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Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

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Included In This Lesson

Study Tools
Outline
Nursing Diagnosis
Transcript
Additional Lessons

Study Tools For Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Diabetes Assessment (Picmonic)
Diabetes Education (Picmonic)
Diabetes Interventions (Picmonic)
Diabetes Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
DKA Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
Example Care Plan_Diabetes Mellitus (Cheatsheet)
Blank Nursing Care Plan_CS (Cheatsheet)
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Outline

Overview of Nursing Care Plan for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

 

  • What is Diabetes Mellitus?
    • It’s a health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy.
  • How Does the Body Normally Work?
      • Normally, when you eat, your body turns food, especially carbohydrates (like bread, pasta, and sugar), into a sugar called glucose.
      • This glucose goes into your blood. Your body needs this sugar for energy.
      • To use this sugar, your body needs a hormone called insulin, made by the pancreas. Insulin is like a key that opens your cells so they can use the sugar.
  • What Happens in Diabetes?
      • In diabetes, your body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use it well.
      • So, the sugar stays in your blood and doesn’t get into your cells as well as it should. This is why people with diabetes have high blood sugar levels.
  • Types of Diabetes:
      • Type 1 Diabetes: The body doesn’t make insulin. People with Type 1 need to take insulin every day.
      • Type 2 Diabetes: The body doesn’t make or use insulin well. It’s more common and can sometimes be managed with diet, exercise, and medication.
  • Why is Managing Diabetes Important?
      • Over time, high blood sugar can cause problems with your heart, eyes, kidneys, nerves, and other parts of your body.
      • Managing diabetes by controlling blood sugar levels is crucial to prevent these complications.
  • Living with Diabetes:
    • People with diabetes need to monitor their blood sugar, eat healthily, exercise, and sometimes take medication or insulin.
    • With proper management, people with diabetes can live a healthy life.

Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM):

 

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulation of blood glucose levels, resulting from inadequate insulin production or impaired cellular response to insulin.

 

Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune process that leads to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing an absolute insulin deficiency.

 

Type 2 Diabetes involves insulin resistance, where cells fail to respond effectively to insulin, and a relative insulin deficiency due to reduced secretion. Insulin is a key hormone responsible for facilitating glucose uptake by cells, particularly in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue.

 

In the absence of proper insulin action, elevated blood glucose levels occur, leading to hyperglycemia. Prolonged hyperglycemia contributes to microvascular and macrovascular complications, affecting organs such as the kidneys, eyes, nerves, and cardiovascular system. Understanding the complex interplay of insulin dysfunction, glucose dysregulation, and the resultant complications is crucial for formulating effective nursing interventions to manage and mitigate the impact of Diabetes Mellitus on overall health.

Etiology

 

The etiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors.

 

In Type 1 Diabetes, a genetic predisposition combined with environmental triggers, like viral infections from enterovirus, prompt an autoimmune response. This response leads to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, resulting in a significant decrease or complete absence of insulin production.

 

Type 2 Diabetes, on the other hand, is strongly linked to genetic factors, family history, and ethnicity. Lifestyle factors such as sedentary behavior, unhealthy dietary patterns, and obesity contribute to insulin resistance and the subsequent inability of cells to effectively utilize insulin. Other risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes include aging, gestational diabetes during pregnancy, and certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Understanding the diverse etiological factors aids in tailoring nursing interventions to manage and prevent the progression of Diabetes Mellitus.

 

Desired Outcome

 

  • Main Goal for Diabetes Mellitus Care:
    • To keep blood sugar levels just right and prevent health problems.
  • Key Objectives:
    • Blood Sugar Control: Keep blood sugar levels in a safe range set by the healthcare team.
    • Prevent Complications: Avoid problems like kidney, eye, nerve issues, and heart disease.
  • Healthy Lifestyle Focus:
    • Exercise: Regular physical activity is important.
    • Balanced Diet: Eat healthy to help the body use insulin better.
    • Weight Management: Keeping a healthy weight helps with blood sugar control.
  • Patient Education:
    • Learn how to manage diabetes day-to-day.
    • Understand medications and when to take them.
    • Know the signs of low (hypo) or high (hyper) blood sugar.
  • Regular Check-Ups:
    • Keep track of blood sugar, cholesterol, and other important health numbers.
  • Overall Aim:
    • Help people with Diabetes Mellitus live well, manage their condition effectively, and reduce the risk of health problems related to diabetes.

 

Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plan

Subjective Data:

  • Hyperglycemia: BG >180 mg/dL
  • Polydipsia
  • Polyphagia
  • Polyuria
  • Blurred vision
  • Dry mouth
  • Increased tiredness
  • Leg pain
  • Nausea/Vomiting

Hypoglycemia: <70 mg/dL

  • Confusion
  • Weakness
  • Numbness around the mouth
  • Nervousness/Anxiety
  • Hungry
  • Headaches
  • Nightmares
  • Groggy

Objective Data:

Hyperglycemia:

  • -Hot and Dry, Sugar High.

Hypoglycemia:

  • -Cold and clammy give them some candy!
  • Sweaty
  • Tachycardia
  • Irritability
  • Slurring words

Nursing Assessment for Diabetes Mellitus (DM):

 

Regular and thorough assessment is crucial for tailoring the nursing care plan to the individual needs of the patient with Diabetes Mellitus. Ongoing monitoring and collaboration with the healthcare team contribute to the effective management and prevention of complications associated with diabetes.

 

  1. Medical History:
    1. Obtain a comprehensive medical history, including the type and duration of diabetes, previous treatments, and any history of diabetic complications. Explore family history to assess genetic predisposition.
  2. Symptom Assessment:
    1. Evaluate the presence and severity of diabetes-related symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue, neuropathy, and vision changes.
  3. Blood Glucose Monitoring:
    1. Monitor blood glucose levels regularly. Consider monitoring while the patient is fasting, postprandial (after meals), and tracking HbA1c values. Assess trends and patterns to guide adjustments to the treatment plan.
  4. Medication Review:
    1. Review the patient’s current medications, including insulin or oral antidiabetic agents. Evaluate adherence, potential side effects, and any difficulties with medication administration.
  5. Lifestyle Factors:
    1. Assess the patient’s lifestyle, including dietary habits, physical activity, and stress levels. Identify factors that may contribute to blood glucose fluctuations.
  6. Nutritional Assessment:
    1. Collaborate with a dietitian to assess the patient’s dietary intake, preferences, and adherence to prescribed nutritional guidelines. Address any challenges in maintaining a balanced diet.
  7. Weight and BMI:
    1. Measure the patient’s weight and calculate body mass index (BMI). Discuss weight management goals and strategies to achieve or maintain a healthy weight.
  8. Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile:
    1. Monitor blood pressure regularly to assess cardiovascular risk. Evaluate lipid profiles to identify dyslipidemia, a common comorbidity in individuals with diabetes.
  9. Foot Assessment:
    1. Perform a foot assessment to identify any signs of neuropathy, vascular compromise, or foot ulcers. Emphasize the importance of foot and nail care and regular podiatric evaluations.
  10. Eye Examination:
    1. Schedule regular eye examinations to assess for diabetic retinopathy. Collaborate with ophthalmologists to address any vision-related concerns.
  11. Renal Function:
    1. Monitor renal function through regular assessments of serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine microalbumin levels to detect early signs of diabetic nephropathy.
  12. Psychosocial Assessment:
    1. Evaluate the patient’s psychosocial well-being, addressing potential stressors, mental health concerns, and the impact of diabetes on the individual’s quality of life.
  13. Patient Education Needs:
    1. Identify gaps in the patient’s knowledge about diabetes self-management, including insulin administration, blood glucose monitoring, dietary choices, and the recognition of hypo- or hyperglycemic symptoms.

Nursing Interventions and Rationales

 

Blood sugar monitoring: Normal range 70-100 mg/dL *The patient may have a different target blood sugar level, make sure to know what each patient’s target is.
  • The physician will make a target blood glucose level. Teach the patient that they need to monitor their blood glucose. They need to call their primary care physician if they have blood glucose levels higher than their target for multiple days or if they have 2 readings of greater than 300 mg/dL.
  • Teach the patient how to use their glucometer and record their results.

 

 
Insulin administration

  • Rapid Acting:
    • Insulin apart – NovoLog
    • Insulin glulisine – Apidra
    • Insulin lispro – Humalog
  • Fast/short Acting:
    • Regular – Humulin R
    • Regular – Novolin R
  • Intermediate Acting:
    • NPH – Humulin N
    • NPH – Novolin N
  • Long-Acting:
    • Lantus Levemir
    • Glargine – Lantus
  • It is important to know which insulin to give and how they work. Each institution has guidelines and each insulin has guidelines. Following the guidelines, make sure you know the onset, peak, and duration of each type of insulin.
    • Rapid Acting
      Onset: 15 minutes
      Peak: 30-90 minutes
      Duration: 3-5 hours
    • Fast/short Acting
      Onset: 30-60 minutes
      Peak: 2-4 hours
      Duration: 5-8 hours
    • Intermediate Acting
      Onset:1-2 hours
      Peak: 6-14 hours
      Duration: 16-24 hrs.
    • Long-Acting
      Onset:3-4 hours
      Peak: 6-8 hrs.
      Duration: Up to 24 hours
  • To administer insulin, teach the patient to rotate injection sites and to clean the site with alcohol before inserting the needle.

 

 

Educate about nutritional changes and monitoring
  • This would be a good time to get the dietician involved. The patient needs to learn at a minimum, how to count carbs and which foods to avoid such as beer.
  • A patient’s glucose should be checked once when the patient wakes up, before meals, and before going to bed.
  • If the patient is hypoglycemic, and they can eat or drink, give them some OJ and graham crackers with peanut butter.
  • Increase water intake if the patient has hyperglycemia

 
Monitor feet and educate about monitoring feet
  • Both decreased blood flow to the feet, as well as neuropathy, occur to make the feet something the patient needs to watch. Wounds are hard to heal so if they are having a hard time feeling their feet and they become injured, the wounds will be worse than with someone without diabetes.
  • Teach the patient to check their feet every day. Washing their feet, cutting their toenails straight across, and scrubbing off calluses gently are a couple of points to make with the patient.
  • The patient may have a podiatrist involved in their care as well.
  • As a nurse, you will need to be checking the patient’s feet as well and monitor any wounds.

 

Educate about maintaining a healthy weight and keeping active
  • With a healthy weight, the patient is likely also implementing a healthy diet as well as implementing more movement. These three things (weight, diet, exercise) can help to manage or even reverse diabetes.
  • Healthy weights are calculated based on the height and sex of the patient. Other ways to monitor the size of the patient is to use a BMI calculator or measure waist circumference.

 

Implementation for Diabetes Mellitus (DM):

 

Implementation involves translating the diabetes care plan into actionable steps tailored to each patient’s needs. Through continuous education, monitoring, and collaboration, the implementation plan aims to empower individuals with Diabetes Mellitus to actively manage their condition and enhance their overall well-being.

 

  1. Blood Sugar Monitoring:
    1. Implement regular blood glucose monitoring, considering individualized target levels for each patient. Utilize a glucometer to assess fasting, postprandial, and blood glucose levels before bed. HbA1c values should be drawn at regular intervals along with recommendations from the patient’s physician and require a blood draw. Educate patients on the importance of consistent monitoring and understanding their unique and personal target blood glucose range.
  2. Insulin Administration:
    1. Administer insulin as prescribed, recognizing the various types and actions:
      1. Rapid-Acting: Insulin lispro (Humalog), Insulin aspart (Novolog)
      2. Fast/Short-Acting: Regular (Humulin R and Novolin R)
      3. Intermediate Action: NPH (Humulin N and Novolin N)
      4. Long-Acting: Glargine (Lantus), Detemir (Levemir)
    2. Ensure patients comprehend proper injection techniques like rotating injection sites, skin prep, and timing.
  3. Nutritional Education:
    1. Provide individualized nutritional education, emphasizing dietary changes tailored to the patient’s preferences, cultural background, and lifestyle. Discuss portion control, carbohydrate counting, and the impact of food choices on blood glucose levels.
  4. Foot Monitoring:
    1. Instruct patients on the importance of regular foot monitoring to identify early signs of neuropathy or circulatory issues, and checking for wounds or infection. Emphasize proper foot care practices, including daily inspections, wearing comfortable shoes, and seeking prompt medical attention for any foot or toenail abnormalities.
  5. Blood Pressure Management:
    1. Monitor blood pressure regularly, aiming for a target of 120/80 mmHg or as per individualized recommendations. Educate patients on lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and stress management to support blood pressure control.
  6. Weight Management and Physical Activity:
    1. Educate patients on the significance of maintaining a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular physical activity. Collaborate with dietitians and fitness professionals to tailor plans based on individual preferences and capabilities.

 

Evaluation for Diabetes Mellitus (DM):

 

  • Why Evaluate Diabetes Care?
    • To check if the treatment for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is working and to keep improving it.
  • Checking Blood Sugar Levels:
    • Regularly review blood sugar tests to see how well the treatment is controlling it.
    • Use this information to adjust insulin doses and meal plans.
  • Insulin Use Review:
    • Look at how insulin is given and if it’s being used correctly.
    • Find ways to improve or change the technique if needed.
  • Other Health Checks:
    • Keep an eye on foot health to prevent sores or infections.
    • Monitor blood pressure and weight, as they’re important in diabetes management.
  • Learning from Education:
    • See how well the patient applies what they’ve learned about diabetes care in their daily life.
    • Make sure they know how to spot and handle low or high blood sugar.
  • Working Together:
    • Collaborate with doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers.
    • Keep talking to the patient to understand their needs and adjust the care plan.
  • Goal:
    • To make sure the care plan for Diabetes Mellitus is as effective as possible and meets the changing needs of the patient.

 

References

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Example Nursing Diagnosis For Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

  1. Imbalanced Nutrition: More than Body Requirements: Diabetes may result in overeating or poor dietary choices. This diagnosis addresses nutritional excess.
  2. Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose: Patients with diabetes are at risk for unstable blood glucose levels. This diagnosis emphasizes blood glucose management.
  3. Deficient Knowledge: Some patients may lack knowledge about diabetes management. This diagnosis focuses on patient education and self-care.

Transcript

Let’s create a care plan for Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes is when the blood glucose aka the sugar and the blood is unable to move into the cells. It helps make ATP or energy, and the body makes insulin to assist with this process. Insulin is just the hormone that allows the sugar in the blood to move across the cell so the body can use it to create energy. Or there are two types of diabetes: type one and type two. What we want to consider as nurses is we want to make sure that we check the blood glucose levels and treat as needed. And we want to assess for signs of hyper or hypoglycemia. And we want to educate the patient on insulin administration. It’s very important to teach them how to use the glucometer. The desired outcome is to have blood sugar control with minimum side effects. 

When the patient comes in, they are going to feel a certain way, depending on whether their blood sugar is high or whether it’s low. Some of the things that they are going to tell us if they are hyperglycemic or they have high blood sugar, is they are going to complain of what we call the three P’s. So these are the three P’s and that is polydipsia, polyphagia,and polyuria. And pretty much what those mean is polydipsia is thirsty. They’re going to have excessive thirst. Polyphagia; they’re going to be hungry. They’re always eating. If you notice, and they’re going to have polyuria, they’re going to always be urinating. They’re going to sometimes dump out a liter to two liters per day. They’re going to have blurred vision, dry mouth, increased tiredness, leg pain, and nausea and vomiting. If a patient comes in with hypoglycemia or their blood sugar is less than 70 it’s a low BG. 

They’re going to have some lethargy or weakness. They may be confused. They’re going to have some numbness around the mouth and be nervous. They’re going to be hungry. They’re going to have headaches, nightmares, and they may also be groggy. Some things that we want to observe as nurses, we just want to keep these little mnemonics, okay. Let’s do hyperglycemia. We always say, if they’re hot and dry, then the sugar is high. If they’re cold and clammy, then give them some candy. So they’re going to be sweaty. Okay. They’re going to have tachycardia. They’re going to be irritable. The words are going to slur when they are hypoglycemic. Okay? Here’s some things that we want to be considered and that education is very important. So we want to teach patients that they need to monitor their blood glucose levels by using a glucometer. They want to call their primary care physician. If they have blood glucose levels that are higher than their targets. So hyperglycemia is technically anything over a 180. We want to teach the patient how to use the glucometer and how to record the results for the next doctor’s appointment. We also want to educate about nutritional changes. A lot of things with diabetes can be managed diet wise. We can collaborate with the dietician. The patient does need to learn how to count carbs and which foods to avoid. Patient’s sugars should be checked. Once the patient wakes up before meals and before going to bed, we want to teach the patient about monitoring their feet because the patient has decreased blood flow due to the diabetes, neuropathy could occur and make the feet something that the patient really needs to watch. Wounds are very hard to heal. So if they are having a hard time with their feet or they can’t feel their feet, their wounds will be worse than with someone without diabetes. 

We want to monitor their blood pressure. We want to make sure that they are administering antihypertensives and diuretics to keep their blood pressure within normal limits. We want to keep it around 120/80. Hypertension can lead to end organ damage and renal disease. We’re just going to touch on some of the different insulins that a patient could use if they are prescribed by their physician. So just keep in mind the different types and action times rapid-acting. This is usually something that we use just for quick coverage. We call it a sliding scale, a fast-acting. We also have intermediate acting and then long acting such as Lantus and Levemir. We also have a Humalog NovoLog. Those are the rapid acting NPH. Okay. These are some of the key points that you want to keep in mind when developing this care plan. 

So the pathophysiology: diabetes is when the blood sugar in the blood is unable to move it to the cells. It helps make energy. Some of the things the patient’s going to tell us: polydipsia polyuria polyphagia, the three P’s. They would also complain of weakness. If their sugar is low, they’re going to be clammy. Some objective things that they’re going to show on the monitor. And they’re going to show an increased heart rate. You’re going to look at them. They’re going to be clammy sweaty. They’re also going to have weakness. Glucose management is very important. The patient needs to learn how to manage their blood glucose at home. They may be prescribed insulin coverage if needed. Also, they want to be put on warm precautions. They’re very prone to wounds, so they want to check their feet daily. They need to report any new neuropathy and they want to avoid tight-fitting shoes. We love you guys; go out and be your best selves today. And, as always, happy nursing.

 

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Ground Zero

Concepts Covered:

  • Communication
  • Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
  • Intraoperative Nursing
  • Documentation and Communication
  • Legal and Ethical Issues
  • Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
  • Delegation
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  • Preoperative Nursing
  • Community Health Overview
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  • Adult
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  • Concepts of Pharmacology
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Newborn Care
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  • Disorders of Pancreas
  • Respiratory Disorders
  • Postoperative Nursing
  • Pregnancy Risks
  • Neurological
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  • Substance Abuse Disorders
  • Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
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  • Learning Pharmacology
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  • Prenatal Concepts
  • Tissues and Glands
  • Basics of Chemistry
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Newborn Complications
  • Labor Complications
  • Fetal Development
  • Terminology
  • Labor and Delivery
  • Postpartum Care
  • EENT Disorders
  • Infectious Disease Disorders
  • Lower GI Disorders
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
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  • Cardiovascular Disorders
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  • Renal and Urinary Disorders
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  • Infectious Respiratory Disorder
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  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • EENT Disorders
  • Behavior
  • Emotions and Motivation
  • Growth & Development
  • Psychological Disorders
  • State of Consciousness
  • Health & Stress

Study Plan Lessons

Communicating with Other Nurses
Conflict Management (Patient, Perioperative Team, Family) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
CRNA
Daily Charting
Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse
Day in the Life of a Med-surg Nurse
Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse
Day in the Life of a Postpartum Nurse
Day in the Life of an ICU (Intensive Care Unit) Nurse
Day in the Life of an Operating Room Nurse
Delegation and Personnel Management for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Delegation of Tasks to Assistive Personnel for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
HCIR Management (Healthcare Industry Representative) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Interdisciplinary Team Participation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Joint Commission
MSN (Masters) vs. DNP (Doctorate)
Oncology nurse
Patient Consent for Treatment for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Patient Education
Patient Satisfaction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Safety Checks
SBAR Practice Scenarios
Shift change and Patient handoff
The Medical Team
Time Management
Transition To Practice
Access to Care
Age and Culturally Appropriate Health Assessment Techniques for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Care of Vulnerable Populations
Child Abuse/Neglect – Warning Signs Nursing Mnemonic (CHILD ABUSE)
Communicable Diseases
Community Health Nursing Theories
Continuity of Care
Epidemiology
Levels of Prevention
Giving the Best Patient Education
Health Promotion Assessments
Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
High-Risk Behaviors
High Risk Behavior Nursing Mnemonic (HEADSS)
Health Promotion Model
Patient Education
Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)
Technology & Informatics
12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions
6 Rights of Medication Administration
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Adenosine (Adenocard) Nursing Considerations
Amiodarone (Pacerone) Nursing Considerations
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Anti-Infective – Antifungals
Anti-Platelet Aggregate
Antianxiety Meds
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Barbiturates
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Medications in Ampules
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NRSNG Live | The S.O.C.K Method for Mastering Nursing Pharmacology and Never Forgetting a Medication Again
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OB Pharm and What Drugs You HAVE to Know – Live Tutoring Archive
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Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy
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Pain Management for the Older Adult – Live Tutoring Archive
Pain Management Meds – Live Tutoring Archive
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Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
Pediatric Dosage Calculations
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Pharmacodynamics
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Pharmacology Course Introduction
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Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn
Pill Crushing & Cutting
Positioning
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Propofol (Diprivan) Nursing Considerations
Quetiapine (Seroquel) Nursing Considerations
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Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy
Sedatives-Hypnotics
Sedatives-Hypnotics
Selecting THE vein
Spiking & Priming IV Bags
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Streptokinase (Streptase) Nursing Considerations
Struggling with Dimensional Analysis? – Live Tutoring Archive
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Supplies Needed
Tattoos IV Insertion
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The SOCK Method – C
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The SOCK Method – Overview
The SOCK Method – S
The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 1 – Live Tutoring Archive
The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 3 – Live Tutoring Archive
Tips & Tricks
Tips & Advice for Newborns (Neonatal IV Insertion)
Tips & Advice for Pediatric IV
Understanding All The IV Set Ports
Using Aseptic Technique
Verapamil (Calan) Nursing Considerations
Acids & Bases (acid base balance)
05.03 Jaundice for CCRN Review
Abortion in Nursing: Spontaneous, Induced, and Missed
Abruptio Placenta for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Nursing Considerations
Addicted Newborn
Adult Vital Signs (VS)
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Lab Values
Ampicillin (Omnipen) Nursing Considerations
Anemia in Pregnancy
Antepartum Testing
Antepartum Testing Case Study (45 min)
Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides
Anti-Infective – Lincosamide
Aspiration for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Babies by Term
Behind The Red Line – Live Tutoring Archive
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy
Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values
Blood Cultures
Blood Glucose Monitoring
Blood Transfusions (Administration)
Body System Assessments
Breastfeeding
Butorphanol (Stadol) Nursing Considerations
Cardiac (Heart) Disease in Pregnancy
Causes of Chorioamnionitis Nursing Mnemonic (Pregnancies Are Very Interesting)
Causes of Labor Dystocia Nursing Mnemonic (Having Extremely Frustrating Labor)
Causes of Postpartum Hemorrhage Nursing Mnemonic (4 T’s)
Certified Nurse Midwife
Chorioamnionitis
Clindamycin (Cleocin) Nursing Considerations
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse
Day in the Life of a Postpartum Nurse
Dexamethasone (Decadron) Nursing Considerations
Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated) Lab Values
Discomforts of Pregnancy
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Dystocia
Ectopic Pregnancy
Ectopic Pregnancy Case Study (30 min)
Ectopic Pregnancy for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Emergent Delivery (OB) (30 min)
Emergent Delivery for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Epidural
Episiotomy – Evaluation of Healing Nursing Mnemonic (REEDA)
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn
Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn (Erythromycin)
Factors That Can Put a Pregnancy at Risk Nursing Mnemonic (RIBCAGE)
Family Planning & Contraception
Family Planning & Signs of Pregnancy – Live Tutoring Archive
Fertilization and Implantation
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Fetal Circulation
Fetal Development
Fetal Distress Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (Stop MOAN)
Fetal Environment
Fetal Heart Monitoring (FHM)
Fetal Heart Monitoring Like A Pro – Live Tutoring Archive
Fetal Heart Monitoring Like A Pro 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Fetal Wellbeing Assessment Tests Nursing Mnemonic (ALONE)
Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses
Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations
Gestation & Nägele’s Rule: Estimating Due Dates
Gestational Diabetes (GDM)
Gestational Diabetes and Why YOU Should Know About It – Live Tutoring Archive
Gestational HTN (Hypertension)
Glucagon Lab Values
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) Lab Values
Gravidity and Parity (G&Ps, GTPAL)
HELLP Syndrome
HELLP Syndrome – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (HELLP)
Hematomas in OB Nursing: Causes, Symptoms, and Nursing Care
Hemodynamics
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C)
Hemorrhage (Postpartum Bleeding) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hepatitis B Vaccine for Newborns
Homocysteine (HCY) Lab Values
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar pregnancy)
Hydralazine (Apresoline) Nursing Considerations
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) Nursing Considerations
Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Hyperemesis Gravidarum for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)
Hypovolemic Shock Case Study (OB sim) (60 min)
Incompetent Cervix
Infections in Pregnancy
Initial Care of the Newborn (APGAR)
Inserting a Foley (Urinary Catheter) – Female
Intra Uterine Device – Potential Problems Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)
Isotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Labor Progression Case Study (45 min)
Leopold Maneuvers
Lung Surfactant
Lung Surfactant for Newborns
Magnesium Sulfate
Magnesium Sulfate
Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Nursing Considerations
Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy
Mastitis
Maternal Risk Factors
Mechanisms of Labor
Meconium Aspiration
Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Meds for PPH (postpartum hemorrhage)
Menstrual Cycle
Methylergonovine (Methergine) Nursing Considerations
Newborn of HIV+ Mother
Newborn Physical Exam
Newborn Reflexes
Nifedipine (Procardia) Nursing Considerations
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Miscarriage
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abruptio Placentae / Placental abruption
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chorioamnionitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dystocia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Ectopic Pregnancy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gestational Diabetes (GDM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Incompetent Cervix
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mastitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Maternal-Fetal Dyad Using GTPAL
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meconium Aspiration
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neonatal Jaundice | Hyperbilirubinemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Newborns
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Placenta Previa
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) / Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Preterm Labor / Premature Labor
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Process of Labor
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Nursing Care Plan for Newborn Reflexes
Nursing Case Study for Maternal Newborn
Nutrition Assessments
Nutrition in Pregnancy
Nutritional Requirements
OB (Labor) Nurse Report to OB (Postpartum) Nurses
OB Course Introduction
OB Non-Stress Test Results Nursing Mnemonic (NNN)
OB Pharm and What Drugs You HAVE to Know – Live Tutoring Archive
Obstetric Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Obstetrical Procedures
Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy
Oral Birth Control Pills – Serious Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Aches)
Oxytocin (Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
Pediatric Vital Signs (VS)
Physiological Changes
Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn
Placenta Previa
Placenta Previa for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Possible Infections During Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (TORCH)
Post-Partum Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (BUBBLE)
Postpartum Discomforts
Postpartum Hematoma
Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Postpartum Interventions
Postpartum Physiological Maternal Changes
Postpartum Thrombophlebitis
Precipitous Labor
Preeclampsia (45 min)
Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Preeclampsia: Signs, Symptoms, Nursing Care, and Magnesium Sulfate
Pregnancy Labs
Pregnancy Outcomes Nursing Mnemonic (GTPAL)
Preload and Afterload
Premature Rupture of the Membranes (PROM)
Preterm Labor
Preterm Labor for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Probable Signs of Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP BUGS)
Process of Labor
Process of Labor – Mom Nursing Mnemonic (4 P’s)
Process of Labor – Baby Nursing Mnemonic (ALPPPS)
Process of Labor – Live Tutoring Archive
Process of Labor 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Promethazine (Phenergan) Nursing Considerations
Prostaglandins
Prostaglandins in Pregnancy
Protein (PROT) Lab Values
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
Rh Immune Globulin (Rhogam)
Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy
Signs of Pregnancy – Live Tutoring Archive
Signs of Pregnancy (Presumptive, Probable, Positive)
Spironolactone (Aldactone) Nursing Considerations
Stages of Fetal Development Nursing Mnemonic (Proficiently Expanding Fetus)
Subinvolution
Terbutaline (Brethine) Nursing Considerations
Threatened/Spontaneous Abortion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Tips & Advice for Newborns (Neonatal IV Insertion)
Tocolytics
Tocolytics
Top 5 Misunderstood OB Concepts – Live Tutoring Archive
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
Umbilical Cord Vasculature Nursing Mnemonic (2A1V)
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
VEAL CHOP Nursing Mnemonic (Fetal Accelerations and Decelerations) (VEAL CHOP)
What the Heck is Antepartum Testing? – Live Tutoring Archive
Abdomen (Abdominal) Assessment
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Oxygenation
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
ABGs Tic-Tac-Toe interpretation Method
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Nursing Considerations
Acute Bronchitis
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Airborne Precaution Diseases Nursing Mnemonic (MTV)
Albuterol (Ventolin) Nursing Considerations
Alveoli & Atelectasis
Amoxicillin (Amoxil) Nursing Considerations
Anti-Infective – Antivirals
Anti-Infective – Macrolides
Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
Appendicitis
Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)
Appendicitis Case Study (Peds) (30 min)
Appendicitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Assessment of a Burn Nursing Mnemonic (SCALD)
Asthma
Asthma Concept Map
Asthma management Nursing Mnemonic (ASTHMA)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Base Excess & Deficit
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Nursing Considerations
Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)
Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Bronchodilators
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Nursing Considerations
Burn Injuries
Burn Injury Case Study (60 min)
Burns for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cardiac Glycosides
Care of the Pediatric Patient
Casting & Splinting
Cefaclor (Ceclor) Nursing Considerations
Celiac Disease
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Nursing Considerations
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Nursing Considerations
Cleft Lip and Palate
Cleft Lip Repair – Post Op Care Nursing Mnemonic (CLEFT LIP)
Clubfoot
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Conjunctivitis
Constipation and Encopresis (Incontinence)
Corticosteroids
Coumarins
Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse
Day in the Life of a Peds (Pediatric) Nurse
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Dehydration
Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)
Digoxin (Lanoxin) Nursing Considerations
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Nursing Considerations
Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil) Nursing Considerations
Eczema
EENT Assessment
Enuresis
Epiglottitis
Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)
Epispadias and Hypospadias
Famotidine (Pepcid) Nursing Considerations
Fever
Fever Case Study (Pediatric) (30 min)
Flu Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (FACTS)
Fluid Compartments
Fluid Pressures
Fluid Shifts (Ascites) (Pleural Effusion)
Fluid Volume Deficit
Fluticasone (Flonase) Nursing Considerations
Gas Exchange
Gentamicin (Garamycin) Nursing Considerations
Glucose Lab Values
Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) Nursing Considerations
Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hemophilia
Hierarchy of O2 Delivery
Hydrocephalus
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms (in Pediatrics) Nursing Mnemonic (FINES)
Ibuprofen (Motrin) Nursing Considerations
Immunizations (Vaccinations)
Imperforate Anus
Impetigo
Indomethacin (Indocin) Nursing Considerations
Influenza – Flu
Integumentary (Skin) Assessment
Intussusception
Intussusception for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Isolation Precaution Types (PPE)
Isolation Precautions (MRSA, C. Difficile, Meningitis, Pertussis, Tuberculosis, Neutropenia)
Lactulose (Generlac) Nursing Considerations
Leukemia
Levels of Consciousness (LOC)
Levetiracetam (Keppra) Nursing Considerations
Lung Sounds
Marfan Syndrome
Meningitis
Meningitis Assessment Findings Nursing Mnemonic (FAN LIPS)
Meningitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Methylphenidate (Concerta) Nursing Considerations
Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects
Mumps
Nephroblastoma
Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)
Neuro Assessment
NSAIDs
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Bronchitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Appendicitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma / Childhood Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Burn Injury (First, Second, Third degree)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Celiac Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cleft Lip / Cleft Palate
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Clubfoot
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Constipation / Encopresis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cystic Fibrosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dehydration & Fever
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Eczema (Infantile or Childhood) / Atopic Dermatitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Enuresis / Bedwetting
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Epiglottitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Fluid Volume Deficit
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hemophilia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hydrocephalus
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Imperforate Anus
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impetigo
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infective Conjunctivitis / Pink Eye
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Influenza
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Marfan Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meningitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mumps
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neural Tube Defect, Spina Bifida
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Omphalocele
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Otitis Media / Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pediculosis Capitis / Head Lice
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pertussis / Whooping Cough
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Reye’s Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rheumatic Fever
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rubeola – Measles
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Scoliosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tonsillitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Varicella / Chickenpox
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Vomiting / Diarrhea
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Autism Spectrum Disorder
Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Ocular Infections (Conjunctivitis, Iritis) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Omphalocele
Opioid Analgesics
Pancrelipase (Pancreaze) Nursing Considerations
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Dysfunction – Diarrhea
Pediatric Oncology Basics
Pediatrics Course Introduction
Pediculosis Capitis
Pertussis – Whooping Cough
Phenylketonuria
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Nursing Considerations
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pneumonia
Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)
Pulmonary Function Test
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Reye’s Syndrome
Reyes Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)
Rheumatic Fever
ROME – ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation
Rubeola – Measles
Salmeterol (Serevent) Nursing Considerations
Scoliosis
Selegiline (Eldepyrl) Nursing Considerations
Sickle Cell Anemia
Spina Bifida – Neural Tube Defect (NTD)
Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)
Stoma Care (Colostomy bag)
Strabismus
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Thorax and Lungs Assessment
Tonsillitis
Topical Medications
Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)
Transient Incontinence – Common Causes Nursing Mnemonic (P-DIAPERS)
Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)
Umbilical Hernia
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Measles, Mumps, Pertussis, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Varicella – Chickenpox
Varicella Case Study (Peds) (30 min)
Vitals (VS) and Assessment
Vomiting
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
X-Ray (Xray)
ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)
Emotions and Motivation
Growth & Development Theories
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Psychological Disorders
State of Consciousness
Stress and Crisis