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Kaiser Ann Pajulas, USRN
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Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome

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Nichole Weaver
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Included In This Lesson

Study Tools
Outline
ADPIE Related Lessons
Transcript
Additional Lessons

Study Tools For Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome

Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome (Mnemonic)
Nephrotic Syndrome Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
Abdominal Pain – Assessment (Cheatsheet)
Pitting Edema (Image)
Facial Edema in Nephrotic Syndrome (Image)
Nephrotic Syndrome (Picmonic)
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Outline


Overview

  1. Kidney disease characterized by loss of protein from plasma into the urine

Pathophysiology

 

Injury to the glomerular basement membrane increases the permeability. This increase in permeability allows for proteins to move across the membrane and results in proteinuria (protein loss in urine). The loss of albumin causes retention of sodium which causes edema and ascites. (Remember water fallows salt/sodium)

Nursing Points

General

  1. Causes – Anything that can cause damage to the glomeruli in the kidneys
    1. Diabetes Mellitus
    2. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
    3. Glomerulonephritis
  2. Patho
    1. Plasma proteins leak into the urine
    2. Decreased protein levels in blood
    3. Decreased oncotic pressure in vessels
      1. Fluid shift → massive edema

Assessment

  1. Severe peripheral edema
  2. Weight gain due to volume overload
  3. Renal failure symptoms
    1. Decreased urine output
    2. Proteinuria
  4. Hypoalbuminemia
  5. Fatigue
  6. Amenorrhea – lack of menstruation in females
  7. Positive renal biopsy

Therapeutic Management

  1. Goal = reduce urinary protein excretion, reduce edema, minimize further complications
  2. Identify and treat cause
  3. Dietary Changes
    1. ↓ Na in diet
      1. Caution – salt substitutes contain potassium chloride
    2. Balanced protein (MAX 1 g protein/kg/day)
  4. Diuretics
  5. Bed rest
  6. Monitor immunologic function

Nursing Concepts

  1. Fluid & Electrolytes
    1. Daily weights
    2. Strict I&O
    3. Monitor and replace electrolytes as needed
    4. Administer Diuretics
  2. Immunology / Infection Control
    1. May have been initial cause
    2. Assess for s/s infection
    3. Monitor CBC
    4. Hand Hygiene
  3. Elimination
    1. Develop potty plan with diuretics
    2. Provide adequate peri care as needed
    3. Monitor urine output

Patient Education

  1. Balanced protein levels in diet
  2. Sodium restriction in diet
  3. Comfort and positioning measures to reduce edema
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Transcript

In this lesson we’re going to talk about Nephrotic Syndrome. This is a condition that affects the nephron in the kidneys – if you remember from anatomy, the nephron is the functional unit of the kidneys. This is where the kidneys do their major work – so if it’s not working properly, a lot can go wrong.

So nephrotic syndrome is a disease of the kidneys that is specifically characterized by a loss of proteins into the urine. Normally proteins are too large to escape the capillaries in the glomerulus. But we’ll look in a second how the proteins are able to escape into the urine. So that leads to proteinuria (or protein in the urine) and hypoalbuminemia (or a decreased protein level in the bloodstream). That decreased protein level in the bloodstream leads to massive edema. You can see this is a nephrotic syndrome who is having severe facial edema. Now, anything that can cause damage to the glomerulus can lead to nephrotic syndrome. This includes diabetes, remember it’s very hard on the vessels, or lupus – that autoimmune inflammatory response can cause a lot of damage to the kidneys, and of course glomerulonephritis can cause damage to the glomerulus. We’ll look at that closer in its own lesson.

So let’s quickly explore why this loss of protein into the urine leads to edema. Remember we have something called Oncotic Pressure. Oncotic pressure is controlled by proteins. I remember it this way: “Protein Pulls”. So when we have protein in the blood stream, it pulls fluid and holds it inside. It’s like a magnet. When the patient has nephrotic syndrome, they will dump the protein into the urine, but other kidney mechanisms like diffusion will keep the water in the system. So now we’ve lost protein into the urine, so we no longer have protein here in the vessels, but we still have all this fluid. If there’s no protein in here to be that magnet and hold onto the fluid, then the fluid begins to leak out of the capillaries into the tissues. The less protein in here, the more fluid will leak out.

So what will we see? Well more than anything we’re going to see severe edema. This is usually peripheral edema like in the legs like you see here, it could also be in the arms, around the abdomen, and like you saw previously they could have facial edema as well. But, since the blood vessels don’t discriminate, we can also see significant pulmonary edema. So we’ll hear crackles and the patient could be short of breath. We’ll also see weight gain because of this extra fluid and other signs of renal failure like azotemia and electrolyte abnormalities. Patients will be fatigued from all of this, as you can imagine. Females, especially younger girls, may experience amenorrhea as a result of this protein and fluid shift. And finally, we’ll see a positive renal biopsy.

Now, our goal for these patients is to reduce the amount of protein excreted in the urine and reduce the load of edema in the patient’s system. We also want to minimize any further complications like respiratory distress from the pulmonary edema or permanent kidney damage. So the first thing we want to do is identify and treat the cause. Especially if it’s an infectious source, we can reverse that and prevent significant renal damage. We’ll put the patient on a low sodium diet to prevent any further fluid. The sodium water balance in the system is the only thing keeping this thing from spiraling out of control. Now we used to put these patients on a high protein diet, but the evidence shows we just want to make sure it’s balanced and that they’re getting sufficient protein. So we look for a protein intake of 1g of protein per kg of body weight per day. Sometimes we’ll administer IV albumin if they’re acutely ill, but for the most part, we just want to make sure they’re not eating a LOW protein diet. And then, we’ll give diuretics to get this fluid out of their system and especially off their lungs so relieve these symptoms.

So our top priority concepts for patients with nephrotic syndrome are, obviously, fluid & electrolytes, and elimination, but also immunology. We know that some sort of infection or immune process or possibly even diabetes is causing this protein shift so we want to assess for infection and monitor that situation. Make sure you check out the care plan attached to this lesson to see more detailed nursing interventions and rationales.

So, let’s recap. Nephrotic syndrome is a condition of damage in the kidneys characterized by a loss of protein into the urine. That loss of protein in the bloodstream causes fluid to leak out of the vessels causing massive edema in the body. We want to treat the cause and give diuretics. We also want them to make sure they’re getting enough protein in their diet. Our goal is to stop the protein loss, get the fluid off, and prevent any further complications like respiratory distress or permanent kidney damage.

So that’s it for Nephrotic Syndrome, make sure you check out the resources attached to this lesson to learn more! Now, go out and be your best selves today. And, as always, Happy Nursing!

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Kaiser Ann Pajulas, USRN

Concepts Covered:

  • Basics of Sociology
  • Statistics
  • Communication
  • Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Cardiac Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
  • Medication Administration
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders
  • Pregnancy Risks
  • Labor Complications
  • Factors Influencing Community Health
  • Respiratory Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
  • EENT Disorders
  • Newborn Complications
  • Documentation and Communication
  • Preoperative Nursing
  • Legal and Ethical Issues
  • Adult
  • Substance Abuse Disorders
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Trauma
  • Intraoperative Nursing
  • Microbiology
  • Disorders of Pancreas
  • Oncology Disorders
  • Anxiety Disorders
  • Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
  • Personality Disorders
  • Basics of NCLEX
  • Studying
  • Newborn Care
  • Basics of Mathematics
  • Note Taking
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
  • Respiratory Emergencies
  • Developmental Considerations
  • Digestive System
  • Lower GI Disorders
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
  • Postpartum Care
  • Basic
  • Infectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Eating Disorders
  • Circulatory System
  • Cardiovascular Disorders
  • Test Taking Strategies
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • EENT Disorders
  • Postoperative Nursing
  • Neurological Emergencies
  • Cognitive Disorders
  • Concepts of Population Health
  • Community Health Overview
  • Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Delegation
  • Depressive Disorders
  • Terminology
  • Postpartum Complications
  • Vascular Disorders
  • Nervous System
  • Upper GI Disorders
  • Renal and Urinary Disorders
  • Developmental Theories
  • Fetal Development
  • Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
  • Prenatal Concepts
  • Trauma-Stress Disorders
  • Psychological Emergencies
  • Adulthood Growth and Development
  • Childhood Growth and Development
  • Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
  • Renal Disorders
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
  • Tissues and Glands
  • Disorders of Thermoregulation
  • Urinary Disorders
  • Urinary System
  • Shock
  • Labor and Delivery
  • Oncologic Disorders
  • Emotions and Motivation
  • Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
  • Bipolar Disorders
  • Infectious Disease Disorders
  • Immunological Disorders
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
  • Male Reproductive Disorders
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
  • Female Reproductive Disorders
  • Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
  • Prioritization
  • Somatoform Disorders
  • Pediatric
  • Perioperative Nursing Roles
  • Concepts of Pharmacology
  • Psychotic Disorders
  • Concepts of Mental Health
  • Neurological Trauma
  • Health & Stress
  • Respiratory System

Study Plan Lessons

Lab Panels – The Basics and What YOU Need to Know 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Fundamentals Course Introduction
Legal & Ethical Issues in ER
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 1 (Mobitz I, Wenckebach)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 2 (Mobitz II)
3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
6 Rights of Medication Administration
Abdomen (Abdominal) Assessment
Abortion in Nursing: Spontaneous, Induced, and Missed
Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)
Abuse
Access to Care
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Acute Bronchitis
Acute Confusion
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Addicted Newborn
Admissions, Discharges, and Transfers
Advance Directives
Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS)
Aggressive & Violent Patients
Airway Suctioning
Albumin Lab Values
Alcohol Withdrawal (Addiction)
Alkylating Agents
Alveoli & Atelectasis
Ammonia (NH3) Lab Values
Amputation
Amputation Concept Map
Anemia in Pregnancy
Anesthetic Agents
Aneurysm & Dissection
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Antepartum Testing
Anti Tumor Antibiotics
Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides
Anti-Infective – Antifungals
Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Antidiabetic Agents
Antimetabolites
Antineoplastics
Anxiety
Appendicitis
Applying for Jobs
Artificial Airways
Asthma
Asthma Concept Map
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Atypical Antipsychotics
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Avoiding Alarm Fatigue
Babies by Term
Barriers to Health Assessment
Base Excess & Deficit
Basic Operations
Be a Mix Tape (Rewind and Fast-Forward)
Bed Bath
Benzodiazepines
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy
Bladder Cancer
Blood Cultures
Blood Transfusions (Administration)
Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Blunt Chest Trauma
Blunt Thoracic Trauma
Body Image Changes Throughout Development
Body System Assessments
Bone Cancer (Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Ewing Sarcoma)
Bowel Elimination
Bowel Obstruction Concept Map
Brain Death v. Comatose
Brain Tumors
Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Concept Map
Breastfeeding
Brief CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) Overview
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Bronchoscopy
Burn Injuries
Burn Injuries
C – Content
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium-Ca (Hypercalcemia, Hypocalcemia)
Calculating Heart Rate
Can You Draw It
Cardiac (Heart) Enzymes
Cardiac Anatomy
Cardiac Glycosides
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Cardiovascular Angiography
Care Plan Review (Addresses Patient Considerations) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Casting & Splinting
Cataracts
Central Line Dressing Change
Cerebral Angiography
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Cervical Cancer
Chemotherapy Patients
Chest Tube Management
Chloride-Cl (Hyperchloremia, Hypochloremia)
Cholesterol (Chol) Lab Values
Cleft Lip and Palate
Clubfoot
Cognitive Impairment Disorders
Communicating With Other nurses
Communicating With Pharmacy, RT, OT, PT
Communicating With Providers
Community Aggregates
Community Health Course Introduction
Community Health Nursing Theories
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Conjunctivitis
Connections
Constipation and Encopresis (Incontinence)
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT, dialysis)
COPD Concept Map
Coronary Artery Disease Concept Map
Corticosteroids
Crash Cart
Critical Incident Management
Critical Thinking
CRNA
Crush Injuries
CT & MR Angiography
Cultural Awareness and Influences on Development
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Daily Charting
Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse
Day in the Life of a Med-surg Nurse
Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse
Day in the Life of a Postpartum Nurse
Day in the Life of an Operating Room Nurse
Decimals & Percentages
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Degree Restrictions in Career Growth
Delegation
Depression
Depression Concept Map
Developmental Considerations for the Hospitalized Individual
Diabetes Management
Different Dressings
Digestive Terminology
Diploma vs ADN vs BSN vs Bridge
Discharge (DC) Teaching After Surgery
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Dissociative Disorders
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Documentation Basics
Drawing Blood
Drawing Pictures
Dysrhythmia Emergencies
Dysrhythmias Labs
Eating Disorders (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa)
Echocardiogram (Cardiac Echo)
Ectopic Pregnancy
EENT Assessment
EENT Medications
EKG (ECG) Waveforms
Electromyography (EMG)
EMTALA & Transfers
Endoscopy & EGD
Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition (Diet, TPN)
Environmental and Genetic Influences on Growth & Development
Environmental Health
Epiglottitis
Epispadias and Hypospadias
Epoetin Alfa
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Fall and Injury Prevention
Family Structure and Impact on Development
Fertilization and Implantation
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Fetal Development
Fetal Environment
Fetal Heart Monitoring (FHM)
Fever
Fluid Shifts (Ascites) (Pleural Effusion)
Forensic Nurse
Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses
Gastritis
Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleed Concept Map
General Anesthesia
General Assessment (Physical assessment)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Genitourinary (GU) Assessment
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Gestational HTN (Hypertension)
Glaucoma
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Gravidity and Parity (G&Ps, GTPAL)
Grief and Loss
Grief and Loss
Growth & Development – Toddlers
Growth & Development – Early Adulthood
Growth & Development – Infants
Growth & Development – Late Adulthood
Growth & Development – Middle Adulthood
Growth & Development – School Age- Adolescent
Growth & Development – Toddlers
Growth & Development -Transitioning to Adult Care
Growth and Development – Prenatal
Handling Job Rejection
Handoff Report
Hanging an IV Piggyback
Head Trauma & Traumatic Brain Injury
Head/Neck Assessment
Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
Health Promotion Assessments
Heart (Cardiac) and Great Vessels Assessment
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hemodialysis (Renal Dialysis)
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hemophilia
Hiatal Hernia
HIPAA
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
How to Write a Nursing Care Plan
Human Growth & Development Course Introduction
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar pregnancy)
Hydrocephalus
Hygiene
Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar Non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
Hypertensive Emergency
Hyperthermia (Thermoregulation)
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypothermia (Thermoregulation)
IM Injections
Impetigo
Infections in Pregnancy
Initial Care of the Newborn (APGAR)
Inserting a Foley (Urinary Catheter) – Female
Inserting a Foley (Urinary Catheter) – Male
Inserting an NG (Nasogastric) Tube
Insulin
Insulin Drips
Intake and Output (I&O)
Integumentary (Skin) Assessment
Interventional Radiology
Intracranial Hemorrhage
Intraoperative Positioning
Introduction to CCMM
Intubation in the OR
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Isolation Precaution Types (PPE)
IV Push Medications
Kidney Cancer
Lab Panels
Lactic Acid
Legal & Ethical Issues in ER
Legalities of Charting
Leopold Maneuvers
Leukemia
Leukemia
Levels of Consciousness (LOC)
Linen Change
Liver Cancer
Liver Function Tests
Local Anesthesia
Lung Cancer
Lung Sounds
Lymphatic Assessment
Lymphoma
Macular Degeneration
Magnesium Sulfate
Magnesium Sulfate
Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
MAOIs
Marfan Syndrome
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Mastitis
Maternal Risk Factors
Mechanical Aids
Mechanisms of Labor
Meconium Aspiration
Medications in Ampules
Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Meds for PPH (postpartum hemorrhage)
Melanoma
Menstrual Cycle
Metabolic Alkalosis
Miscellaneous Nerve Disorders
Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects
Mobility & Assistive Devices
Moderate Sedation
Mood Disorders (Bipolar)
Multiple Myeloma
Mumps
Musculoskeletal Assessment
Nasal Disorders
Nephroblastoma
Nephrotic Syndrome
Neuro Assessment
Newborn Physical Exam
Newborn Reflexes
NG (Nasogastric)Tube Management
NG Tube Med Administration (Nasogastric)
NG Tube Medication Administration
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Nuclear Medicine
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Appendicitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Chlamydia (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cholecystitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cirrhosis (Liver Disease, Hepatic encephalopathy, Portal Hypertension, Esophageal Varices)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Crohn’s Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Distributive Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Diverticulosis – Diverticulitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Gonorrhea (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Gout
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hemorrhoids
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Simplex (HSV, STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hyperparathyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypothyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Influenza (Flu)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Male Infertility
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Myasthenia Gravis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Osteomyelitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pancreatitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Parkinsons
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pneumothorax & Hemothorax
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Embolism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rhabdomyolysis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Scleroderma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Seizure
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sepsis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Syphilis (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Testicular Torsion
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Tuberculosis (TB)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney (Renal) Injury (AKI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease (CKD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nursing Care Delivery Models
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Miscarriage
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abruptio Placentae / Placental abruption
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anxiety
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Appendicitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glaucoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hepatitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Influenza
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Maternal-Fetal Dyad Using GTPAL
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neonatal Jaundice | Hyperbilirubinemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neural Tube Defect, Spina Bifida
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pediculosis Capitis / Head Lice
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pericarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pneumonia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skull Fractures
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Autism Spectrum Disorder
Nursing Process – Assess
Nursing Process – Diagnose
Nursing Process – Evaluate
Nutrition (Diet) in Disease
Nutrition Assessments
Nutrition in Pregnancy
Obstetrical Procedures
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Omphalocele
Oncology Important Points
Opioid Analgesics
Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy
Order of Lab Draws
Osteosarcoma
Outline Question Method (Note taking)
Ovarian Cancer
Pain and Nonpharmacological Comfort Measures
Paranoid Disorders
Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Patient Positioning
Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Dysfunction – Diarrhea
Pediatric Oncology Basics
Pediculosis Capitis
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma
Penetrating Thoracic Trauma
Perioperative Nursing Roles
Peripheral Vascular Assessment
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Personality Disorders
Pertussis – Whooping Cough
Pharmacology Course Introduction
Phenylketonuria
Phosphorus-Phos
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
Pill Crushing & Cutting
Pituitary Adenoma
Placenta Previa
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pneumonia
Postpartum Discomforts
Postpartum Hematoma
Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Postpartum Physiological Maternal Changes
Potassium-K (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia)
PPE Donning & Doffing
Practice Settings
Precipitous Labor
Preeclampsia: Signs, Symptoms, Nursing Care, and Magnesium Sulfate
Preoperative (Preop) Nursing Priorities
Preoperative (Preop)Assessment
Pressure Line Management
Pressure Ulcers/Pressure injuries (Braden scale)
Preterm Labor
Prioritization
Prioritizing Assessments
Procedural Terminology
Process of Labor
Prostaglandins
Prostaglandins in Pregnancy
Provider Phone Calls
Psychiatry Terminology
Pulmonary Function Test
R – Real-Life
Radiation Cancer Treatment
Real-Life Experiences
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Renal (Kidney) Failure Labs
Reproductive Terminology
Resources for Lesson Creation
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Respiratory Alkalosis
Restraints
Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Rh Immune Globulin (Rhogam)
Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy
Routine Neuro Assessments
Rubeola – Measles
Safety Checks
SBAR Communication
Schizophrenia
Scoliosis
Seizure Management in the ER
Selecting THE vein
Self Concept
Sensory Terminology
Sepsis Concept Map
Shift change and Patient handoff
Sickle Cell Anemia
Signs of Pregnancy (Presumptive, Probable, Positive)
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia
Sodium-Na (Hypernatremia, Hyponatremia)
Somatoform
Spiking & Priming IV Bags
Spina Bifida – Neural Tube Defect (NTD)
Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal Precautions & Log Rolling
Start and End with the Linchpin
Sterile Gloves
Stoma Care (Colostomy bag)
Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer)
Stress and Crisis
Stroke (CVA) Management in the ER
Stroke Concept Map
Stroke Nursing Care (CVA)
Subinvolution
SubQ Injections
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Suicidal Behavior
Surgical Incisions & Drain Sites
Surgical Prep
Surgical Wound Classification Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Tenet 2 Linchpins & Connections
Tenet 3 Why Behind the What
Tenet 4 Learner-Centered Talkabouts
Tension and Cluster Headaches
Testicular Cancer
The 5-Minute Assessment (Physical assessment)
The EKG (ECG) Graph
The Medical Team
Thinking Like a Nurse
Thoracentesis
Thorax and Lungs Assessment
Threatened/Spontaneous Abortion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Thrombocytopenia
Thyroid Cancer
Time Management
Tocolytics
Tocolytics
Tonsillitis
Topical Medications
Total Bilirubin (T. Billi) Lab Values
Trach Care
Trach Suctioning
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
Transition To Practice
Transition to Practice Course Introduction
Trauma Survey
Triage in the ER
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Types of Exercise
Types of Schizophrenia
Umbilical Hernia
Urinary Elimination
Using Aseptic Technique
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
Varicella – Chickenpox
Varicocele
Venous Disorders (Chronic venous insufficiency, Deep venous thrombosis/DVT)
Vent Alarms
Vitals (VS) and Assessment
Vomiting
What Guides Nurses Practice
What is CCMM?
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
Working night shift
Working with a Preceptor
Wound Care – Assessment
Wound Care – Dressing Change
Wound Care – Selecting a Dressing
Wound Care – Wound Drains