Human Trafficking for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Included In This Lesson
Outline
Human Trafficking
Definition/Etiology:
- Recruitment, transport, harboring, or receipt of persons
- Threat or use of force
- Coercion, abduction, fraud, deception
- Abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability
- Giving or receiving of payments or benefits
- Having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation
- Sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery, or the removal of organs
United Nations International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates:
- 40 million adults in modern day slavery
- 15 million in forced marriage
- Women and girls were disproportionately affected (71 percent of total)
- 152 million children, aged 5 to 17 years, were in forced labor around the world
Pathophysiology:
Risk factors:
- Girls 12-16 years at greatest risk
- LGBTQ
- Poverty
- Racial/ethnic minority
- Rural
- Lack of education
- Migrants
- Displaced by conflict or natural disasters
- Indigenous peoples
- Prior sexual abuse
Clinical Presentation:
Signs of trafficking:
- Cannot provide address when asked
- Inappropriate clothing for weather
- Inconsistent history
- Mechanism of injury described does not match injury
- Stated age is older than appearance
- Accompanied by older unrelated adult
- Poor hygiene, dentition
- Signs of substance abuse, e.g. tracks, tooth decay from gumline
- Recurrent sexually transmitted infections
- Delayed presentation for healthcare
Physical exam:
- Unexplained injuries or injuries in various stages of healing
- Burns and scarring
- Branding or tattoos, including symbols, numbers, or bar codes that indicate which individuals “belong” to which trafficker
- Strangulation injuries
- Dental and oral injuries
- Traumatic head injuries
- Genital trauma
- Implanted radiofrequency identification chips
- Occupational injuries not linked clearly to legitimate employment
Collaborative Management:
- Collaborate with social worker
- Utilize SANE as needed
- Try to get accompanying visitor out of the room so that patient can be interviewed alone
- National Human Trafficking Hotline 1-888-373-7888
Labs:
- Urinalysis, urine drug screen, HCG
- CBC, CMP
- Gonorrhea/Chlamydia swab
- RPR, HIV
Imaging: as per injury/illness
Evaluation | Patient Monitoring | Education:
- Reassure patient of safety
- Utilize police and security officers
- Preserve modesty
- Provide food, water, warmth
Linchpins: (Key Points)
- If it feels like something is amiss, consult a social worker.
- Preserve forensic evidence.
- Watch for inconsistencies.
- Provide safe, reassuring environment.
Transcript
For more great CEN prep, got to the link below to purchase the “Emergency Nursing Examination Review” book by Dr. Laura Gasparis Vonfrolio RN, PHD
https://greatnurses.com/
References:
- Tracy, E. E. (2021, August 19). Human trafficking: Identification and evaluation in the healthcare setting. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/human-trafficking-identification-and-evaluation-in-the-health-care-setting
NCLEX
Concepts Covered:
- Circulatory System
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Cardiac Disorders
- Cardiovascular
- Shock
- Shock
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Endocrine
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Hematology
- Gastrointestinal
- Upper GI Disorders
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Newborn Complications
- Lower GI Disorders
- Multisystem
- Neurological
- Nervous System
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Renal
- Respiratory
- Urinary System
- Respiratory System
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Test Taking Strategies
- Note Taking
- Basics of NCLEX
- Prefixes
- Suffixes
- Medication Administration
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Respiratory Disorders
- Pregnancy Risks
- Labor Complications
- Hematologic Disorders
- Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
- Factors Influencing Community Health
- Delegation
- Perioperative Nursing Roles
- EENT Disorders
- Basics of Chemistry
- Adult
- Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Respiratory Emergencies
- Studying
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
- Behavior
- Documentation and Communication
- Preoperative Nursing
- Endocrine System
- Legal and Ethical Issues
- Communication
- Understanding Society
- Immunological Disorders
- Infectious Disease Disorders
- Oncology Disorders
- Female Reproductive Disorders
- Fetal Development
- Terminology
- Anxiety Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Tissues and Glands
- Vascular Disorders
- Renal Disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Prenatal Concepts
- Microbiology
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Depressive Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Psychotic Disorders
- Trauma-Stress Disorders
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Newborn Care
- Basics of Mathematics
- Statistics
- Labor and Delivery
- Proteins
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Hematologic System
- Hematologic Disorders
- Developmental Considerations
- Skeletal System
- Digestive System
- Urinary Disorders
- Postpartum Care
- Basic
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders
- Metabolism
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Concepts of Population Health
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Postpartum Complications
- Basics of Human Biology
- Postoperative Nursing
- Neurological Emergencies
- Prioritization
- Disorders of Thermoregulation
- Writing
- Community Health Overview
- Dosage Calculations
- Neurological Trauma
- Concepts of Mental Health
- Health & Stress
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Childhood Growth and Development
- Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Integumentary Important Points
- Emotions and Motivation
- Renal and Urinary Disorders
- Developmental Theories
- Reproductive System
- Adulthood Growth and Development
- Psychological Emergencies
- Growth & Development
- Basics of Sociology
- Somatoform Disorders
- Reading
- Intelligence and Language
- Oncologic Disorders
- Med Term Basic
- Med Term Whole
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
- Muscular System
- Neonatal
- Learning Pharmacology
- Pediatric
- Psychological Disorders
- State of Consciousness
- Sensory System