Strabismus

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Ashley Powell
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Strabismus (Image)
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Outline

Overview

  1. Lack of coordination between extraocular muscles resulting in inability to direct both eyes at the same point.  Often referred to as “cross-eyed”.

Nursing Points

General

  1. Normal finding in infant but should not be present after 4 months of life.
  2. Treatment should occur as early as possible to avoid lifelong visual problems.

Assessment

  1. Eyes crossed
  2. Poor depth perception
  3. Squinting of eyes and tilting of head
  4. Binocular vision is lost without treatment

Therapeutic Management

  1. Eyeglasses
  2. Vision therapy
  3. Surgery
  4. Combination therapy:
    1. Wearing an eye patch on the good eye will help strengthen the weak eye.

Nursing Concepts

  1. Sensory Perception

Patient Education

  1. Eye patch should be worn on the good eye

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Transcript

Hey guys, in this lesson we are going to talk about strabismus or what is often referred to as being “cross eyed” .

When a person or child has strabismus there is a lack of coordination between the muscles around the eyes. This results in the child not being able to focus both eyes on the same object at the same time. This is called lack of binocularity and can result in double vision, blurry vision and poor depth perception. Over time, if untreated the brain will learn to ignore the eye that isn’t focusing. When this happens you end up with amblyopia or what is often called a lazy eye. To prevent this from happening strabismus needs to be treated by the time a child is 4-6 years old.

The first thing noticed during assessment of a child with strabismus is that their eyes may appear crossed or not working in a coordinated way. Because of this lack of focus they will have double or blurred vision and poor depth perception. To compensate for this the child may squint their eyes or tilt their head to try and get a better focus on what they are looking at.

So, first things first, these kids need a full eye exam. This won’t likely fall to you as the RN, but could if you go on to train as a nurse practitioner. Tests use to further investigate for strabismus are the corneal light reflex test, and the cover test.

The first step to help treat the strabismus is to give the weaker eye a chance to get stronger and the way this is done is to put an eye patch over the stronger eye for a certain number of hours per day to let the weak eye learn to focus and take over.

Vision therapy is also used to help strengthen the eye muscles and teach the eyes to work together and it’s basically just like physical therapy for the eyes.

If these things don’t work then the child may need to have surgery to either loosen or tighten the muscles that are causing the problems.

Your priority nursing concepts for a pediatric patient with strabismus are sensory perception and human development.
Okay guys, lets go over the key points for this lesson! When a child has strabismus their eyes aren’t able to focus together on an object. This can lead to the eyes appearing crossed and the patient will experience double vision and have poor depth perception. The first step in treating this is to place an eye patch over the good eye to help the weaker eye get stronger. If this doesn’t work the child may need surgery. It’s super important to get this treated by 4-6 years to prevent amblyopia or lazy eye- where the brain basically permanently learns to ignore the weak, unfocused eye.

That’s it for our lesson on Strabismus in pediatric patients! Make sure you check out all the resources attached to this lesson. Now, go out and be your best self today. Happy Nursing!

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Alkalosis and Acidosis Nursing Mnemonic (Kick Up, Drop Down)
Blood Grouping
Blood Plasma
Blood Pressure (BP) Control
Breathing Control
Breathing Movements
Causes of Poor Gas Exchange Nursing Mnemonic (All People Can Value Lungs)
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Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)
Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)
Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)
Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)
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Renal (Kidney) Acid-Base Balance
Respiratory Functions of Blood
Tonicity of Solutions – Live Tutoring Archive
Trach Suctioning
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Medication Errors
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Montelukast (Singulair) Nursing Considerations
Mood Stabilizers
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Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy
SubQ Injections
The SOCK Method – Overview
Introduction to Metabolism
Anti-Infective – Antifungals
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Hb (Hepatitis) Vaccine
Infection or Inflammation? The Quick & Dirty on CBCs – Live Tutoring Archive
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Tonicity of Solutions – Live Tutoring Archive
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Child Abuse/Neglect – Warning Signs Nursing Mnemonic (CHILD ABUSE)
Communicable Diseases
Community Health Course Introduction
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Continuity of Care
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Acute Respiratory Distress
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Crush Injuries
Delegation of Tasks to Assistive Personnel for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Drugs for Bradycardia & Low Blood Pressure Nursing Mnemonic (IDEA)
Dysrhythmia Emergencies
EKG Basics – Live Tutoring Archive
Fall and Injury Prevention
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Pulmonary Embolism
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Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)
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Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)
Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)
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Aggressive & Violent Patients
Cultural Awareness and Influences on Development
Developmental Stages and Milestones
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Handling Death and Dying
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Overview of Childhood Growth & Development
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Growth and Development – Prenatal
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
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Abortion in Nursing: Spontaneous, Induced, and Missed
Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)
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Addicted Newborn
Antepartum Testing
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Causes of Labor Dystocia Nursing Mnemonic (Having Extremely Frustrating Labor)
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Day in the Life of a Labor Nurse
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OB Non-Stress Test Results Nursing Mnemonic (NNN)
Oxytocin (Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
Pediatric Vital Signs (VS)
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Possible Infections During Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (TORCH)
Preload and Afterload
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Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Spironolactone (Aldactone) Nursing Considerations
Stages of Fetal Development Nursing Mnemonic (Proficiently Expanding Fetus)
Terbutaline (Brethine) Nursing Considerations
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
VEAL CHOP Nursing Mnemonic (Fetal Accelerations and Decelerations) (VEAL CHOP)
Cardiac Terminology
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ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Acute Renal (Kidney) Module Intro
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Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
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Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)
Cardiac Stress Test
Cardiovascular Disorders (CVD) Module Intro
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Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)
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CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)
Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)
Coagulation Studies (PT, PTT, INR)
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Nursing Considerations
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COPD Concept Map
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Glaucoma
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Hearing Loss
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Heart (Cardiac) Sound Locations and Auscultation
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Hemodialysis (Renal Dialysis)
Heparin (Hep-Lock) Nursing Considerations
Hepatic Disorders (Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Portal Hypertension) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)
Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar Non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (FRIED)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (SWINE)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Hyperthermia (Thermoregulation)
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DIRE)
Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)
Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)
Hypoglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Cool and Clammy – Give ‘Em Candy)
Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypovolemic and Distributive Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (RAT BED)
Individualized Physical Assessments for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Informed Consent
Insulin Mnemonic (Ready, Set, Inject, Love)
Intake and Output (I&O)
Integumentary (Skin) Important Points
Interventions for Aphasia Nursing Mnemonic (PROP)
Intrarenal Causes of Acute Kidney Injury Nursing Mnemonic (TONIC)
Isoniazid (Niazid) Nursing Considerations
Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)
Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)
Losartan (Cozaar) Nursing Considerations
Macular Degeneration
Malignant Hyperthermia
Management of Pressure Ulcers (Pressure Injuries) Nursing Mnemonic (SKIN)
Management of Glomerulonephritis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Help Deliver Diuretics)
Mechanical Aids
Medication Classess for IBD Nursing Mnemonic (Sometimes I Can’t Answer)
Medications to Prevent Seizures Nursing Mnemonic (Pretty Little Liars Forever)
Meniere’s Disease
Metabolic Acidosis (interpretation and nursing diagnosis)
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Nursing Considerations
Mobility & Assistive Devices
Montelukast (Singulair) Nursing Considerations
Myocardial Infarction Nursing Mnemonic (MONATAS)
Naproxen (Aleve) Nursing Considerations
Neurogenic Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cholecystitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cirrhosis (Liver Disease, Hepatic encephalopathy, Portal Hypertension, Esophageal Varices)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Compartment Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cushings Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Distributive Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Epididymitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hepatitis (Liver Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Simplex (HSV, STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hyperthyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypothyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Osteomyelitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rhabdomyolysis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sepsis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for SIRS & MODS
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Tuberculosis (TB)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Endocarditis and Pericarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Addison’s Disease (Primary Adrenal Insufficiency)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aspiration
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchoscopy (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Emphysema
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Enuresis / Bedwetting
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Risk for Fall
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skin cancer – Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Spinal Cord Injury
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thoracentesis (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombophlebitis / Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombocytopenia
Nursing Care Plan for Amputation
Nursing Care Plan for Compartment Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan for Distributive Shock
Nursing Case Study for Pneumonia
Nursing Case Study for Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Oncology Important Points
Oxygen Delivery Module Intro
Pain and Nonpharmacological Comfort Measures
Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)
Patient Consent for Treatment for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Patient Communication Techniques for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patients with Communication Difficulties
Perioperative Nursing Course Introduction
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Pneumonia Concept Map
PPE Donning & Doffing
Pressure Ulcers/Pressure injuries (Braden scale)
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Nursing Considerations
Pulmonary edema treatment Nursing Mnemonic (MAD DOG)
Sepsis Concept Map
Sepsis Labs
Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)
Specialty Diets (Nutrition)
Stages of Hepatitis Nursing Mnemonic (PIP)
Strabismus
Stroke Assessment (CVA)
TB Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (RIPE)
The Medical Team
Thrombolytics
Toxicity Sepsis- Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 T’s)
Trach Care
Traction – Nursing Care Nursing Mnemonic (TRACTION)
Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)
Types of Anemia Nursing Mnemonic (Always Introduce Special Patients)
Understanding Blood Pressure Meds! – Live Tutoring Archive
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Measles, Mumps, Pertussis, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)
Vasopressin
Warfarin (Coumadin) Nursing Considerations
Who Needs Dialysis Nursing Mnemonic (AEIOU)
Wound Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)