Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis

Included In This Lesson
Study Tools For Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis
Outline
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gastritis
Lesson Objective for Gastritis Nursing Care Plan:
This care plan for Gastritis is designed to guide nurses in managing patients with gastritis. It covers the essentials of pathophysiology, etiology, patient assessment, diagnosis, and interventions, ensuring a comprehensive understanding and effective management of the condition.
Pathophysiology for Gastritis
Gastritis is the inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach. It can be acute or chronic and can occur for various reasons. In gastritis, the stomach lining becomes weakened, and the protective mucus that shields the stomach tissue from acidic digestive juices is reduced, leading to damage and inflammation of the stomach walls.
- Analogy for Gastritis
- Think of your stomach lining as a non-stick coating on a frying pan. Normally, this coating protects the pan, letting you cook food without it sticking or burning. In gastritis, it’s like this non-stick coating has started to wear off or get damaged.
- When the protective layer is compromised, cooking even simple foods can lead to sticking and burning, which damages the pan more. Similarly, when the protective lining of your stomach is weakened or inflamed (like the damaged coating on the pan), stomach acids start to irritate and damage the stomach wall. This can cause discomfort, pain, and other symptoms associated with gastritis.
- Just as you’d take care of a damaged frying pan by cooking on lower heat or using gentler utensils, managing gastritis involves taking steps to reduce irritation to your stomach, like eating non-spicy foods, avoiding alcohol, and possibly using medications to reduce acid production.
Etiology for Gastritis
Causes of gastritis vary and can include:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection:
- A common bacterial infection that can lead to ulcers and chronic gastritis.
- Use of NSAIDs:
- Long-term use or high doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can irritate or inflame the stomach lining.
- Alcohol Consumption:
- Excessive alcohol can irritate the mucous lining of the stomach.
- Stress:
- Severe stress due to major surgery, injury, burns, or severe infections can contribute to acute gastritis.
- Autoimmune Disorders:
- The body’s immune system attacking the stomach lining.
- Other Causes:
- Include bile reflux, infections other than H. pylori, and certain diseases and conditions.
Desired Outcomes for Gastritis
- Patient reports alleviation of symptoms, including reduced abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Patient demonstrates lifestyle changes to mitigate risk factors.
- Prevention or minimization of complications like ulcers or stomach bleeding.
Subjective Data for Gastritis
- Reports of upper abdominal discomfort or pain.
- Nausea and occasional vomiting.
- Feelings of fullness or burning in the stomach.
- Loss of appetite.
Objective Data for Gastritis
- Gastroscopy findings indicating inflammation of the stomach lining.
- Presence of H. pylori in biopsy or breath test.
- Signs of dehydration or malnutrition in chronic cases.
Assessment for Gastritis
- Symptom Assessment:
- Evaluate the intensity, duration, and triggers of symptoms.
- Dietary and Lifestyle Factors:
- Identify habits that may exacerbate gastritis, like NSAID use, alcohol consumption, and diet.
- Risk for Complications:
- Monitor for signs of bleeding, perforation, or ulcer formation.
Nursing Diagnosis for Gastritis
- Acute Pain related to inflammation of the stomach lining.
- Imbalanced Nutrition:
- Less Than Body Requirements related to reduced food intake due to pain and nausea.
- Knowledge Deficit related to disease process, treatment, and prevention strategies.
Nursing Interventions and Rationales for Gastritis
- Pain Management: Administer prescribed medications (antacids, H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors) to reduce gastric acidity and pain.
- Rationale: These medications help neutralize or reduce stomach acid, providing symptomatic relief.
- Monitor Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Encourage oral fluid intake and administer IV fluids as prescribed.
- Rationale: To prevent dehydration and maintain electrolyte balance.
- Dietary Management: Advise small, frequent meals and avoidance of irritant foods (spicy, acidic, or fried foods).
- Rationale: This helps reduce gastric irritation and manage symptoms.
- Patient Education: Educate the patient about the importance of medication adherence, dietary modifications, and avoiding NSAIDs and alcohol.
- Rationale: Understanding these factors can prevent exacerbation of symptoms and promote healing.
- Stress Management: Encourage relaxation techniques and, if necessary, refer to a counselor or psychologist.
- Rationale: Stress can exacerbate gastritis, and managing it is crucial for recovery.
Evaluation for Gastritis
- Symptom Improvement:
- Regularly assess for a decrease in symptoms such as pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Dietary Adherence:
- Evaluate the patient’s adherence to dietary recommendations and its impact on symptoms.
- Patient Understanding:
- Assess the patient’s understanding of the condition, treatment plan, and lifestyle modifications to prevent recurrence.
References:
- NURSING.com – Gastritis
- Mayo Clinic – Gastritis
- NIH.gov – Gastritis
Example Nursing Diagnosis For Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis
- Acute Pain related to inflammation of the stomach lining.
- Imbalanced Nutrition:
- Less Than Body Requirements related to reduced food intake due to pain and nausea.
- Knowledge Deficit related to disease process, treatment, and prevention strategies.
NCLEX
Concepts Covered:
- Circulatory System
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Cardiac Disorders
- Cardiovascular
- Shock
- Shock
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Endocrine
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Hematology
- Gastrointestinal
- Upper GI Disorders
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Newborn Complications
- Lower GI Disorders
- Multisystem
- Neurological
- Nervous System
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Renal
- Respiratory
- Urinary System
- Respiratory System
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Test Taking Strategies
- Note Taking
- Basics of NCLEX
- Prefixes
- Suffixes
- Medication Administration
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Respiratory Disorders
- Pregnancy Risks
- Labor Complications
- Hematologic Disorders
- Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
- Factors Influencing Community Health
- Delegation
- Perioperative Nursing Roles
- EENT Disorders
- Basics of Chemistry
- Adult
- Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Respiratory Emergencies
- Studying
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
- Behavior
- Documentation and Communication
- Preoperative Nursing
- Endocrine System
- Legal and Ethical Issues
- Communication
- Understanding Society
- Immunological Disorders
- Infectious Disease Disorders
- Oncology Disorders
- Female Reproductive Disorders
- Fetal Development
- Terminology
- Anxiety Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Tissues and Glands
- Vascular Disorders
- Renal Disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Prenatal Concepts
- Microbiology
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Depressive Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Psychotic Disorders
- Trauma-Stress Disorders
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Newborn Care
- Basics of Mathematics
- Statistics
- Labor and Delivery
- Proteins
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Hematologic System
- Hematologic Disorders
- Developmental Considerations
- Skeletal System
- Digestive System
- Urinary Disorders
- Postpartum Care
- Basic
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders
- Metabolism
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Concepts of Population Health
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Postpartum Complications
- Basics of Human Biology
- Postoperative Nursing
- Neurological Emergencies
- Prioritization
- Disorders of Thermoregulation
- Writing
- Community Health Overview
- Dosage Calculations
- Neurological Trauma
- Concepts of Mental Health
- Health & Stress
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Childhood Growth and Development
- Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Integumentary Important Points
- Emotions and Motivation
- Renal and Urinary Disorders
- Developmental Theories
- Reproductive System
- Adulthood Growth and Development
- Psychological Emergencies
- Growth & Development
- Basics of Sociology
- Somatoform Disorders
- Reading
- Intelligence and Language
- Oncologic Disorders
- Med Term Basic
- Med Term Whole
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
- Muscular System
- Neonatal
- Learning Pharmacology
- Pediatric
- Psychological Disorders
- State of Consciousness
- Sensory System