Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
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Outline
Overview
- Overview
- Bacterial agents
- Types
- Norfloxacin (Noroxin)
- Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
- Gatifloxacin (Tequin)
- Gemifloxacin (Factive)
- Mechanism of Action
- Destroy bacteria by altering their DNA
- Kill gram – / gram + organisms
- Indications
- Urinary tract infections
- Respiratory infections / Pneumonia
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Bone and joint infections
- Prostate infections
- Contraindications
- Drug allergy
- Cardiac function
- Dysrhythmias
- Interactions
- Antacids
- Iron
- Zinc preparations
- Sucralfate
- Magnesium / Calcium
- Oral anticoagulants
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Transcript
Hey there, and today’s we are going to discuss fluoroquinolones, which are a certain type of antibiotic class.
Alright, let’s review. Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal, meaning that these antibiotics KILL bacteria. They don’t simply suppress bacterial reproduction.
Fluoroquinolones all end in -FLOXACIN, which is an easy way to remember this drug class.
The mechanism of action that causes these antibiotics to work is related to their ability to alter bacterial DNA. Fluoroquinolones are used to treat gram +/- organisms.
Indications for fluoroquinolones include urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, sexually transmitted infections, bone/joint infections and prostate infections. The top three indications can be remember by URS.
Contraindications for fluoroquinolones include drug allergy and cardiac dysrhythmias. If your patient has a past medical history of ventricular tachycardia, for example, this drug wouldn’t be a good choice. Any cardiac dysrhythmia history would be a concern regarding this antibiotic use.
Some other medications that can Interact with fluoroquinolones include sucralfate, antacids, iron, magnesium, calcium, oral anticoagulants and zinc preparations. An easy way to remember these is SAIMOZ.
Psychiatric side effects for fluoroquinolones include depression and anxiety.
Sensation and muscle side effects for fluoroquinolones include sensation changes and swelling, pain and tendon rupture. There isn’t a definitive reason, researchers speculate it can be linked to mitochondrial damage, likely oxidative stress.
Cardiovascular side effects for fluoroquinolones include aortic tear and rupture. Signs and symptoms include sudden, severe chest pain, hypotension, flank or back pain. These patients often die before they are able to seek surgical intervention.
Endocrine side effects for fluoroquinolones include hypoglycemia. If your patient has a baseline of hypoglycemia, this will exacerbate their condition.
Priority nursing concepts for fluoroquinolones include pharmacology and infection control.
Alright let’s review fluoroquinolones. These antibiotics end in -FLOXACIN. Top three indications can be remembered by URS (urine, respiratory and sexual transmitted infections). Contraindications include drug allergies and cardiac dysrhythmias. This drug class has many interactions, which can be remembered by SAIMOZ (sucralfate, antacids, iron, magnesium/calcium, oral anticoagulants and zinc preparations). Lastly side effects include – depression and anxiety / sensation changes and swelling, pain and tendon rupture / aortic tear and rupture / hypoglycemia.
You know now the important details regarding fluoroquinolones. Now, go out and be your best self today and as always, Happy Nursing!
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Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Imperforate Anus
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impetigo
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Infective Conjunctivitis / Pink Eye
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Influenza
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Marfan Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meningitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mumps
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neural Tube Defect, Spina Bifida
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Omphalocele
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Otitis Media / Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pediculosis Capitis / Head Lice
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pertussis / Whooping Cough
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Reye’s Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rheumatic Fever
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rubeola – Measles
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Scoliosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tonsillitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Varicella / Chickenpox
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Vomiting / Diarrhea
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Autism Spectrum Disorder
Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Ocular Infections (Conjunctivitis, Iritis) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Omphalocele
Opioid Analgesics
Pancrelipase (Pancreaze) Nursing Considerations
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Dysfunction – Diarrhea
Pediatric Oncology Basics
Pediatrics Course Introduction
Pediculosis Capitis
Pertussis – Whooping Cough
Phenylketonuria
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Nursing Considerations
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pneumonia
Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)
Pulmonary Function Test
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Reye’s Syndrome
Reyes Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)
Rheumatic Fever
ROME – ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation
Rubeola – Measles
Salmeterol (Serevent) Nursing Considerations
Scoliosis
Selegiline (Eldepyrl) Nursing Considerations
Sickle Cell Anemia
Spina Bifida – Neural Tube Defect (NTD)
Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)
Stoma Care (Colostomy bag)
Strabismus
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Thorax and Lungs Assessment
Tonsillitis
Topical Medications
Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)
Transient Incontinence – Common Causes Nursing Mnemonic (P-DIAPERS)
Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)
Umbilical Hernia
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Measles, Mumps, Pertussis, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Varicella – Chickenpox
Varicella Case Study (Peds) (30 min)
Vitals (VS) and Assessment
Vomiting
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
X-Ray (Xray)
ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)
Emotions and Motivation
Growth & Development Theories
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Psychological Disorders
State of Consciousness
Stress and Crisis