/
Midterm
/
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)

You're watching a preview. 300,000+ students are watching the full lesson.
Join Them - Free Trial
Miriam Wahrman
MSN/Ed,RNC-MNN
Master
To Master a topic you must score > 80% on the lesson quiz.
Take Quiz

Included In This Lesson

Study Tools
Outline
Transcript
Additional Lessons

Study Tools For Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)

Myocardial Infarction Interventions (Picmonic)
Myocardial Infarction Assessment (Picmonic)
Inferior MI (Cheatsheet)
Anterior MI (Cheatsheet)
NURSING.com students have a 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.
Join Them - Free Trial

Outline

Lesson Objective for Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)

 

  • Understand the Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction:
    • Identify the underlying mechanisms leading to myocardial infarction, including atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, and coronary artery occlusion.
    • Recognize the consequences of ischemia and necrosis on cardiac function.
  • Assessment and Diagnosis:
    • Learn the clinical manifestations of myocardial infarction, including chest pain, shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and nausea.
    • Understand the diagnostic criteria and laboratory tests used to confirm and assess the extent of myocardial infarction.
  • Pharmacological Interventions:
    • Explore the pharmacological treatments commonly used in managing myocardial infarction, such as antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, and thrombolytics.
    • Understand the rationale behind medication choices and potential side effects.
  • Cardiac Monitoring and Complication Prevention:
    • Comprehend the importance of continuous cardiac monitoring in the acute phase.
    • Learn strategies to prevent complications, such as arrhythmias, heart failure, and cardiogenic shock.
  • Patient Education and Rehabilitation:
    • Develop effective patient education strategies regarding medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and symptom recognition.
    • Emphasize the importance of cardiac rehabilitation and long-term management to prevent future events.

Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction 

 

  • Atherosclerosis Development:
    • Atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty plaques within coronary arteries, initiates the pathophysiological process.
    • Plaques consist of cholesterol, inflammatory cells, and other substances, leading to arterial narrowing and reduced blood flow.
  • Plaque Rupture or Erosion:
    • Plaques may rupture or erode, exposing the underlying tissue to the bloodstream.
    • This triggers platelet activation and aggregation, forming a blood clot (thrombus) at the site of rupture.
  • Coronary Artery Occlusion:
    • The formed thrombus can partially or completely occlude the coronary artery.
    • Occlusion results in reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the heart muscle (myocardium).
  • Ischemia and Myocardial Infarction:
    • The compromised blood supply causes myocardial ischemia (inadequate oxygenation) in the affected area.
    • If blood flow is not restored promptly, irreversible damage occurs, leading to myocardial infarction (death of heart muscle cells).
  • Inflammatory Response and Scar Formation:
    • Following myocardial infarction, an inflammatory response is initiated, involving immune cells.
    • Scar tissue forms in the damaged area as part of the healing process, but this tissue lacks the contractile properties of normal myocardium, impacting cardiac function.

 Etiology (Causes) of Myocardial Infarction

  • Atherosclerosis:
    • Primary cause of myocardial infarction.
    • Gradual buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) within coronary arteries.
    • Plaques may rupture or erode, leading to thrombus formation and subsequent occlusion of blood vessels.
  • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD):
    • CAD is a major contributing factor.
    • Conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus increase the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery narrowing.
  • Thrombosis:
    • Formation of blood clots (thrombi) within coronary arteries.
    • Thrombosis can result from plaque rupture, endothelial injury, or conditions that promote abnormal blood clotting.
  • Coronary Vasospasm:
    • Sudden, intense contraction of coronary arteries.
    • Can occur spontaneously or be triggered by drug use, stress, or other factors.
    • Vasospasm leads to temporary or prolonged reduction of blood flow to the myocardium, causing ischemia and potential infarction.
  • Risk Factors:
    • Smoking: Increases atherosclerosis and promotes clot formation.
    • Hypertension: Raises the workload on the heart and contributes to arterial damage.
    • Diabetes: Accelerates atherosclerosis and impairs blood vessel function.
    • Hyperlipidemia: Elevated levels of cholesterol contribute to plaque formation.
    • Family History: Genetic predisposition may increase susceptibility to CAD and myocardial infarction.

Desired Outcomes of Nursing Care Plan for Myocardial Infarction 

  • Restoration of Coronary Blood Flow:
    • Prompt and effective interventions, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or thrombolytic therapy, aim to restore blood flow to the affected coronary arteries.
    • Timely reperfusion helps minimize myocardial damage and preserves cardiac function.
  • Pain Relief and Symptom Resolution:
    • Adequate pain management to relieve chest pain and discomfort associated with myocardial infarction.
    • Resolution of other symptoms, such as shortness of breath, nausea, and diaphoresis.
  • Preservation of Cardiac Function:
    • Minimization of myocardial damage to preserve overall cardiac function.
    • Prevention of complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiogenic shock.
  • Prevention of Recurrent Events:
    • Implementation of secondary prevention measures to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events.
    • Medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and ongoing medical management contribute to long-term prevention.
  • Psychosocial and Emotional Well-Being:
    • Addressing the emotional impact of myocardial infarction, including anxiety and fear.
    • Providing support, education, and resources to enhance coping mechanisms and overall psychosocial well-being.

Myocardial Infarction (MI) Nursing Care Plan

 

Subjective Data:

  • Chest Pain
  • Chest Pressure/Squeezing
  • PQRST pain assessment
    • P- provoke, precipitate, palliate
    • Q- quality
    • R- radiate
    • S- severity, symptoms
    • T- time
  • Patient may report a feeling of impending doom
  • Shortness of Breath

Objective Data:

  • ST elevation on the ECG- Called an STEMI
  • Decreased oxygenation
  • Signs of left ventricular failure such as crackles in the lungs or S3 heart sound
  • Tachycardia (Bradycardia can be seen if patient is having an inferior MI)
  • Elevated Cardiac Enzymes

Nursing Assessment for Myocardial Infarction

 

  • Chest Pain Assessment:
    • Thorough assessment of chest pain characteristics, including location, intensity, quality, radiation, and duration.
    • Use of a pain scale to quantify pain levels and monitor changes over time.
  • Vital Signs Monitoring:
    • Continuous monitoring of vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation.
    • Regular assessments to detect signs of hemodynamic instability.
  • Cardiac Monitoring:
    • Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring to identify and monitor changes in cardiac rhythm and ST-segment deviations.
    • Prompt recognition of arrhythmias or ischemic changes.
  • Symptom Assessment:
    • Evaluation of associated symptoms such as shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, and lightheadedness.
    • Documentation of the onset and progression of symptoms.
  • Past Medical History:
    • Review of the patient’s medical history, with a focus on cardiovascular risk factors, previous cardiac events, and comorbid conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes).
  • Medication History:
    • Documentation of current medications, including anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, and other relevant cardiovascular medications.
    • Identification of any known drug allergies.
  • Physical Examination:
    • Thorough cardiovascular examination, including assessment of heart sounds, peripheral pulses, and signs of heart failure (e.g., jugular venous distention, peripheral edema).
    • Inspection and palpation of the chest for signs of trauma, deformities, or surgical scars.
  • Psychosocial Assessment:
    • Evaluation of the patient’s emotional well-being and psychological response to the event.
    • Identification of stressors, anxiety, and coping mechanisms.
    • Assessment of the patient’s support system and understanding of the diagnosis.

Nursing Implementation of Managing Myocardial Infarction

 

  • Emergency Interventions:
    • Activate Rapid Response: Initiate emergency response protocols promptly to ensure a rapid and coordinated team response.
    • Administer Medications: Provide prescribed medications urgently, including aspirin, nitroglycerin, and, if indicated, thrombolytics or antiplatelet agents.
  • Ongoing Cardiac Monitoring:
    • Continuous ECG Monitoring: Maintain continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring to detect any changes in cardiac rhythm or ST-segment deviations.
    • Hemodynamic Monitoring: Monitor vital signs and hemodynamic parameters regularly to identify signs of hemodynamic instability.
  • Pain Management:
    • Administer Analgesics: Provide appropriate analgesics, such as morphine, to alleviate chest pain and discomfort.
    • Evaluate Pain Relief: Assess the effectiveness of pain management interventions and adjust as needed.
  • Collaborative Interventions:
    • Coordinate Reperfusion Therapy: Collaborate with the healthcare team to facilitate reperfusion therapy, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or thrombolytic therapy.
    • Manage Complications: Address and manage complications promptly, including arrhythmias, heart failure, or cardiogenic shock.
  • Patient Education and Support:
    • Educate on Medication Regimen: Provide clear explanations of prescribed medications, their purposes, and potential side effects.
    • Discuss Lifestyle Modifications: Offer guidance on lifestyle changes, including diet, exercise, smoking cessation, and stress management.
    • Facilitate Emotional Support: Address the emotional impact of myocardial infarction, providing emotional support and resources for coping.

Nursing Interventions and Rationales

 

  • MONA:
    • Morphine
    • Oxygen
    • Nitroglycerin
    • Aspirin (ASA)

    *note – this is only a mnemonic and not the correct order of administration – see rationale for details*

  Initial treatment for acute coronary syndrome.

  • Morphine: given ONLY if aspirin and nitroglycerin do not relieve chest pain. Initial dose is 2-4 mg IV.
  • Oxygen: helps for you to remember to check oxygenation for chest pain – if under 94% or if patient is short of breath give 2L NC initially. Administer oxygen only when clinically relevant.
  • Nitroglycerin: This is the initial medication given, along with aspirin. This medication dilates the blood vessels to help allow any blood flow that might be impeded. Give 0.4 mg sublingual tab, wait 5 minutes, if the chest pain is not relieved administer another dose. This can happen 3 times total. Monitor a patient’s blood pressure, hold for a systolic BP of less than 90 mmHg.
  • Aspirin: given to thin the blood and decrease mortality risk. A total of 4 baby aspirin (81 mg each) can be given for a total of 324 mg, or a single 325 mg dose.
  • 12-Lead ECGIf initial 12-lead ECG indicates inferior MI, do a right-sided 12-lead ECG.
  Assess a 12 lead ECG immediately on anyone complaining of chest pain to determine if an ST elevated MI is occurring. If it is-Take the patient to the cath lab STAT! If the ECG is a normal sinus or otherwise non-concerning rhythm, place them on a 3 or 5 lead cardiac monitor for frequent re-assessing. Right sided 12 lead ECG shows the right side of the heart to assess for right ventricular ischemia. **Inferior MI’s need to be treated differently!**
  • 3 or 5 Lead monitoring
  No matter the outcome of the 12 lead ECG, placing a patient on a form of cardiac monitoring is key. You are worried about a worsening condition such as cardiac arrest.
  • Cardiac Catheterization with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
  A patient who has an ST elevated MI (STEMI) will be rushed to the cath lab so they can locate the clot and place a stent to regain blood flow to the heart. A patient may also go to the cath lab without having a STEMI, and they may still find a clot. Most NON-STEMI’s are treated without catheterization.
  • BP Monitoring
    • The measurement is determined by the doctor, who is determining this based on evidence based research married with patient factors.
    • It can be measured by the systolic BP or the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP).
    • This can also be monitored by an arterial line.
  This is important because the higher the blood pressure, the more pressure is on a clot. It isn’t out of the question for someone to have more than one clot, and increased pressure could break free a clot lodge itself somewhere else either in the heart, lungs, brain, or extremity.
  • Heparin

  This is an anticoagulant that prevents clots.

  • Monitor aPTT or Anti-Xa Q6H to adjust and maintain therapeutic levels.

For STEMI

  • Bolus: 60 units/kg (max 4,000 units)
  • Continuous infusion: 12 units/kg/hr
  • -Adjust according to your organization’s nomogram (Q6H- based on results of aPPT or Anti-Xa)

For N-STEMI

  • Bolus: 60-70 units/kg (max 5,000 units)
  • Continuous Infusion: 12-15 units/kg/hr
  • -Adjust according to your organization’s nomogram (Q6H- based on results of aPPT or Anti-Xa)
  • Insert Large Bore IV and draw initial Cardiac Enzymes

  IV access is important for administration of medications, possible interventions if angina worsens, and any scans that may be needed to rule out thrombosis. Cardiac enzymes further serve to rule out Myocardial Infarction and can give an indication to the extent of myocardial damage.

  • Troponin I
  • CK
  • CK-MB
  • Myoglobin
  • Monitor Cardiac Enzymes:
    • Troponin I
    • Creatine Kinase-MB (CKMB)

  The values of these enzymes are based on your institutional laboratory technique. If they are elevated it indicates that the cardiac muscle is stressed out or injured.

  • Troponin I is an enzyme that helps the interaction of myosin and actin in the cardiac muscle. When necrosis of the myocyte happens, the contents of the cell eventually will be released into the bloodstream.
    • Troponin can become elevated 2-4 hours after in ischemic cardiac event and can stay elevated for up to 14 days.
  • Creatine Kinase MB: This enzyme is found in the cardiac muscle cells and catalyses the conversion of ATP into ADP giving your cells energy to contract. When the cardiac muscle cells are damaged the enzyme is eventually released into the bloodstream.
    • CKMB levels should be checked at admission, and then every 8 hours afterwards.

Evaluation for Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)

 

  • Cardiovascular Stability:
    • Evaluate the patient’s cardiovascular status for stability in vital signs and absence of dysrhythmias.
  • Pain Relief:
    • Assess the effectiveness of pain management interventions.
    • Ensure the patient’s comfort and relief from chest pain.
  • Medication Efficacy:
    • Monitor the patient’s response to medications, adjusting doses as needed.
    • Evaluate for any adverse effects.
  • Complication Prevention:
    • Assess for the prevention or early identification of complications such as heart failure or cardiogenic shock.
  • Patient Understanding:
    • Evaluate the patient’s understanding of the condition, treatment plan, and the importance of ongoing care and lifestyle modifications.

References

Premium Membership

Unlock the Complete Study System

Used by 300,000+ nursing students. 99.25% NCLEX pass rate.

  • Full lesson outlines
  • NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
  • 6,500+ practice questions
  • 2,000+ lesson videos
  • 300+ cheatsheets
Start Free Trial

200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.

Transcript

Hey guys, in this lesson, we are going to take a look at the care plan for myocardial infarction or MI. So in this lesson, we will talk about the pathophysiology and etiology of an MI. We’ll also take a look at subjective and objective data your patient may present with as well as nursing interventions and rationales for this issue. 

 

So myocardial Infarction is cardiac muscle tissue death from lack of blood flow, which is super important because blood carries nutrients and oxygen to the cells. If this doesn’t occur, cell necrosis occurs. So, this causes them an MI, including narrowing or occlusion of cardiac vessels, DVT that has broken off or is an embolus and it lands in the heart. So, the desired outcome would be reperfusion to cardiac muscle and return of cardiac muscle functionality. 

 

Let’s take a look at some of the subjective and objective data that your patient with an MI may present with. Now, remember subjective data are going to be things that are based on your patient’s opinions or feelings. So for an MI, this may include chest pain or chest pressure and squeezing, and feeling of impending doom, or shortness of breath. 

 

So guys for objective data, be sure to do a pain assessment. For example, the PQRST assessment for pain objective data can include ST elevation on the EKG and this is called a STEMI, decreased oxygenation, signs of left ventricular failure like crackles in the lungs or S3 heart sounds, tachycardia, elevated cardiac enzymes, or with an inferior MI, bradycardia can be seen. 

 

Let’s take a look at the nursing interventions included with the MI care plan. Mona, which stands for medicine, for pain, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and aspirin, is the initial treatment for acute coronary syndrome. Remember, Mona is not the correct order of administration, just an easy way to remember the components of this treatment. So, I just want to mention that “M” used to be for morphine, if both aspirin and nitroglycerin did not relieve the chest pain, but morphine isn’t really used anymore as it increases mortality. So, for the “M” in Mona, think medicine, because some type of medicine will be given for pain. Now, oxygen reminds you to check oxygenation for chest pain. If the patient is short of breath, or has a SAT of less than 94%, you’re going to apply two liters of nasal cannula, but remember, only administer oxygen if clinically necessary.

 

Nitroglycerin is the initial medication that is given along with aspirin. Nitroglycerin works as a dilator to help a low blood flow that might be disrupted. So, you’re going to give 0.4 milligram sublingual, wait five minutes, and if chest pain isn’t relieved, administer another dose, but no more than three doses. Make sure the patient’s blood pressure is being monitored and hold the dose if the systolic blood pressure is less than 90 millimeters of mercury. Aspirin is given because it decreases mortality by thinning the patient’s blood. A single dose of 325 milligrams can be given, or for baby aspirin, which are 81 milligrams each, can be given a total of 324 milligrams. Also a 12 lead EKG should be completed immediately on anyone who is complaining of chest pain to determine if there is an ST elevated MI occurring. 

 

If it is, this patient needs to go to the cath lab stat. Now, if the 12 lead is normal sinus or a rhythm that is not of concern, place the patient on a three or five lead cardiac monitor to frequently assess, because we are most definitely worried about a worsening condition or cardiac arrest. Also, a right-sided 12 lead EKG shows the right side of the heart to assess for right ventricular ischemia. Remember, inferior MI’s need to be treated differently. 

 

I already mentioned that if the patient has a STEMI, they must be taken to the cath lab quickly to locate the clot and have a stent placed to regain blood flow to the heart. I also want to mention that it is definitely possible for the patient to go to the cath lab without having a STEMI and a clot may still be located, although most non STEMI’s are treated without catheterization. Patients who are coming in must definitely have their BP monitored closely. The values or limits are going to be determined by the provider. It’s measured by the MAP, or mean arterial pressure, or systolic BP within the arterial line. And, why is this important? Well, the higher the blood pressure, the more pressure on a blood clot, and it isn’t terribly uncommon for a patient to have more than one clot, which could definitely break free with a high blood pressure. 

 

Heparin is an important intervention as this drug is an anticoagulant, and breaks up clots, as well as prevents them. With heparin administration, something like a PTT needs to be monitored every six hours to adjust the dose to keep the levels therapeutic. For a STEMI, there are different values such as 60 unit per kilo bolus is given with a max of 4,000 units and then a continuous fusion of 12 units per kilo/ per hour. For a non-STEMI a 60 to 70 unit per kilos bolus is given with a max of 5,000 units and then a continuous infusion of 12 to 15 units per kilo/ per hour. Remember to always follow your facility’s protocol. 

 

IV access is critical to administer medications and also to draw initial cardiac enzymes, which are important to rule out an MI and can also indicate how much damage has occurred. Not only do we draw cardiac enzymes, but they also need to be monitored. Troponin 1 is an enzyme that helps with the interaction of myosin and actin in the cardiac muscle. So, Troponin can become elevated two to four hours after an ischemic event and can stay elevated for up to 14 days. When we talk about CK-MB, this is an enzyme that is found in cardiac muscle, so when cardiac muscle cells are damaged, this enzyme is released into the bloodstream. CK-MB should be measured at admission and then every eight hours after. 

 

Here’s a look at the completed care plan for an MI. Let’s do a quick review. An MI occurs from cardiac muscle tissue death from lack of blood flow. Causes include narrowing of cardiac vessels, DVT, or an embolus. Subjective data includes chest pain, pressure, squeezing, impending doom, and shortness of breath. Objective data includes ST Elevation, decreased O2, crackles, being tachycardic, and elevated cardiac enzymes. Nursing interventions include a 12 lead EKG, Mona or medicine for pain, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin, starting a large bore IV, and drawing initial cardiac enzymes. BP monitoring and the continuation of monitoring of cardiac enzymes is important in managing the patient. Also, preparing for the cath lab If a STEMI is present. Following your facility’s nomogram for heparin administration and adjustment is critical. 

 

Alright guys, that is it on this care plan. We love you guys. Now, go out and be your best self today and as always, happy nursing!

 

Premium Membership

Study Faster with Full Video Transcripts

99.25% NCLEX Pass Rate vs 88.8% National Average

  • Full lesson outlines
  • NCLEX simulator (SIMCLEX)
  • 6,500+ practice questions
  • 2,000+ lesson videos
  • 300+ cheatsheets
Start Free Trial

200% NCLEX Pass Guarantee.
No Contract. Cancel Anytime.

🚨PRICE INCREASE COMING

Lock in Lifetime Access at OVER 50% Off

reg $499 → $199

or 5 payments of $39.99

Ends January 17

Lock in Now →

Midterm

Concepts Covered:

  • Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Circulatory System
  • Respiratory Disorders
  • Cardiac Disorders
  • Respiratory System
  • Oncology Disorders
  • Urinary System
  • Musculoskeletal Trauma
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Labor Complications
  • Respiratory Emergencies
  • EENT Disorders
  • Newborn Complications
  • Pregnancy Risks
  • Vascular Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
  • Nervous System
  • Cardiovascular
  • Terminology
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
  • Trauma-Stress Disorders
  • Immunological Disorders
  • Infectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Cognitive Disorders
  • Substance Abuse Disorders
  • Oncologic Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
  • Adult
  • Medication Administration
  • Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
  • Hematologic System
  • EENT Disorders
  • Neurological
  • Cardiovascular Disorders
  • Respiratory
  • Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
  • Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
  • Intraoperative Nursing
  • Disorders of Pancreas
  • Shock
  • Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
  • Studying
  • Neurological Trauma
  • Neurological Emergencies
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
  • Adulthood Growth and Development
  • Developmental Considerations

Study Plan Lessons

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
EKG (ECG) Course Introduction
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
Care of the Pediatric Patient
Coronary Artery Disease Concept Map
Electrical A&P of the Heart
Respiratory A&P Module Intro
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
Computed Tomography (CT)
COPD Concept Map
Electrolytes Involved in Cardiac (Heart) Conduction
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sickle Cell Anemia
Adult Vital Signs (VS)
CT & MR Angiography
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nasal Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Pediatric Vital Signs (VS)
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Thrombocytopenia
Cardiovascular Angiography
Preload and Afterload
Respiratory Alkalosis
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Echocardiogram (Cardiac Echo)
Performing Cardiac (Heart) Monitoring
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Pulmonary Function Test
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
02.02 Cardiomyopathy for CCRN Review
Leukemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Lymphoma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Respiratory Terminology
Oncology Important Points
Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Lung Cancer
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Heart (Cardiac) and Great Vessels Assessment
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP
02.08 Cardiac Catheterization & Acute Coronary Syndrome for CCRN Review
02.12 Myocardial Infarction- Inferior Wall for CCRN Review
Grief and Loss
Dementia and Alzheimers
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Immunology Module Intro
Respiratory Infections Module Intro
Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Aneurysm & Dissection
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Sinus Bradycardia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Sinus Tachycardia
Meds for Alzheimers
Pacemakers
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
Heart (Heart) Failure Exacerbation
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Coagulation Studies (PT, PTT, INR)
Hypertensive Emergency
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Fibromyalgia
Migraines
Tension and Cluster Headaches
1st Degree AV Heart Block
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 1 (Mobitz I, Wenckebach)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 2 (Mobitz II)
3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
Cholesterol (Chol) Lab Values
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Leukemia
Pulmonary Embolism
Acute Respiratory Distress
Cardiac (Heart) Disease in Pregnancy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Respiratory Structure & Function
ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs
Fever
Respiratory Trauma Module Intro
Seizure Causes (Epilepsy, Generalized)
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Embolism
Anti-Platelet Aggregate
Respiratory Procedures Module Intro
Electrical Activity in the Heart
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Respiratory Terminology
Thrombin Inhibitors
Thrombolytics
Blood Plasma
Patient Positioning
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
07.06 Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) for CCRN Review
Dystocia
Acute Bronchitis
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Asthma
Asthma
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Respiratory Structure & Function
Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Respiratory Functions of Blood
Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects
10.01 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation for CCRN Review
Hierarchy of O2 Delivery
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
10.03 Acute Respiratory Failure for CCRN Review
Airway Suctioning
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Cardiac Glycosides
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Bronchodilators
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids
Nitro Compounds
Anticonvulsants
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
Bronchodilators
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Oxygenation
ABG Course (Arterial Blood Gas) Introduction
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
ABGs Tic-Tac-Toe interpretation Method
Acute Coronary Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Acute Coronary Syndromes (MI-ST and Non ST, Unstable Angina) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Acute Inflammatory Disease (Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Pericarditis) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
AIDS Case Study (45 min)
Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Anaphylaxis Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Anemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Aneurysm (Dissecting, Repair) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Aneurysm and Dissection for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)
Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)
Asthma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Asthma (Severe) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Asthma Concept Map
AV Blocks Dysrhythmias for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Lab Values
Cardiac (Heart) Enzymes
Cardiac Anatomy
Cardiac Labs – What and When to Use Them 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Cardiac Surgery (Post-ICU Care) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiac/Vascular Catheterization (Diagnostic, Interventional) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiogenic Shock and Obstructive Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cardiomyopathies (Dilated, Hypertrophic, Restrictive) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiopulmonary Arrest for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cardiovascular Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Case Study (60 min)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Labs
COPD Concept Map
COPD Exacerbation for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
COPD management Nursing Mnemonic (COPD)
Coronary Artery Disease Concept Map
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Dementia Nursing Mnemonic (DEMENTIA)
Diagnostic Criteria for Lupus Nursing Mnemonic (SOAP BRAIN MD)
EKG Basics – Live Tutoring Archive
Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations
Head and Spinal Cord Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Module Intro
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Therapeutic Management
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart Failure 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hematologic Disorders for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Hypertension (Uncontrolled) and Hypertensive Crisis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)
Hypertensive Crisis Case Study (45 min)
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Leukemia
Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)
Leukemia Case Study (60 min)
Lymphoma
Management of Lyme Disease Nursing Mnemonic (BAR)
MI Surgical Intervention
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Myocardial Infarction (MI) Case Study (45 min)
Noncardiac Pulmonary Edema for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Thrombophlebitis (clot)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Valve Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Endocarditis and Pericarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Activity Intolerance
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Bronchitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Alzheimer’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Angina
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma / Childhood Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchoscopy (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cellulitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cystic Fibrosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dementia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Emphysema
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Guillain-Barre
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Heart Valve Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lung Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, Non-Hodgkin’s)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Otitis Media / Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pericarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pulmonary Embolism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Restrictive Lung Diseases
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skin cancer – Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Spinal Cord Injury
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombocytopenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombophlebitis / Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Alzheimer’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Angina
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care Plan for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care Plan for Fibromyalgia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Heart Valve Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, Non-Hodgkin’s)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care Plan for Myocarditis
Nursing Care Plan for Nasal Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care Plan for Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Case Study for Head Injury
Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma
Obstruction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pacemakers
Pain Management and Procedural Sedation for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pain Management for the Older Adult – Live Tutoring Archive
Pain Management Meds – Live Tutoring Archive
Pain (Acute, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Palliative Care for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Asthma
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pleural Effusion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Preload and Afterload
Pulmonary Embolism for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pulmonary Embolus for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Lab Values
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Respiratory Failure (Acute, Chronic, Failure to Wean) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Sodium and Potassium Imbalance for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal Cord Injury Case Study (60 min)
Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Thrombocytopenia
Thromboembolic Disease- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Valvular Heart Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vascular Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)
Venous Disorders (Chronic venous insufficiency, Deep venous thrombosis/DVT)
Warfarin (Coumadin) Nursing Considerations