Head and Spinal Cord Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
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Study Tools For Head and Spinal Cord Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Spinal Cord Injury Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
Spinal Cord Cross Section (Image)
Spinal Nerves (Image)
Incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries (Image)
C4 Fracture with Spinal Cord Compression (Image)
Complications of Spinal Cord Injuries (Mnemonic)
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Outline
Head and Spinal Cord Trauma
Definition/Etiology:
Head and spinal cord trauma is just that, a traumatic injury. These can be caused by anything from falls to assaults, to motor vehicle collisions, to penetrating knife or gun injuries. The etiology of traumatic injuries goes on and on. If someone can smack their head against something, they risk injuring it.
Pathophysiology:
Any traumatic injury can cause severe damage to the underlying structures. Injuries to the skull will many times cause injury to the underlying brain. While external severity may not coincide with internal severity, the mechanism of injury can paint a pretty good picture.
Clinical Presentation:
When it comes to head injuries, we are going to discuss the skull. Brain injuries and ICP are discussed in other units in this series, which i encourage all of you to go check out.
With skull fractures, you can have linear, depressed, open or closed, and basilar skull fractures. Linear fractures are usually benign. Depressed skull fractures are very much not benign! The clinical symptoms in a depressed skull fx depend on the area that is affected. The most common sign of a worsening problem is a change in the LOC. There are also some signs to watch for with head trauma:
- Battle’s Sign: Bruising behind the ear that is indicative of a basilar skull fracture
- Racoon eyes: Also known as periorbital ecchymosis, is a sign of a severe skull injury
- Look for any other signs of bruising, bleeding or any other external injuries.
With spinal cord injuries, again, we have to do good neuro checks. We want to check motor and sensory function in all 4 extremities. It’s not enough just to ask if they can move a limb, we have to check their sensation as well. You can use a pin (if you can find one), or like I do, the tip of an angiocath.
Collaborative Management:
Need radiology on board. With head injuries, we are probably going to skip X-ray and head right to CT. Same goes with the suspected spinal cord trauma. We will probably do some lab work making sure to get that CBC (and maybe draw a type and cross here as well). If you notice CSF leaking from the ears or nose, DO NOT PACK THE AREA. If we have not received results from CT, try to avoid nasal intubation or NGT. (Let’s be real here, how many of us have ever seen a nasal intubation?)
Not a bad idea to read up on your cranial nerves. CEN always likes to throw a question about them on here. I can’t be specific but have a general idea what they do. You can always use one of the handy mnemonics to help. There are 2 I like. The popular one is On Old Olympus’s Towering Tops, A Finn and German Viewed Some Hops. Now that one is good by my favorite is, Only Owls Observe Them Traveling and Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes.
- Elevate the head of the bed 30 degrees. This does not require an order and can help facilitate venous drainage by gravity.
- Make sure to maintain oxygenation. CO2 retention and cerebral vasodilation can cause increased ICP and maintaining that O2 can help to minimize this.
- CEN likes to ask questions about C-spine injury locations and what they can affect. For example, Injuries between T4 and T12 can have bowel and bladder incontinence, paraplegia of the lower body and loss of motor function in the legs. T11-L2 can cause bowel and bladder retention, C3-C5 can cause respiratory paralysis. So, yea, keep in mind the type of injury and the location.
Evaluation | Patient Monitoring | Education:
LOC is most important. Continuous neuro checks for both head and spinal cord injuries are important. With head injuries, obviously a change in LOC will be visible. With the spinal cord, we have to do our motor and sensory checks to make sure there is no worsening of the injury. Also pay close attention to urine output with the SCI. If there is an injury above C5, always be wary of possible airway issues. We should also anticipate vomiting with any of these patients so have our suction ready to go.
Linchpins: (Key Points)
- LOC is KEY
- Location, location, location
- Continued repeated monitoring
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Transcript
For more great CEN prep, got to the link below to purchase the “Emergency Nursing Examination Review” book by Dr. Laura Gasparis Vonfrolio RN, PHD
https://greatnurses.com/
References:
- Emergency Nurses Association. (2022). Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
- Sheehy, S. B., Hammond, B. B., & Zimmerman, P. G. (2013). Sheehy’s manual of emergency care (Vol. 7th Edition). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Mosby.
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Midterm
Concepts Covered:
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Circulatory System
- Respiratory Disorders
- Cardiac Disorders
- Respiratory System
- Oncology Disorders
- Urinary System
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Hematologic Disorders
- Labor Complications
- Respiratory Emergencies
- EENT Disorders
- Newborn Complications
- Pregnancy Risks
- Vascular Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Nervous System
- Cardiovascular
- Terminology
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Trauma-Stress Disorders
- Immunological Disorders
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Hematologic Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Oncologic Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Adult
- Medication Administration
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
- Hematologic System
- EENT Disorders
- Neurological
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Respiratory
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Shock
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Studying
- Neurological Trauma
- Neurological Emergencies
- Integumentary Disorders
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Adulthood Growth and Development
- Developmental Considerations
Study Plan Lessons
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
EKG (ECG) Course Introduction
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
Care of the Pediatric Patient
Coronary Artery Disease Concept Map
Electrical A&P of the Heart
Respiratory A&P Module Intro
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
Computed Tomography (CT)
COPD Concept Map
Electrolytes Involved in Cardiac (Heart) Conduction
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sickle Cell Anemia
Adult Vital Signs (VS)
CT & MR Angiography
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nasal Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Pediatric Vital Signs (VS)
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Thrombocytopenia
Cardiovascular Angiography
Preload and Afterload
Respiratory Alkalosis
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Echocardiogram (Cardiac Echo)
Performing Cardiac (Heart) Monitoring
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Pulmonary Function Test
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
02.02 Cardiomyopathy for CCRN Review
Leukemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Lymphoma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Respiratory Terminology
Oncology Important Points
Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Lung Cancer
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Heart (Cardiac) and Great Vessels Assessment
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP
02.08 Cardiac Catheterization & Acute Coronary Syndrome for CCRN Review
02.12 Myocardial Infarction- Inferior Wall for CCRN Review
Grief and Loss
Dementia and Alzheimers
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Immunology Module Intro
Respiratory Infections Module Intro
Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Aneurysm & Dissection
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Sinus Bradycardia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Sinus Tachycardia
Meds for Alzheimers
Pacemakers
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
Heart (Heart) Failure Exacerbation
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Coagulation Studies (PT, PTT, INR)
Hypertensive Emergency
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Fibromyalgia
Migraines
Tension and Cluster Headaches
1st Degree AV Heart Block
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 1 (Mobitz I, Wenckebach)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 2 (Mobitz II)
3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
Cholesterol (Chol) Lab Values
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Leukemia
Pulmonary Embolism
Acute Respiratory Distress
Cardiac (Heart) Disease in Pregnancy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Respiratory Structure & Function
ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs
Fever
Respiratory Trauma Module Intro
Seizure Causes (Epilepsy, Generalized)
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Embolism
Anti-Platelet Aggregate
Respiratory Procedures Module Intro
Electrical Activity in the Heart
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Respiratory Terminology
Thrombin Inhibitors
Thrombolytics
Blood Plasma
Patient Positioning
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
07.06 Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) for CCRN Review
Dystocia
Acute Bronchitis
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Asthma
Asthma
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Respiratory Structure & Function
Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Respiratory Functions of Blood
Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects
10.01 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation for CCRN Review
Hierarchy of O2 Delivery
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
10.03 Acute Respiratory Failure for CCRN Review
Airway Suctioning
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Cardiac Glycosides
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Bronchodilators
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids
Nitro Compounds
Anticonvulsants
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
Bronchodilators
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Oxygenation
ABG Course (Arterial Blood Gas) Introduction
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
ABGs Tic-Tac-Toe interpretation Method
Acute Coronary Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Acute Coronary Syndromes (MI-ST and Non ST, Unstable Angina) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Acute Inflammatory Disease (Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Pericarditis) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
AIDS Case Study (45 min)
Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Anaphylaxis Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Anemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Aneurysm (Dissecting, Repair) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Aneurysm and Dissection for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)
Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)
Asthma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Asthma (Severe) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Asthma Concept Map
AV Blocks Dysrhythmias for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Lab Values
Cardiac (Heart) Enzymes
Cardiac Anatomy
Cardiac Labs – What and When to Use Them 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Cardiac Surgery (Post-ICU Care) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiac/Vascular Catheterization (Diagnostic, Interventional) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiogenic Shock and Obstructive Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cardiomyopathies (Dilated, Hypertrophic, Restrictive) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Cardiopulmonary Arrest for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cardiovascular Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Case Study (60 min)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Labs
COPD Concept Map
COPD Exacerbation for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
COPD management Nursing Mnemonic (COPD)
Coronary Artery Disease Concept Map
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Dementia Nursing Mnemonic (DEMENTIA)
Diagnostic Criteria for Lupus Nursing Mnemonic (SOAP BRAIN MD)
EKG Basics – Live Tutoring Archive
Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations
Head and Spinal Cord Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Module Intro
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Therapeutic Management
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart Failure 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hematologic Disorders for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Hypertension (Uncontrolled) and Hypertensive Crisis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)
Hypertensive Crisis Case Study (45 min)
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Leukemia
Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)
Leukemia Case Study (60 min)
Lymphoma
Management of Lyme Disease Nursing Mnemonic (BAR)
MI Surgical Intervention
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Myocardial Infarction (MI) Case Study (45 min)
Noncardiac Pulmonary Edema for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Thrombophlebitis (clot)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Valve Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Endocarditis and Pericarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Activity Intolerance
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Bronchitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Alzheimer’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Angina
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma / Childhood Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchoscopy (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cellulitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cystic Fibrosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dementia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Emphysema
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Guillain-Barre
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Heart Valve Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impaired Gas Exchange
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lung Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, Non-Hodgkin’s)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Otitis Media / Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pericarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pulmonary Embolism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Restrictive Lung Diseases
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skin cancer – Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Spinal Cord Injury
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombocytopenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombophlebitis / Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Alzheimer’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Angina
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congenital Heart Defects
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care Plan for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care Plan for Fibromyalgia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Heart Valve Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, Non-Hodgkin’s)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care Plan for Myocarditis
Nursing Care Plan for Nasal Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care Plan for Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Case Study for Head Injury
Nursing Case Study for Pediatric Asthma
Obstruction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pacemakers
Pain Management and Procedural Sedation for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pain Management for the Older Adult – Live Tutoring Archive
Pain Management Meds – Live Tutoring Archive
Pain (Acute, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Palliative Care for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Asthma
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pleural Effusion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Preload and Afterload
Pulmonary Embolism for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pulmonary Embolus for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Lab Values
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Respiratory Failure (Acute, Chronic, Failure to Wean) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Sodium and Potassium Imbalance for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal Cord Injury Case Study (60 min)
Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Thrombocytopenia
Thromboembolic Disease- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Valvular Heart Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vascular Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)
Venous Disorders (Chronic venous insufficiency, Deep venous thrombosis/DVT)
Warfarin (Coumadin) Nursing Considerations