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Levels of Consciousness (LOC)

Levels of Consciousness (LOC)

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10 Levels of Consciousness (LOC) NCLEX Questions

Question 1 of 10

A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced a head injury. The nurse is performing a focused neurological exam and documents that the client’s mental status is obtunded. Which best describes a client’s affect as obtunded?

The client does not respond to any stimulation

The client has very slow responses and decrease interest in the environment

The client is easily awakened with voice from normal sleep

The client only arouses to painful stimuli

Question 2 of 10

A client who has sustained a head injury is being evaluated in the emergency room. The nurse performs a neurological assessment and notes that the client is somnolent. Which of the following describes an somnolent client response? Select all that apply.

Alert and following commands

Difficult to arouse

Falls asleep between stimulation

Does not respond at all

Needs stimulation to follow commands

Question 3 of 10

A client is dying and has become unconscious but is still breathing. While standing next to the client’s bed, his sister says, “I always wanted to tell him that I loved him, but it was so hard for me. Now it is too late.” Which response of the nurse is most appropriate?

You can still tell him. Hearing is the last sense to go so he may hear you

He probably already knows

Next time don't wait. Tell the person when you have the chance

We should talk about this somewhere else and not at the bedside

Question 4 of 10

A client is brought to the trauma bay after a motor vehicle collision with rollover. The client is unconscious but breathing. On the neurological assessment, the client does not respond to his/her name. The nurse performs a sternal rub and the client’s eyes open, arms flex in no particular direction, and the client mumbles incoherently. The nurse anticipates the next action to be which of the following?

Administer normal saline through 2 large bore IV's

Move on to your secondary survey

Prepare for rapid sequence intubation

Facilitate family presence

Question 5 of 10

The nurse recognizes that the client is suffering from acute delirium. What is the first action the nurse should take?

Document the findings at the end of the shift

Increase client checks to every two hours until it resolves

Contact the provider because this is considered a medical emergency

Recognize that this represents an exacerbation of the client’s underlying dementia

Question 6 of 10

A client who has suffered a head injury is brought in to the emergency department. Which question will allow the nurse to best determine if the client is alert and oriented?

Where are you right now?

Did anyone come in with you?

Are you disoriented right now?

Are you having any pain?

Question 7 of 10

A client has been diagnosed with REM sleep behavior disorder. Which of the following is associated with this type of sleep disorder? Select all that apply.

The client may be aggressive and violent while asleep

The client usually suffers from restless leg syndrome

The client may be dangerous toward their bed partner

The client often needs psychotherapy and counseling for treatment

The client may get up out of bed and act out activities

Question 8 of 10

An unconscious client is brought into the trauma bay after being “found down” in the community. There is no reportable history and no witnesses to any events leading up to the client being found. Which of the following tests would not be appropriate for the client in the immediate time period while in the client is in trauma bay?

Finger stick for blood sugar

CT Scan of the brain

MRI of the brain

ETOH level

Question 9 of 10

A nurse is helping a client to develop a sleep hygiene program to improve sleep habits. Which of the following would the nurse suggest for this client as part of sleep hygiene? Select all that apply.

The client should develop a familiar nighttime routine

The client should go to bed later than usual

The client should try to find a comfortable position for sleeping

The client may sleep better if another person is in the room

The client should try to wake up at an earlier time than usual

Question 10 of 10

The nurse is assigned to an older adult client in the emergency department whose family members report she is “acting bizarre”. The nurse notes a decreasing level of consciousness and confusion. The nurse obtains vital signs which are within normal limits. What is the nurse’s next priority?

Obtain an EKG

Obtain a POC glucose

Ask the client if she knows where she is

Obtain a urine sample

What email should we send your results to?

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Additional Lessons

Study Tools For Levels of Consciousness (LOC)

Levels of consciousness (Mnemonic)

Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale (Picmonic)

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Outline

Overview

Neurological changes can occur for various reasons – noticing small changes can mean the patient gets help sooner.

Nursing Points

General

Priority assessments
1. Alertness
2. Orientation
3. Response to Pain

Assessment

Normal
1. Conscious
2. Awake & Alert
3. Awakens easily from sleep
4. Oriented to:
  1. Person
  2. Place
  3. Time
  4. Situation
5. Follows Commands
Confused
1. Awake, alert
2. Unable to answer all orientation questions (i.e. A&O x 1-2)
3. Difficulty following commands
4. Slow thought process
5. Memory loss
6. Possible causes:
  1. Sleep deprivation
  2. Malnutrition
  3. Infection
  4. Toxemia / Acidosis
  5. Hypoglycemia
Delirious
1. Confused and disoriented AND:
2. Restless or Agitated
3. Possible hallucinations or delusions
4. Trouble paying attention
5. Possible causes:
  1. ICU delirium
  2. Sundowner’s
  3. Encephalopathies
Somnolent
1. Excessive drowsiness
2. Can’t keep eyes open / stay awake
3. Responds with mumbles only
4. Require increasingly painful stimuli to arouse
Obtunded
1. Might be awake, but not alert
2. No interest or response to surroundings
3. Slowed responses
4. “Looking right through you”
Stuporous
1. Sleep-like state
2. Little to no spontaneous activity
3. Respond only with grimacing
4. Withdraw to pain
5. Increase painful stimuli to obtain best response
Comatose
1. Unable to arouse
2. NO response to stimuli
3. Assess for cough/gag reflex
4. Assess for airway protection

Therapeutic Management

Change in LOC
1. Check SpO2
2. Check Blood glucose
3. Intervene for those if needed
4. Notify Provider if not or if airway concerns

Nursing Concepts

Cognition
1. Assess LOC
2. Assess Pupils
3. See Neuro Assessment lessons
Intracranial Regulation
1. Determine possible cause of ↓ LOC
  1. Infection
  2. Acidosis
  3. Stroke
  4. Hypoglycemia
  5. Hypoxia
Clinical Judgment
1. Applying O2 and giving oral sugar sources can and should be done without provider order
  1. Notify after intervention
2. IV dextrose requires order – must notify provider if PRN order not available
3. Call Rapid Response or Code Blue as appropriate

Patient Education

Reassure family of purpose of painful stimuli
Educate patient on importance of orientation questions with each assessment

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Transcript

In this lesson we’re going to talk about the different levels of consciousness. This, plus your pupillary assessment are going to be the staples of your neuro exam. We’ll talk more about the pupillary assessment in the routine neuro assessments lesson.

In order to understand the varying levels of consciousness, we need to know what normal is. So let’s talk about what a normal neuro exam would look like. This is someone who is considered conscious. This would be like you and me. We’re awake, alert, aware of our surroundings. We’re able to respond to stimuli around us and follow commands. If they’re asleep, give them a chance to wake up. If they arouse easily and are able to remain alert, that is normal. Then we’ll ask the patient four questions. “What’s your name?” “Where are we right now?” “What month is it?” and “Why are you here?”. This tells us orientation to person, place, time, and situation. If they get all 4 correct, we say they’re Alert and Oriented times four. Now, not all facilities use situation, so you would just say they’re oriented times 3, and that would still be acceptable.

The next two levels of consciousness are patients who are alert but are NOT oriented. People who are confused can’t answer all of the orientation questions. They might be alert and oriented times 1 or 2, or even 0. They have difficulty following commands and their thought processes tend to be slow. They may even have memory loss. This can be caused by sleep deprivation, which happens a lot in the hospital, or even infection. In fact the number one sign of infection in the elderly is confusion. And remember hypoglycemia can also cause confusion.

The next level down would be delirious. Someone who is delirious is confused and disoriented AND also restless or agitated. They struggle to pay attention to their surroundings and may even experience hallucinations or delusions. I had a patient with ICU delirium once who SWORE there were spiders crawling on the walls. ICU delirium happens because of sleep deprivation and sometimes the number of meds we are giving, patients begin to lose touch with reality. We also see delirium in Alzheimer’s patients when they are sundowning.

The next level would be patients who are only minimally responsive. They are not alert. Patients who are somnolent are extremely sleepy. Somnolent, Sleepy (both start with S). But this is like next-level sleepy – this isn’t you after you pulled an all nighter studying. These patients are hard to keep awake, they just keep falling back asleep. You try to arouse them and they might just mumble at you. This is the point at which we begin to use painful stimuli to try to elicit a response. We want to give them credit for the best response they can give, so we’ll start with maybe nail bed pressure, then we could try a trapezius squeeze, and move on to a sternal rub to see what kind of response we get from the patient. Usually somnolent patients will open their eyes, mumble at you, and maybe swat at you, then they go right back to sleep.

Now, obtunded is a little different. This is someone who might actually be awake, but they’re not alert to their surroundings at all. It’s like the lights are on but no one’s home. Their responses are slowed or the may not respond at all. Sometimes it’s like they’re staring right through you. They may also have some delirium with it. This could be caused by a stroke or by high ammonia levels.

From there, we move down to patients who really aren’t responding at all. Stuporous patients are in a sleep-like state. They aren’t moving around on their own, but they do respond SOME to stimuli. You will see grimacing on their face, and sometimes they’ll pull away from you when you cause a painful stimulus like nailbed pressure or a trapezius squeeze. That’s called withdrawing. Again, we use increasing levels of painful stimuli so we can give them credit for their best response.

And finally we use the term comatose for people who are completely unarousable. They don’t respond to any painful stimuli, even super deep sternal rubs. The other thing we want to assess on these patients is whether they have a gag or cough reflex. We use our yankauer to stick in the back of their throat to try to elicit a gag response. The number one concern here is that this patient might have trouble protecting their own airway, so we need to get help as soon as possible.

Now any of these neuro changes could be attributed to a number of diseases, from cardiac to respiratory to metabolic to neurological. The most important thing is to recognize the change and notify the provider so that we can begin to identify the cause. And if you remember from the cerebral metabolism lecture, the brain is very sensitive to a low O2 and a low glucose level. So check your patient’s SpO2 and blood glucose levels while you wait for the doctor to arrive!

So remember when we assess level of consciousness, we are first assessing whether they’re alert and awake, then we assess their orientation to person, place, time, and situation. So we’d report they’re Alert and Oriented times 1, 2, 3, or 4 or 0 if they’re completely disoriented. Then if they aren’t alert and oriented, we need to assess their response to painful stimuli. So your basic levels are alert and oriented, alert but not oriented, minimally responsive, and unresponsive. Remember that if you note any changes, you need to notify the provider right away.

Make sure you check out the next few lessons to learn about routine and adjunct neuro assessments! Go out and be your best selves today, and, as always, happy nursing!!

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Concepts Covered:

Study Plan Lessons

Communicating with Other Nurses

Conflict Management (Patient, Perioperative Team, Family) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse

Day in the Life of a Med-surg Nurse

Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse

Day in the Life of a Postpartum Nurse

Day in the Life of an ICU (Intensive Care Unit) Nurse

Day in the Life of an Operating Room Nurse

Delegation and Personnel Management for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Delegation of Tasks to Assistive Personnel for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

HCIR Management (Healthcare Industry Representative) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Interdisciplinary Team Participation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Joint Commission

MSN (Masters) vs. DNP (Doctorate)

Patient Consent for Treatment for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Patient Education

Patient Satisfaction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

SBAR Practice Scenarios

Shift change and Patient handoff

The Medical Team

Time Management

Transition To Practice

Age and Culturally Appropriate Health Assessment Techniques for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Care of Vulnerable Populations

Child Abuse/Neglect – Warning Signs Nursing Mnemonic (CHILD ABUSE)

Communicable Diseases

Community Health Nursing Theories

Continuity of Care

Levels of Prevention

Giving the Best Patient Education

Health Promotion Assessments

Health Promotion & Disease Prevention

High-Risk Behaviors

High Risk Behavior Nursing Mnemonic (HEADSS)

Health Promotion Model

Patient Education

Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)

Technology & Informatics

12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions

6 Rights of Medication Administration

ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs

Adenosine (Adenocard) Nursing Considerations

Amiodarone (Pacerone) Nursing Considerations

Anesthetic Agents

Anti-Infective – Antifungals

Anti-Platelet Aggregate

Antianxiety Meds

Antidepressants

Atenolol (Tenormin) Nursing Considerations

Atropine (Atropen) Nursing Considerations

Bariatric: IV Insertion

Basics of Calculations

Benztropine (Cogentin) Nursing Considerations

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Nursing Considerations

Buspirone (Buspar) Nursing Considerations

Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet) Nursing Considerations

Cefdinir (Omnicef) Nursing Considerations

Celecoxib (Celebrex) Nursing Considerations

Codeine (Paveral) Nursing Considerations

Combative: IV Insertion

Complex Calculations (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Nursing Considerations

Dark Skin: IV Insertion

Dimensional Analysis Nursing (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)

Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil) Nursing Considerations

Drawing Blood from the IV

Drawing Up Meds

Drug Interactions Nursing Mnemonic (These Drugs Can Interact)

Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn

Fentanyl (Duragesic) Nursing Considerations

Geriatric: IV Insertion

Giving Medication Through An IV Set Port

Glipizide (Glucotrol) Nursing Considerations

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) Nursing Considerations

Hanging an IV Piggyback

How to Remove (discontinue) an IV

How to Secure an IV (chevron, transparent dressing)

Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Lortab) Nursing Considerations

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Nursing Considerations

Injectable Medications

Insulin – Long Acting (Lantus) Nursing Considerations

Insulin – Mixtures (70/30)

Interactive Pharmacology Practice

Interactive Practice Drip Calculations

IV Catheter Selection (gauge, color)

IV Complications (infiltration, phlebitis, hematoma, extravasation, air embolism)

IV Drip Administration & Safety Checks

IV Drip Therapy – Medications Used for Drips

IV Infusions (Solutions)

IV Insertion Angle

IV Insertion Course Introduction

IV Placement Start To Finish (How to Start an IV)

IV Pump Management

IV Push Medications

Ketorolac (Toradol) Nursing Considerations

Labeling (Medications, Solutions, Containers) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) Nursing Considerations

Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy

Maintenance of the IV

Mannitol (Osmitrol) Nursing Considerations

Medication Errors

Medication Reconciliation Review for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Medications in Ampules

Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Meperidine (Demerol) Nursing Considerations

Methadone (Methadose) Nursing Considerations

Methylergonovine (Methergine) Nursing Considerations

Metoclopramide (Reglan) Nursing Considerations

Montelukast (Singulair) Nursing Considerations

Mood Stabilizers

Nalbuphine (Nubain) Nursing Considerations

Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Nursing Considerations

NG Tube Med Administration (Nasogastric)

NG Tube Medication Administration

Nitro Compounds

NRSNG Live | The S.O.C.K Method for Mastering Nursing Pharmacology and Never Forgetting a Medication Again

Nystatin (Mycostatin) Nursing Considerations

OB Pharm and What Drugs You HAVE to Know – Live Tutoring Archive

Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Nursing Considerations

Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy

Oral Medications

Oxycodone (OxyContin) Nursing Considerations

Pain Management for the Older Adult – Live Tutoring Archive

Pain Management Meds – Live Tutoring Archive

Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations

Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)

Pediatric Dosage Calculations

Pentobarbital (Nembutal) Nursing Considerations

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics Nursing Mnemonic (ADME)

Pharmacology Course Introduction

Phenobarbital (Luminal) Nursing Considerations

Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn

Pill Crushing & Cutting

Procainamide (Pronestyl) Nursing Considerations

Propofol (Diprivan) Nursing Considerations

Quetiapine (Seroquel) Nursing Considerations

Ranitidine (Zantac) Nursing Considerations

Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy

Sedatives-Hypnotics

Sedatives-Hypnotics

Selecting THE vein

Spiking & Priming IV Bags

Streptokinase (Streptase) Nursing Considerations

Struggling with Dimensional Analysis? – Live Tutoring Archive

SubQ Injections

Supplies Needed

Tattoos IV Insertion

The SOCK Method – C

The SOCK Method – K

The SOCK Method – O

The SOCK Method – Overview

The SOCK Method – S

The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 1 – Live Tutoring Archive

The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 2 – Live Tutoring Archive

The SOCK Method of Pharmacology 3 – Live Tutoring Archive

Tips & Advice for Newborns (Neonatal IV Insertion)

Tips & Advice for Pediatric IV

Understanding All The IV Set Ports

Using Aseptic Technique

Verapamil (Calan) Nursing Considerations

Acids & Bases (acid base balance)

05.03 Jaundice for CCRN Review

Abortion in Nursing: Spontaneous, Induced, and Missed

Abruptio Placenta for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)

Acyclovir (Zovirax) Nursing Considerations

Addicted Newborn

Adult Vital Signs (VS)

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Lab Values

Ampicillin (Omnipen) Nursing Considerations

Anemia in Pregnancy

Antepartum Testing

Antepartum Testing Case Study (45 min)

Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides

Anti-Infective – Lincosamide

Aspiration for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Behind The Red Line – Live Tutoring Archive

Betamethasone and Dexamethasone

Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy

Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values

Blood Glucose Monitoring

Blood Transfusions (Administration)

Body System Assessments

Butorphanol (Stadol) Nursing Considerations

Cardiac (Heart) Disease in Pregnancy

Causes of Chorioamnionitis Nursing Mnemonic (Pregnancies Are Very Interesting)

Causes of Labor Dystocia Nursing Mnemonic (Having Extremely Frustrating Labor)

Causes of Postpartum Hemorrhage Nursing Mnemonic (4 T’s)

Certified Nurse Midwife

Chorioamnionitis

Clindamycin (Cleocin) Nursing Considerations

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs

Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse

Day in the Life of a Postpartum Nurse

Dexamethasone (Decadron) Nursing Considerations

Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated) Lab Values

Discomforts of Pregnancy

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)

Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic Pregnancy Case Study (30 min)

Ectopic Pregnancy for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Emergent Delivery (OB) (30 min)

Emergent Delivery for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Episiotomy – Evaluation of Healing Nursing Mnemonic (REEDA)

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn

Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn (Erythromycin)

Factors That Can Put a Pregnancy at Risk Nursing Mnemonic (RIBCAGE)

Family Planning & Contraception

Family Planning & Signs of Pregnancy – Live Tutoring Archive

Fertilization and Implantation

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Fetal Circulation

Fetal Development

Fetal Distress Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (Stop MOAN)

Fetal Environment

Fetal Heart Monitoring (FHM)

Fetal Heart Monitoring Like A Pro – Live Tutoring Archive

Fetal Heart Monitoring Like A Pro 2 – Live Tutoring Archive

Fetal Wellbeing Assessment Tests Nursing Mnemonic (ALONE)

Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses

Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations

Gestation & Nägele’s Rule: Estimating Due Dates

Gestational Diabetes (GDM)

Gestational Diabetes and Why YOU Should Know About It – Live Tutoring Archive

Gestational HTN (Hypertension)

Glucagon Lab Values

Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) Lab Values

Gravidity and Parity (G&Ps, GTPAL)

HELLP Syndrome – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (HELLP)

Hematomas in OB Nursing: Causes, Symptoms, and Nursing Care

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C)

Hemorrhage (Postpartum Bleeding) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Hepatitis B Vaccine for Newborns

Homocysteine (HCY) Lab Values

Hydatidiform Mole (Molar pregnancy)

Hydralazine (Apresoline) Nursing Considerations

Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) Nursing Considerations

Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Hyperemesis Gravidarum for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)

Hypovolemic Shock Case Study (OB sim) (60 min)

Incompetent Cervix

Infections in Pregnancy

Initial Care of the Newborn (APGAR)

Inserting a Foley (Urinary Catheter) – Female

Intra Uterine Device – Potential Problems Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

Isotonic Solutions (IV solutions)

Labor Progression Case Study (45 min)

Leopold Maneuvers

Lung Surfactant

Lung Surfactant for Newborns

Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Nursing Considerations

Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy

Maternal Risk Factors

Mechanisms of Labor

Meconium Aspiration

Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Meds for PPH (postpartum hemorrhage)

Menstrual Cycle

Methylergonovine (Methergine) Nursing Considerations

Newborn of HIV+ Mother

Newborn Physical Exam

Newborn Reflexes

Nifedipine (Procardia) Nursing Considerations

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abortion, Spontaneous Abortion, Miscarriage

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abruptio Placentae / Placental abruption

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chorioamnionitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dystocia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Ectopic Pregnancy

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gestational Diabetes (GDM)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypertension (HTN)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Incompetent Cervix

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mastitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Maternal-Fetal Dyad Using GTPAL

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meconium Aspiration

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neonatal Jaundice | Hyperbilirubinemia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Newborns

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Placenta Previa

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) / Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Preterm Labor / Premature Labor

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Process of Labor

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Transient Tachypnea of Newborn

Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Nursing Care Plan for Newborn Reflexes

Nursing Case Study for Maternal Newborn

Nutrition Assessments

Nutrition in Pregnancy

Nutritional Requirements

OB (Labor) Nurse Report to OB (Postpartum) Nurses

OB Course Introduction

OB Non-Stress Test Results Nursing Mnemonic (NNN)

OB Pharm and What Drugs You HAVE to Know – Live Tutoring Archive

Obstetric Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Obstetrical Procedures

Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy

Oral Birth Control Pills – Serious Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Aches)

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Nursing Considerations

Pediatric Vital Signs (VS)

Physiological Changes

Phytonadione (Vitamin K)

Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn

Placenta Previa

Placenta Previa for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Possible Infections During Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (TORCH)

Post-Partum Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (BUBBLE)

Postpartum Discomforts

Postpartum Hematoma

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Postpartum Interventions

Postpartum Physiological Maternal Changes

Postpartum Thrombophlebitis

Precipitous Labor

Preeclampsia (45 min)

Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Preeclampsia: Signs, Symptoms, Nursing Care, and Magnesium Sulfate

Pregnancy Outcomes Nursing Mnemonic (GTPAL)

Preload and Afterload

Premature Rupture of the Membranes (PROM)

Preterm Labor for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Probable Signs of Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP BUGS)

Process of Labor

Process of Labor – Mom Nursing Mnemonic (4 P’s)

Process of Labor – Baby Nursing Mnemonic (ALPPPS)

Process of Labor – Live Tutoring Archive

Process of Labor 2 – Live Tutoring Archive

Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

Promethazine (Phenergan) Nursing Considerations

Prostaglandins in Pregnancy

Protein (PROT) Lab Values

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

Rh Immune Globulin (Rhogam)

Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy

Signs of Pregnancy – Live Tutoring Archive

Signs of Pregnancy (Presumptive, Probable, Positive)

Spironolactone (Aldactone) Nursing Considerations

Stages of Fetal Development Nursing Mnemonic (Proficiently Expanding Fetus)

Terbutaline (Brethine) Nursing Considerations

Threatened/Spontaneous Abortion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Tips & Advice for Newborns (Neonatal IV Insertion)

Top 5 Misunderstood OB Concepts – Live Tutoring Archive

Transient Tachypnea of Newborn

Umbilical Cord Vasculature Nursing Mnemonic (2A1V)

Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)

Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin) Nursing Considerations

VEAL CHOP Nursing Mnemonic (Fetal Accelerations and Decelerations) (VEAL CHOP)

What the Heck is Antepartum Testing? – Live Tutoring Archive

Abdomen (Abdominal) Assessment

ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics

ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Oxygenation

ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values

ABGs Tic-Tac-Toe interpretation Method

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Nursing Considerations

Acute Bronchitis

Acute Otitis Media (AOM)

Airborne Precaution Diseases Nursing Mnemonic (MTV)

Albuterol (Ventolin) Nursing Considerations

Alveoli & Atelectasis

Amoxicillin (Amoxil) Nursing Considerations

Anti-Infective – Antivirals

Anti-Infective – Macrolides

Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins

Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones

Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

Appendicitis Case Study (Peds) (30 min)

Appendicitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Assessment of a Burn Nursing Mnemonic (SCALD)

Asthma Concept Map

Asthma management Nursing Mnemonic (ASTHMA)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Base Excess & Deficit

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Nursing Considerations

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)

Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)

Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Bronchodilators

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Nursing Considerations

Burn Injury Case Study (60 min)

Burns for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Cardiac Glycosides

Care of the Pediatric Patient

Casting & Splinting

Cefaclor (Ceclor) Nursing Considerations

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Cimetidine (Tagamet) Nursing Considerations

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Nursing Considerations

Cleft Lip and Palate

Cleft Lip Repair – Post Op Care Nursing Mnemonic (CLEFT LIP)

Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)

Constipation and Encopresis (Incontinence)

Corticosteroids

Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Day in the Life of a NICU Nurse

Day in the Life of a Peds (Pediatric) Nurse

Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow

Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow

Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)

Digoxin (Lanoxin) Nursing Considerations

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Nursing Considerations

Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil) Nursing Considerations

EENT Assessment

Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)

Epispadias and Hypospadias

Famotidine (Pepcid) Nursing Considerations

Fever Case Study (Pediatric) (30 min)

Flu Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (FACTS)

Fluid Compartments

Fluid Pressures

Fluid Shifts (Ascites) (Pleural Effusion)

Fluid Volume Deficit

Fluticasone (Flonase) Nursing Considerations

Gentamicin (Garamycin) Nursing Considerations

Glucose Lab Values

Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) Nursing Considerations

Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)

Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values

Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values

Hierarchy of O2 Delivery

Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms (in Pediatrics) Nursing Mnemonic (FINES)

Ibuprofen (Motrin) Nursing Considerations

Immunizations (Vaccinations)

Imperforate Anus

Indomethacin (Indocin) Nursing Considerations

Influenza – Flu

Integumentary (Skin) Assessment

Intussusception

Intussusception for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Isolation Precaution Types (PPE)

Isolation Precautions (MRSA, C. Difficile, Meningitis, Pertussis, Tuberculosis, Neutropenia)

Lactulose (Generlac) Nursing Considerations

Levels of Consciousness (LOC)

Levetiracetam (Keppra) Nursing Considerations

Marfan Syndrome

Meningitis Assessment Findings Nursing Mnemonic (FAN LIPS)

Meningitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Methylphenidate (Concerta) Nursing Considerations

Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects

Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)

Neuro Assessment

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Bronchitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Appendicitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma / Childhood Asthma

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Burn Injury (First, Second, Third degree)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Celiac Disease

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cleft Lip / Cleft Palate

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Clubfoot

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Constipation / Encopresis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cystic Fibrosis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dehydration & Fever

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Eczema (Infantile or Childhood) / Atopic Dermatitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Enuresis / Bedwetting

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Epiglottitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Fluid Volume Deficit

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hemophilia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hydrocephalus

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Imperforate Anus

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impetigo

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infective Conjunctivitis / Pink Eye

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Influenza

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Marfan Syndrome

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meningitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mumps

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neural Tube Defect, Spina Bifida

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Omphalocele

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Otitis Media / Acute Otitis Media (AOM)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pediculosis Capitis / Head Lice

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pertussis / Whooping Cough

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Reye’s Syndrome

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rheumatic Fever

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rubeola – Measles

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Scoliosis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tonsillitis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Varicella / Chickenpox

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Vomiting / Diarrhea

Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Autism Spectrum Disorder

Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma

Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects

Ocular Infections (Conjunctivitis, Iritis) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Opioid Analgesics

Pancrelipase (Pancreaze) Nursing Considerations

Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Dysfunction – Diarrhea

Pediatric Oncology Basics

Pediatrics Course Introduction

Pediculosis Capitis

Pertussis – Whooping Cough

Phenylketonuria

Phenytoin (Dilantin) Nursing Considerations

Platelets (PLT) Lab Values

Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)

Pulmonary Function Test

Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values

Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)

Reye’s Syndrome

Reyes Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)

Rheumatic Fever

ROME – ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation

Rubeola – Measles

Salmeterol (Serevent) Nursing Considerations

Selegiline (Eldepyrl) Nursing Considerations

Sickle Cell Anemia

Spina Bifida – Neural Tube Defect (NTD)

Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)

Stoma Care (Colostomy bag)

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)

Thorax and Lungs Assessment

Topical Medications

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)

Transient Incontinence – Common Causes Nursing Mnemonic (P-DIAPERS)

Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)

Umbilical Hernia

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Measles, Mumps, Pertussis, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Varicella – Chickenpox

Varicella Case Study (Peds) (30 min)

Vitals (VS) and Assessment

White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)

Emotions and Motivation

Growth & Development Theories

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing

Psychological Disorders

State of Consciousness

Stress and Crisis

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