Acute vs Chronic

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Jon Haws
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So, another testing strategy, and this one’s is not so much a strategy, as more kinda like a heads up, like a warning sign, like I wanna give you guys this as a cautionary advice and I wanna make sure you understand that you’re gonna see this and kinda how to recognize these types of questions. This comes down to acute versus chronic. You’re gonna get a lot of these questions because they’re gonna wanna understand can you tell the difference between acute and chronic? And now, when this comes into play, guys, what you need to understand more than anything is that ‘Content is King.’ Okay, and they just really wanna know, can you identify the difference between acute symptoms and chronic symptoms. And what would generally happen guys, is if you get a question that’s asking about acute renal failure, one of the options will likely be chronic renal failure. So, if it’s like what are the symptoms of acute renal failure? Select all that applied. One or a couple of the options are going to be about chronic renal failure. Okay, so, it’s really important that you understand how to kind of identify these things, identify which one is going to indicate chronic or which one is going to indicate acute. And you gotta limit all this chronic ones, okay. So, this isn’t so much a tip, because, right, I can’t just tell you then you can go and apply this to every question and just eliminate everything that’s not acute or that’s not chronic. What I want you to do is I want you to focus your studies on identifying symptoms. Okay, and now you can’t, you know, that might seem intimidating. You can’t learn all symptoms. You can’t learn all acute and all chronic symptoms. But like we talk, you know, cirrhosis, you know, or, liver failure, you know, we can, we know there’s several phases of liver failure, there’s several phases of renal failure. And so, it’s just really important that you identify the key attributes of those. What are the main cardiovascular, neuro, respiratory changes? So, I want you to focus on those 3 systems. What are the main cardiovasular, respiratory and neurological changes? And then, what are any kind of odd changes? You know, what’s some odd change you’re gonna see, like, with Cushing’s, you’re gonna see buffalo hump, you know, that’s odd, that’s different. That’s something you’re not gonna see with other things. You’re gonna see, you know, the bulging eyes. And so, really identifying those very key differences when you’re studying acute versus chronic symptoms and then also focusing on the major body systems, okay. So, tachycardia versus bradycardia, and really, identifying which one is acute, which one is chronic for all these disease symptoms. So, as you’re going to your peds, as you’re going through your cardiac, as you’re going through your mental health, any system, I really want you to focus on learning acute versus chronic symptoms and understanding that you can’t learn them all. And so, that’s what we really kind of try to incorporate into the courses is how to help you make sense of what you need to know. Okay, why are you gonna see the buffalo hump? You know, why are you gonna have hypernatremia or hyponatremia, etc? Why are you gonna have bradycardia? You know, is it a sympathetic stimulation or is it’s gonna cause this tachycardia and other symptoms, you know. And that’s really what you need to do as you’re studying these things, okay. So, some ways you’re gonna see that guys, you’re gonna see that written for example as like acute versus chronic. What are the acute symptoms? What are the chronic symptoms? You might see that written in short term versus long term. You might see that written as early signs versus late signs. Okay, so, really, as you’re studying, as you’re watching the videos here in the NRSNG academy, as you’re studying, as you’re preparing for a test, take out a sheet of paper and simply write down the middle, Acute, Chronic, Cardiac, Respiratory, Neuro, and then like identifying features. Okay, and just writing out all the signs and symptoms of those bodies, of that disease process in the acute phase, in the chronic phase, and then also what are like key identifying signs or symptoms of that disease process? In the acute phase, in the chronic phase. Alright guys, I really want you to focus on this one. This one, like I said, it’s not really necessarily a testing strategy that you can go take this and like apply to some questions, rather, this is kinda giving you this kind of a study tip, something that’s really gonna help you as you’re focusing on those acute versus chronic signs and symptoms and how to really do it. Alright guys, hope that helps.

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Concepts Covered:

  • Cardiac Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Trauma
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
  • Oncology Disorders
  • EENT Disorders
  • Respiratory Disorders
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Communication
  • Test Taking Strategies
  • Pregnancy Risks
  • Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
  • Concepts of Mental Health
  • Basics of NCLEX
  • Prioritization
  • Emotions and Motivation
  • Tissues and Glands
  • Skeletal System
  • Muscular System
  • Nervous System
  • Sensory System
  • Circulatory System
  • Hematologic System
  • Respiratory System
  • Digestive System
  • Urinary System
  • Endocrine System
  • Reproductive System
  • Labor Complications
  • Disorders of Pancreas
  • Eating Disorders
  • Neurological Emergencies
  • Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Vascular Disorders
  • Upper GI Disorders
  • Lower GI Disorders
  • Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
  • Urinary Disorders
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • Female Reproductive Disorders
  • Renal Disorders
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Integumentary Important Points
  • Immunological Disorders
  • Shock
  • Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Neurological Trauma
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
  • Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
  • Respiratory Emergencies
  • Infectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Oncologic Disorders
  • Studying
  • Cardiovascular Disorders
  • Basic
  • Adult
  • Pediatric
  • Neonatal
  • Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
  • Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
  • Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient

Study Plan Lessons

The 5-Minute Assessment (Physical assessment)
General Assessment (Physical assessment)
Integumentary (Skin) Assessment
Neuro Assessment
Head/Neck Assessment
EENT Assessment
Heart (Cardiac) and Great Vessels Assessment
Thorax and Lungs Assessment
Abdomen (Abdominal) Assessment
Lymphatic Assessment
Peripheral Vascular Assessment
Musculoskeletal Assessment
Genitourinary (GU) Assessment
Communicating with Patients
SATA
Absolute Words
Nursing Process
What do you want me to know?
Duplicate Facts
Repeating Words
Denying Feelings
NCLEX® Question Traps
Opposites
Same
Priority
Acute vs Chronic
Hierarchy of O2 Delivery
Nutrition Assessments
Abuse
Therapeutic Communication
Nurse-Patient Relationship
Thinking Like a Nurse
Critical Thinking
Prioritization
Triage
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Overview of the Nursing Process
Skin Structure & Function
Skeletal Anatomy
Bone Structure
Development of Bones
Joints
Muscle Anatomy (anatomy and physiology)
Muscle Cytology
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle Contraction
Muscle Physiology
Nervous System Anatomy
Membrane Potentials
Nerve Transmission
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Spinal Cord
Cranial Nerves
Sensory Basics
Intro to Circulatory System
The Heart
Cardiac Cycle
Electrical Activity in the Heart
Cardiac (Heart) Physiology
Blood Vessels
Blood Pressure (BP) Control
Blood Plasma
Blood Grouping
Vessels & Fluid
Respiratory Structure & Function
Breathing Movements
Breathing Control
Respiratory Functions of Blood
Digestive System Anatomy
Mouth & Oropharynx
Esophagus
Stomach Video
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Liver & Gallbladder
Urinary System Anatomy (Anatomy and Physiology)
Renal (Kidney) Structure & Function
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Formation & Excretion of Urine
Renal (Kidney) Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
Renal (Kidney) Acid-Base Balance
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Adrenal Gland
Pancreas
Male Reproductive Anatomy (Anatomy and Physiology)
Female Reproductive Anatomy (Anatomy and Physiology)
Epithelial (Skin) Tissues
Types of Epithelial (Skin) Tissue
Glands
Connective Tissues
Membranes
Fluid Compartments
Fluid Pressures
Fluid Shifts (Ascites) (Pleural Effusion)
Isotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Potassium-K (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia)
Sodium-Na (Hypernatremia, Hyponatremia)
Calcium-Ca (Hypercalcemia, Hypocalcemia)
Chloride-Cl (Hyperchloremia, Hypochloremia)
Magnesium-Mg (Hypomagnesemia, Hypermagnesemia)
Phosphorus-Phos
Heart (Cardiac) Sound Locations and Auscultation
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hemorrhagic Stroke (CVA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Aortic Aneurysm
Venous Disorders (Chronic venous insufficiency, Deep venous thrombosis/DVT)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pancreatitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Diverticulosis – Diverticulitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hemorrhoids
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Appendicitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cholecystitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hepatitis (Liver Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cirrhosis (Liver Disease, Hepatic encephalopathy, Portal Hypertension, Esophageal Varices)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Syphilis (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Simplex (HSV, STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Menopause
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis
Pressure Ulcers/Pressure injuries (Braden scale)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Skin Cancer
Integumentary (Skin) Important Points
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Breast Cancer
Diabetes Management
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sepsis
Fluid Volume Deficit
Fluid Volume Overload
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Compartment Syndrome
Fractures
Casting & Splinting
Impulse Transmission
Cerebral Metabolism
Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)
Levels of Consciousness (LOC)
Routine Neuro Assessments
Adjunct Neuro Assessments
Brain Death v. Comatose
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Myasthenia Gravis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Parkinsons
Miscellaneous Nerve Disorders
Tension and Cluster Headaches
Migraines
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Ischemic Stroke (CVA)
Stroke Assessment (CVA)
Stroke Therapeutic Management (CVA)
Stroke Nursing Care (CVA)
Seizure Causes (Epilepsy, Generalized)
Seizure Assessment
Seizure Therapeutic Management
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Seizure
Neurological Fractures
Spinal Cord Injury
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Influenza (Flu)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Tuberculosis (TB)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Pneumonia
Isolation Precautions (MRSA, C. Difficile, Meningitis, Pertussis, Tuberculosis, Neutropenia)
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Nursing Care and General Information
Artificial Airways
Airway Suctioning
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pneumothorax & Hemothorax
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Embolism
Lung Sounds
Alveoli & Atelectasis
Gas Exchange
Wound Care – Assessment
Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)
Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)
Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)
Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)
Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)
Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)
Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)
CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)
Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)
Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)
Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)
Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)
Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)
Digestion & Absorption
Nutrition-related Diseases
CPR-BLS (Basic Life Support)
Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS)
Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)
Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP)
Prioritizing Assessments
Triage in the ER
Critical Incident Management
Aggressive & Violent Patients
Legal & Ethical Issues in ER
EMTALA & Transfers
Trauma Survey
Blunt Thoracic Trauma
Penetrating Thoracic Trauma
Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma
Crush Injuries
Head Trauma & Traumatic Brain Injury
Massive Transfusion Protocol
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Aneurysm & Dissection
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Dysrhythmia Emergencies
Heart (Heart) Failure Exacerbation
Hypertensive Emergency
Arterial Pressure Monitoring
Rapid Sequence Intubation
Pulmonary Embolism
Acute Respiratory Distress
Ventilator Settings
Acute Confusion
Intracranial Hemorrhage
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Stroke (CVA) Management in the ER
Seizure Management in the ER
Sodium and Potassium Imbalance for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)