had a patient with liver disease, who was administered rifampin, that drug lingered their system for days, causing all kinds of havoc. The side effect profiles are CNS and liver/kidney based. In the CNS, think ears, brain and eyes. And the drugs cause kidney and liver toxicity, which explains the contraindications mentioned earlier.
Contraindications are based in the drug’s excretion route (kidney and liver). If you have liver or kidney failure, you will not properly dispose of the drug. I had a patient with liver disease, who was administered rifampin, that drug lingered their system for days, causing all kinds of havoc. The side effect profiles are CNS and liver/kidney based. In the CNS, think ears, brain and eyes. And the drugs cause kidney and liver toxicity, which explains the contraindications mentioned earlier.
Alright, rifampin and isoniazid both have a unique side effect of red-orange-brown colored bodily secretions. I had a patient with orange sputum once, it’s something you will not forget and something you must educate your patients as a possible side effect or they will be in in the hospital freaking out! As, rightfully so.
Priority nursing concepts for a patient taking antitubercular medications include: infection control and pharmacology.
Antitubercular medications treat mycobacterium and TB infections – pulmonary and extrapulmonary (kidney, spine or brain). Any easy way to remember the types is RIPES, with Contraindications are based in the drug’s excretion route (kidney and liver). Side effects focus on ears, brain and eyes. And a special note is isoniazid / rifampin’s ability to turn your bodily fluids red-orange-brown.
Study Faster with Full Video Transcripts
99.25% NCLEX Pass Rate vs 88.8% National Average
- Full lesson outlines
- NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
- 6,500+ practice questions
- 2,000+ lesson videos
- 300+ cheatsheets
200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.
🎉 Special Offer 🎉
Nursing School Doesn't Have To Be So Hard
Go from discouraged and stressed to motivated and passionate
BASICS & MORE
Concepts Covered:
- Labor Complications
- Microbiology
- Respiratory Disorders
- Infectious Disease Disorders
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Cardiac Disorders
- Pregnancy Risks
- Basics of NCLEX
- Renal Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Respiratory Emergencies
- Studying
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Shock
- Immunological Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Perioperative Nursing Roles
- Test Taking Strategies
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Medication Administration
- Postoperative Nursing
- Preoperative Nursing
- Terminology
- EENT Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Adult
- Understanding Society
- Communication
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Lower GI Disorders
- Postpartum Complications
- Oncologic Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Basic
- Reproductive System
- Emotions and Motivation
- Prenatal Concepts
- Prioritization
- Neurological
- Psychological Emergencies
- Concepts of Mental Health
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Note Taking
- Respiratory System
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Labor and Delivery
- Statistics
- Personality Disorders
- Pediatric
- Neurological Emergencies
- Learning Pharmacology
- Concepts of Population Health
- Circulatory System
- Urinary Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Newborn Complications
- Documentation and Communication
- Legal and Ethical Issues
- Integumentary Disorders
- Tissues and Glands
- Community Health Overview
- Vascular Disorders
- Developmental Considerations
- Developmental Theories
- Depressive Disorders
- Factors Influencing Community Health
- Oncology Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Integumentary Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
Study Plan Lessons
Adult Vital Signs (VS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infection
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Vitals (VS) and Assessment
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pertussis / Whooping Cough
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Kidney Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anxiety
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
Adult Vital Signs (VS)
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Critical Thinking
Fluid Volume Overload
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Module Intro
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Therapeutic Management
Heart (Cardiac) Sound Locations and Auscultation
Heart (Heart) Failure Exacerbation
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Isotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Syphilis (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease (CKD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Time Management
Pleural Effusion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Syncope (Fainting)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Risk for Fall
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Kidney Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Activity Intolerance
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiogenic Shock
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Nursing Considerations
Disease Specific Medications
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Causes of Dyspnea Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 P’s)
Cataracts
Day in the Life of an Operating Room Nurse
Day in the Life of a Peds (Pediatric) Nurse
Formulating Nursing Diagnoses for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Intraoperative Nursing Priorities
Medication Reconciliation Review for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
NRSNG Live | So You Want to be a Surgical Nurse?
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Nutrition Assessments
Perioperative Nursing Roles
Perioperative Nursing Course Introduction
Postoperative (Postop) Complications
Post-Anesthesia Recovery
Preoperative (Preop) Nursing Priorities
Preoperative (Preop)Assessment
Preoperative (Preop) Education
Procedural Terminology
Sterile Field
Surgical Incisions & Drain Sites
Surgical Prep
Strabismus
Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)
Ventilator Settings
Intraoperative (Intraop) Complications
Informed Consent
General Anesthesia
Crash Cart
CRNA
Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS)
Dark Skin: IV Insertion
Flight Nurse
Finding Your First Nursing Job as a New Grad
Goal Setting
Head to Toe Nursing Assessment (Physical Exam)
ICU Nurse Report to Floor Nurses
ICU Nurse Report to OR (Operating)Team
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms (in Pediatrics) Nursing Mnemonic (FINES)
Hypovolemic Shock Case Study (OB sim) (60 min)
Intake and Output (I&O)
Introduction to Health Assessment
Interviewing for Nursing School
IV Drip Administration & Safety Checks
Isolation Precautions (MRSA, C. Difficile, Meningitis, Pertussis, Tuberculosis, Neutropenia)
Levels of Consciousness (LOC)
Lung Sounds
Life Support Review Course Introduction
Male Reproductive Anatomy (Anatomy and Physiology)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Menstrual Cycle
Moderate Sedation
Neuro Assessment
Neuro Terminology
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care Delivery Models
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abdominal Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infection
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infective Conjunctivitis / Pink Eye
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Influenza
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Risk for Fall
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Syncope (Fainting)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Suicidal Behavior Disorder
Nursing Care Plan for Macular Degeneration
Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma
OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)
NURSING.com Assessment & Skills Checks
Phases of Nurse-Client Relationship
Pharmacology Course Introduction
R – Real-Life
Questions To Ask Before Applying To A Nursing Program
Respiratory Structure & Function
Surgical Incisions & Drain Sites
Surgical Counts for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Test Taking Course Introduction
Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)
Tuberculosis (TB) Case Study (60 min)
Process of Labor – Mom Nursing Mnemonic (4 P’s)
Prealbumin (PAB) Lab Values
Pictures
Personality Disorders
Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)
Patients with Communication Difficulties
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Autism Spectrum Disorder
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Nutrition Imbalance
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glaucoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
NRSNG Live | How to Pass Any Nursing School Test
NRSNG Live | My Super Secret Note Taking Method
NRSNG Live | The S.O.C.K Method for Mastering Nursing Pharmacology and Never Forgetting a Medication Again
NRSNG Live | The Successful State of Mind
NRSNG Live | What Your Nursing Professors Want to Tell You But Can’t
Insulin Drips
How to Write a Nursing Care Plan
High-Risk Behaviors
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Therapeutic Management
Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses
Emergency Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (LEAN)
Drawing Blood from the IV
Drawing Pictures
Disease Specific Medications
Disasters & Bioterrorism
Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse
Day in the Life of an ICU (Intensive Care Unit) Nurse
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Communication of Patient Outcomes (Continuum of Care) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Common Pathogens for UTI Nursing Mnemonic (KEEPS)
Cognitive Impairment Disorders
Cataracts
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Cardiac Terminology
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac Anatomy
Cardiac (Heart) Physiology
Body System Assessments
Blood Flow Through The Heart
Blood Pressure (BP) Control
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Advocating For Your Patient
Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS)
3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 2 (Mobitz II)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 1 (Mobitz I, Wenckebach)
Documentation Basics
Trusting your Gut
Overview of the Nursing Process
Nursing Process – Diagnose
Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tuberculosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infection
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glaucoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Risk for Fall
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Syncope (Fainting)
Goal Setting
Hygiene
How to Write A Nursing Progress Note
How to Write a Nursing Care Plan
Health Promotion Assessments
Intraoperative Nursing Priorities
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
MSN (Masters) vs. DNP (Doctorate)
Nurse-Patient Relationship
Nursing Process – Plan
Nursing Process – Evaluate
Our Goals for Teaching
Nursing School Application Essay
Pain and Nonpharmacological Comfort Measures
Perioperative Nursing Roles
Phases of Nurse-Client Relationship
Preoperative (Preop) Nursing Priorities
Preoperative (Preop)Assessment
Program Planning
Purpose of Nursing Care Plans
Self Concept
Identifying Interventions per Nursing Diagnoses for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
Health Promotion Model
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Continuity of Care
Community Health Education
Communicating with Other Nurses
Depression Concept Map
Disease Specific Medications
Advocating For Your Patient
Access to Care
Breast Cancer Concept Map
Intro to Community Health
Depression Concept Map
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Concept Map Course Introduction
Head to Toe Nursing Assessment (Physical Exam)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Program Planning
Sepsis Concept Map
Stroke Concept Map
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Drawing Pictures
Body System Assessments
Bowel Obstruction Concept Map
Blood Pressure (BP) Control
Asthma Concept Map
Aneurysm & Dissection
Amputation Concept Map
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Tuberculosis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Tuberculosis (TB) Case Study (60 min)
TB Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (RIPE)
Respiratory Infections Module Intro
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tuberculosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Tuberculosis (TB)
Isolation Precautions (MRSA, C. Difficile, Meningitis, Pertussis, Tuberculosis, Neutropenia)
Isolation Precaution Types (PPE)
Communicable Diseases
Anti-Infective – Antitubercular
Airborne Precaution Diseases Nursing Mnemonic (MTV)
Casting & Splinting
Care of Vulnerable Populations
Complications of Immobility
Head to Toe Nursing Assessment (Physical Exam)
Mechanical Aids
Mobility & Assistive Devices
Musculoskeletal Terminology
Introduction to Health Assessment
Fractures
Preload and Afterload
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map