Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Included In This Lesson
Study Tools For Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Outline
Mr. Jones, a 69-year old male, presents to the Emergency Department (ED) after visiting his primary physician complaining of general fatigue for 4 days, shortness of breath, and abdominal discomfort. Mr. Jones’s medical history includes hypertension and coronary artery disease. He had a previous 90% LAD blockage and 50% RCA blockage with stent placements in both.
What initial nursing assessments need to be performed for Mr. Jones?
What diagnostic tests do you anticipate being ordered by the provider?
Upon further assessment, the patient has crackles bilaterally and tachycardia. A chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly and bilateral pulmonary edema. An ECG revealed atrial fibrillation. His vital signs were as follows:
BP 150/72 mmHg Urine Yellow and Cloudy
HR 102-123 bpm and irregular BUN 17 mg/dL
RR 24-32 bpm Cr 1.2 mg/dL
Temp 37.3°C H/H 11.8 g/dL / 36.2%
Ht 175 cm LDH 705 U/L
Wt 79 kg ** BNP 843 pg/mL
Mr. Jones was admitted to the cardiac telemetry unit.
Mr. Jones states that this weight is approximately 3 kg more than it was 3 days ago.
What is the significance of Mr. Jones' weight gain?
What medications do you anticipate the provider ordering for Mr. Jones? Why?
About three hours after admission to the telemetry unit, Mr. Jones’s skin becomes cool and clammy. His respirations are labored and he is complaining of abdominal pain. Upon physical examination, Mr. Jones is diaphoretic and gasping for air, with jugular venous distension, bilateral crackles, and an expiratory wheeze. His SpO2 is 88% on room air and it was noted that his urine output had been approximately 20 mL/hr since admission. His BP is 190/100 mmHg, HR 130 bpm and irregular, RR 43 bpm.
What nursing interventions should you perform right away for Mr. Jones?
Describe what is happening to Mr. Jones physiologically.
What medications should be given to decrease Mr. Jones’s preload? Improve his contractility? Decrease his afterload?
Mr. Jones was transferred to the CCU for hemodynamic monitoring and aggressive therapy. His Central Venous Pressure (CVP) was found to be 19 mmHg, Cardiac Output was 4.5 L/min, Cardiac Index was 2.3 L/min/m2. He has been placed in high-fowler’s position, and his SpO2 is now 96% on 4L nasal cannula. Mr. Jones received Furosemide 80 mg IV and Digoxin 0.5 mg IV.
What is the expected outcome of administration of Furosemide? Digoxin?
References
Melander, S. (2004). Case studies in critical care nursing: A guide for application and review, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier.
Tiona RN
Concepts Covered:
- Studying
- Medication Administration
- Adult
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Microbiology
- Cardiac Disorders
- Vascular Disorders
- Nervous System
- Upper GI Disorders
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Immunological Disorders
- Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
- Dosage Calculations
- Understanding Society
- Circulatory System
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Hematologic Disorders
- Newborn Care
- Adulthood Growth and Development
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Postoperative Nursing
- Pregnancy Risks
- Neurological
- Postpartum Complications
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Learning Pharmacology
- Prenatal Concepts
- Tissues and Glands
- Developmental Considerations
- Factors Influencing Community Health
- Childhood Growth and Development
- Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
- Developmental Theories
- Basic
- Neonatal
- Pediatric
- Gastrointestinal
- Newborn Complications
- Labor Complications
- Fetal Development
- Terminology
- Labor and Delivery
- Postpartum Care
- Communication
- Basics of Mathematics
- Statistics
- Basics of Sociology
- Cardiovascular
- Shock
- Shock
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Endocrine
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Lower GI Disorders
- Respiratory
- Delegation
- Perioperative Nursing Roles
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Respiratory Emergencies
- Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
- Documentation and Communication
- Preoperative Nursing
- Legal and Ethical Issues
- Oncology Disorders
- Female Reproductive Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Renal Disorders
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Integumentary Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Urinary Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Neurological Emergencies
- Disorders of Thermoregulation
- Neurological Trauma
- Basics of NCLEX
- Integumentary Important Points
- Multisystem
- Test Taking Strategies
- Urinary System
- Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
- Respiratory System
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Cognitive Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Depressive Disorders
- Trauma-Stress Disorders
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders
- Psychotic Disorders
- Concepts of Mental Health
- Eating Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Health & Stress
- Psychological Emergencies
- Somatoform Disorders
- Prioritization
- Community Health Overview
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Respiratory Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Renal and Urinary Disorders
- Infectious Disease Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Hematologic Disorders
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Oncologic Disorders
- Behavior
- Emotions and Motivation
- Growth & Development
- Intelligence and Language
- Psychological Disorders
- State of Consciousness
- Note Taking
- Concepts of Population Health
- Basics of Human Biology