Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides
You're watching a preview. 300,000+ students are watching the full lesson.
Included In This Lesson
NURSING.com students have a 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.
Outline
Overview
- Overview
A. Bacteriostatic agents
B. Gram + / – organisms
C. Types
1. Sulfonamides
2. Sulfisoxazole
3. Sulfamethizole
4. Sulfasalazine
5. Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)
6. Sulfadoxine / Pyrimethamine
7. Silver Sulfadiazine
8. Sulfanilamide
9. Sulfacetamide
II. II. Mechanism of Action
A. Preventing bacterial synthesis of folic acid
III. III. Indications
A. Plasmodium and Toxoplasma spp
B. Inflammatory bowel disease
C. Nocardiosis
D. Urinary tract infections
E. Malaria
F. Burns
G. Vaginitis
H. Ocular infections
IV. IV. Contraindications
A. Drug allergy
B. Porphyria
C. Pregnant women
D. Infants
V. V. Interactions
A. Sulfonylureas
B. Phenytoin
C. Warfarin
D. Cyclosporine
VI. VI. Side Effects
A. Hematological
1. Agranulocytosis
2. Aplastic anemia
3. Hemolytic anemia
4. Thrombocytopenia
B. Gastrointestinal
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Diarrhea
4. Pancreatitis
C. Integumentary
1. Epidermal necrolysis
2. Exfoliative dermatitis
3. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
4. Photosensitivity
D. Other
1. Convulsions
2. Crystalluria
3. Toxic nephrosis
4. Headache
5. Peripheral neuritis
6. Urticaria
Unlock the Complete Study System
Used by 300,000+ nursing students. 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.
- Full lesson outlines
- NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
- 6,500+ practice questions
- 2,000+ lesson videos
- 300+ cheatsheets
200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.
Transcript
Hey there, and today’s we are going to discuss sulfonamides, which are a certain type of antibiotic class.
Alright, quick overview. sulfonamides are bacteriostatic, meaning they stop bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them. The mechanism of action that causes these antibiotics to work is related to their ability to prevent the synthesis of folic acid – which is needed for cell growth. Sulfonamides are used to treat gram +/- organisms.
Sulfonamides all begin with SULF-, which is an easy way to remember this drug class.
Sulfonamides indications can be remembered as PINUMOBV, plasmodium / toxoplasma (parasites), IBD, nocardosis, UTI, malaria, ocular infections, burns and vaginitis.
Sulfonamides contraindications can be remembered by DIPP – drug allergy, infants (hyperbilirubinemia in neonates may cause kernicterus, porphyria – abnormalities in the chemical steps that lead to heme production), and pregnant women (as these drugs can cause birth defects).
Sulfonamides interactions include sulfonylurea, phenytoin, warfarin and cyclosporine. Interactions with warfarin cause increase in warfarin effects (SPWC).
Sulfonamides side effects are broken into four categories. The first one is hematologic and include – agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.
The second category is GI and include N/V/D and pancreatitis.
The third category is integumentary and includes epidermal necrolysis (which is widespread erythema, necrosis, and bullous detachment of the epidermis and mucous membranes, resulting in exfoliation and possible sepsis), exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (severe skin reaction) and photosensitivity.
The fourth and final category is other and includes – Convulsions, crystalluria, toxic nephrosis, headache, peripheral neuritis and urticaria.
Priority nursing concepts for sulfonamides include pharmacology and infection control.
Alright, let’s review, sulfonamides being with SULF-. Indications include plasmodium / toxoplasma (parasites), IBD, nocardosis, UTI, malaria, ocular infections, burns and vaginitis (PINUMOBV). Contraindications include drug allergy, infants, porphyria (POUR-FEAR-IA) and pregnant women (DIPP). Interactions include sulfonylurea, phenytoin, warfarin and cyclosporine (SPWC). Side effects are broken down into four categories – heme (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia) / GI (and include N/V/D and pancreatitis) / integumentary (epidermal necrolysis, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and photosensitivity / other (convulsions, crystalluria, toxic nephrosis, headache, peripheral neuritis and urticaria).
You know now the important details regarding sulfonamides. Now, go out and be your best self today and as always, Happy Nursing!
Study Faster with Full Video Transcripts
99.25% NCLEX Pass Rate vs 88.8% National Average
- Full lesson outlines
- NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
- 6,500+ practice questions
- 2,000+ lesson videos
- 300+ cheatsheets
200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.
Nursing School Doesn't Have To Be So Hard
Go from discouraged and stressed to motivated and passionate
pharm2
Concepts Covered:
- EENT Disorders
- Oncology Disorders
- Microbiology
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Vascular Disorders
- Cardiac Disorders
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Medication Administration
- Labor Complications
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Respiratory Disorders
- Shock
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Pregnancy Risks
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Adult
- Basics of Chemistry
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Neonatal
- Newborn Care
- Hematologic Disorders
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Nervous System
- Terminology
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Learning Pharmacology
- Integumentary Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Prenatal Concepts
- Postpartum Complications
- Labor and Delivery
- Dosage Calculations
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Depressive Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Upper GI Disorders
- Urinary Disorders
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Urinary System
- Immunological Disorders
- Prefixes
- Suffixes
- Test Taking Strategies