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Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

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Nichole Weaver
MSN/Ed,RN,CCRN
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Included In This Lesson

Study Tools
Outline
ADPIE Related Lessons
Transcript
Additional Lessons

Study Tools For Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1- Signs & Symptoms (Mnemonic)
Diabetes Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
Endocrine System Study Chart (Cheatsheet)
Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus (Image)
140 Must Know Meds (Book)
Diabetes Assessment (Picmonic)
Diabetes Interventions (Picmonic)
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Outline

Overview

  1. Pancreatic disorder resulting in insufficient or lack of insulin production leading to elevated blood sugar
  2. Insulin is the key to allow glucose to be used by the cells for energy

Pathophysiology:

Diabetes:

Type 1 occurs when there is an autoimmune (the body attacks the pancreas) response. The beta cells are attacked and can no longer produce and secrete insulin. Insulin is necessary to take sugar from the blood to the cells for energy. Without insulin delivery sugar to the cells, hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) occurs.

Type II DM usually occurs because of genetics and or environmental factors. In type II the pancreas either does not secrete enough insulin or has difficulty with insulin action and insulin resistance occurs in the cells. Hyperglycemia occurs because the cells are resistant to insulin or because there is not adequate insulin production/secretion. When the body can not sufficiently move sugar from the blood to the cells, blood sugars rise and hyperglycemia occurs.

Nursing Points

General

  1. Type I
    1. Immune disorder
    2. Body attacks beta cells in pancreas (responsible for insulin production)
    3. Pancreas makes NO insulin
    4. Patient is insulin-dependent
    5. Ketosis due to gluconeogenesis (body making glucose from fat cells)
  2. Type II
    1. Beta cells do not produce enough insulin for body’s needs
    2. OR – Body becomes resistant to insulin
    3. Lifestyle-related
    4. May or may not require insulin, depending on severity
  3. Coronary Artery Disease → increases morbidity & mortality

Assessment

  1. Vascular and Nerve Damage
    1. Related to inflammation and hyperosmolarity in vessels
    2. Poor circulation
    3. Poor wound healing
    4. Retinopathy → blurry vision
    5. Neuropathy → decreased sensation, especially in feet/toes
    6. Nephropathy → may result in Chronic Kidney Disease
  2. Complications
    1. Lipoatrophy
      1. Loss of SubQ fat at insulin injection site (rotate sites)
    2. Lipohypertrophy
      1. Fatty mass at insulin injection site (rotate sites)
    3. Dawn Phenomenon
      1. Reduced insulin sensitivity between 5-8am
      2. Evening insulin administration may help
    4. Somogyi Phenomenon
      1. Night time hypoglycemia results in rebound hyperglycemia in the morning hours
      2. Bedtime snack may help
    5. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
      1. Acute exacerbation of Type I Diabetes Mellitus
      2. See DKA Lesson
    6. Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic State (HHNS)
      1. Acute exacerbation of Type II Diabetes Mellitus
      2. See HHNS Lesson

Therapeutic Management

  1. See Diabetes Management Lesson

Nursing Concepts

  1. See Diabetes Management Lesson

Patient Education

  1. See Diabetes Management Lesson

 

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Transcript

Okay guys, we’re going to talk about Diabetes Mellitus. Now, even if you’re brand new into nursing school, you’ve probably heard of this or know someone who has it, or have at least heard about it on the news. Diabetes is one of the leading comorbidities in the US and it’s a serious problem for our patients. In this lesson we’re going to review what happens in the patient’s body with Diabetes Mellitus, and in the next lesson we’re going to talk about what we do about it medically and in our nursing care.

So first, let’s look at the basic patho – Diabetes is an immune disorder where the body attacks the beta cells of the pancreas. Those are the cells responsible for secretion of insulin. So if the beta cells are attacked, we have either a lack of insulin or an insufficient supply of insulin for our body’s needs. So let’s remind ourselves what insulin does. Insulin is like the key that helps to unlock the cell to allow glucose to get into the cell. So you can see here, that glucose channel is closed until insulin comes in and unlocks it. Now glucose can get into the cells so they can use it for energy or ATP. If we don’t have insulin, all of this glucose will have to stay outside of the cells – so the amount of sugar left in our bloodstream will be elevated – hence our increased blood sugar levels. There are two types – Type 1 and Type 2, so let’s look at each of those a little closer.

In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, patients have absolutely NO insulin production. All of the beta cells in their pancreas have been destroyed and they’ve completely lost their ability to produce insulin. So, what does that mean for them? Well remember normally the insulin helps unlock the cells so that glucose can move into them. If there’s no insulin, all of this sugar just hangs out in the bloodstream and the cells get NOTHING. But cells REQUIRE glucose for energy, so they’re going to have to find it another way. That can create a lot of problems for the patient, as we’ll see in the DKA lesson. So – as you can imagine, these patients are considered insulin-dependent. This used to be called juvenile diabetes or juvenile onset diabetes, but they’ve found that it can actually develop later in life as well, so we stick to Type 1 or insulin-dependent.

In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, the patient is making SOME insulin…However, one of two things is happening. Either they just aren’t making enough to deal with the excess blood glucose, or, their body has become resistant to the effect of insulin. If the body is insulin resistant, then it requires much more insulin to have the same effect on the blood glucose. But, their body just isn’t providing it. So we have some cells able to get glucose, but the rest of that sugar stays out here in the bloodstream. The difference here is that the body is getting Just Enough glucose into the cells to not have to find that same workaround like Type 1 does. We’ll talk about this more in the HHNS lesson. They used to call this Adult Onset, but more and more we’re seeing children diagnosed because of poor lifestyle and eating habits. Just remember Type 1 is NO insulin, Type 2 is not enough insulin or insulin resistance. Either way, sugars can become dangerously elevated.

So there are quite a few complications of having elevated blood sugars, which we’ll continue to look at throughout this module. But, one of the big ones we want you to see is the amount of damage it can cause in the vascular system. Elevated blood sugars can cause inflammatory processes inside the vessels. They also cause a hyperosmolar state or a super concentrated state in the blood. Both that inflammation and that hyperosmolarity can do damage to the vessels as well as nerves surrounding them. So patients tend to have poor circulation, especially in the smaller vessels in the body – like in their hands and feet. That poor circulation and pro-inflammatory process can also lead to poor wound healing, so you’ll see in nursing care we’ll talk about inspecting every inch of their skin, especially on their feet and between their toes. Even the smallest wound can become massive and infected and they could lose their toe, foot, or even their leg because of it. Now, because of the damage to the small vessels and nerves, we’re also going to see neuropathy – they’ll get numbness and tingling in their hands and feet – that just makes the poor wound healing worse because they may not even be able to feel that something is wrong. We could also see retinopathy, which affects the tiny vessels in the eyes and can lead to vision loss. And finally, high blood sugars are very hard on the kidneys, so all patients with diabetes are at risk for nephropathy and ultimately chronic kidney disease if their sugars aren’t well controlled.

There are a couple of other complications that we can see, especially in patients who receive SubQ insulin therapy. Lipoatrophy is a loss of SubQ fat, remember atrophy means shrinking. Lipohypertrophy is a SubQ fat mass, remember hypertrophy means excess growth. Both of these can occur at the site of SubQ insulin injection. That’s why it’s SO important that we rotate sites when we’re administering insulin. We draw quadrants on the abdomen and rotate around, we can even further divide and rotate within the quadrants as well. We can also use the upper arms or the outer thighs. If we give insulin in the same spot multiple times in a row, it can start causing a lot of problems in that Subcutaneous tissue.

Other things we see in diabetic patients are the dawn phenomenon and the somogyi phenomenon. In the Dawn phenomenon, we see that patients tend to be less sensitive to insulin in the morning – so their sugars will be higher. We can sometimes combat this with an evening dose of insulin. In the Somogyi Phenomenon, patients who are a bit hypoglycemic at bedtime tend to have a rebound hyperglycemia and have super high sugars in the morning. For these patients we encourage a small bedtime snack. Either way, you’ll notice patients may tend to have higher sugars in the mornings than they do in the afternoon. I know, for me, as a night shift nurse it was always frustrating because they wanted the 6AM blood sugar to be under 200 or super controlled after surgery – but it was always the highest one of the day. My 9pm and 3am blood glucose levels would be fine, then I’d take the 6am and it would be 250. So this is something we need to be aware of.

Then, patients can also experience Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome – which will each have their own lesson, so make sure you review those.

So let’s recap. Diabetes mellitus is a condition of insufficient insulin production or action – either because all of their beta cells have been destroyed and they have NO insulin, like in Type 1, or because they just aren’t producing enough or they’re resistant to it, like in Type 2. Because the glucose can’t enter the cells to be used for energy without insulin, we see significant hyperglycemia. This hyperglycemia can lead to inflammation and hyperosmolarity in the vessels which can cause damage to the small vessels and nerves, leading to things like neuropathy, retinopathy, and poor wound healing. We want to monitor and manage their sugars closely and prevent complications by rotating injection sites, evaluating whether they need a bedtime snack or bedtime insulin, and monitoring for signs and symptoms of DKA or HHNS, which we’ll learn about later in this module.

Those are the basics of the pathophysiology and complications of Diabetes. Make sure you check out the rest of this module to learn about nursing care, as well as DKA, and HHNS. Now, go out and be your best selves today. And, as always, happy nursing!

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Monalisa’s Study Plan

Concepts Covered:

  • Community Health Overview
  • Circulatory System
  • Urinary System
  • Communication
  • Prenatal Concepts
  • Test Taking Strategies
  • Respiratory Disorders
  • EENT Disorders
  • Developmental Theories
  • Legal and Ethical Issues
  • Prefixes
  • Suffixes
  • Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
  • Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
  • Preoperative Nursing
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Integumentary Disorders
  • Prioritization
  • Bipolar Disorders
  • Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Immunological Disorders
  • Renal Disorders
  • Childhood Growth and Development
  • Labor Complications
  • Upper GI Disorders
  • Medication Administration
  • Developmental Considerations
  • Adulthood Growth and Development
  • Disorders of Pancreas
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Trauma
  • Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
  • Integumentary Important Points
  • Pregnancy Risks
  • Urinary Disorders
  • Cardiac Disorders
  • Learning Pharmacology
  • Documentation and Communication
  • Anxiety Disorders
  • Basic
  • Factors Influencing Community Health
  • Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
  • Lower GI Disorders
  • Eating Disorders
  • Trauma-Stress Disorders
  • Microbiology
  • Oncology Disorders
  • Somatoform Disorders
  • Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
  • Dosage Calculations
  • Concepts of Population Health
  • Understanding Society
  • Depressive Disorders
  • Personality Disorders
  • Cognitive Disorders
  • Substance Abuse Disorders
  • Psychological Emergencies
  • Hematologic Disorders
  • Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
  • Female Reproductive Disorders
  • Delegation
  • Vascular Disorders
  • Oncologic Disorders
  • Postpartum Complications
  • Fetal Development
  • Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
  • Basics of NCLEX
  • Shock
  • Studying
  • Concepts of Mental Health
  • Labor and Delivery
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders
  • Health & Stress
  • Neurological Emergencies
  • EENT Disorders
  • Emotions and Motivation
  • Intraoperative Nursing
  • Digestive System
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
  • Tissues and Glands
  • Postpartum Care
  • Cardiovascular Disorders
  • Newborn Care
  • Renal and Urinary Disorders
  • Newborn Complications
  • Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Infectious Disease Disorders
  • Nervous System
  • Respiratory System
  • Behavior
  • Terminology
  • Respiratory Emergencies
  • Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
  • Proteins
  • Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Basics of Human Biology
  • Neurological Trauma
  • Concepts of Pharmacology
  • Statistics
  • Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
  • Basics of Sociology
  • Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
  • Infectious Respiratory Disorder
  • Psychotic Disorders
  • Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient

Study Plan Lessons

Community Health Course Introduction
EKG (ECG) Course Introduction
Fluid & Electrolytes Course Introduction
Fundamentals Course Introduction
OB Course Introduction
12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions
Care of the Pediatric Patient
Electrical A&P of the Heart
Glaucoma
Intro to Community Health
Menstrual Cycle
Overview of Developmental Theories
What Guides Nurses Practice
54 Common Medication Prefixes and Suffixes
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney (Renal) Injury (AKI)
Addisons Disease
Advance Directives
Burn Injuries
Cataracts
Community Health Nursing Theories
Electrolytes Involved in Cardiac (Heart) Conduction
Family Planning & Contraception
Fluid Pressures
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Vitals (VS) and Assessment
Community Health Education
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cushings Syndrome
Fluid Shifts (Ascites) (Pleural Effusion)
Macular Degeneration
Nursing Care Delivery Models
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
Pressure Ulcers/Pressure injuries (Braden scale)
Therapeutic Drug Levels (Digoxin, Lithium, Theophylline, Phenytoin)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Epidemiology
Epidemiology
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Essential NCLEX Meds by Class
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis
Growth & Development – Infants
Health Promotion Model
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Isotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pancreatitis
6 Rights of Medication Administration
Environmental and Genetic Influences on Growth & Development
Growth & Development – Toddlers
Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
Health Promotion Assessments
Hearing Loss
Hypotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Thrombocytopenia
Blood Transfusions (Administration)
Family Structure and Impact on Development
Fractures
Growth & Development – Preschoolers
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hyperthyroidism
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Integumentary (Skin) Important Points
Preload and Afterload
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Body Image Changes Throughout Development
Growth & Development – School Age- Adolescent
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypothyroidism
Legal Considerations
Performing Cardiac (Heart) Monitoring
Cultural Awareness and Influences on Development
HIPAA
The SOCK Method – Overview
Admissions, Discharges, and Transfers
Developmental Considerations for the Hospitalized Individual
The SOCK Method – S
Developmental Considerations for End of Life Care
Patient Education
The SOCK Method – O
The SOCK Method – C
The SOCK Method – K
Anxiety
Basics of Calculations
Brief CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) Overview
Cultural Care
Cultural Care
Gestation & Nägele’s Rule: Estimating Due Dates
Gestation & Nägele’s Rule: Estimating Due Dates
Growth and Development – Prenatal
The EKG (ECG) Graph
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Appendicitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease (CKD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Dimensional Analysis Nursing (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
EKG (ECG) Waveforms
Environmental Health
Environmental Health
Fire and Electrical Safety
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Gravidity and Parity (G&Ps, GTPAL)
Growth & Development – Neonate
Impetigo
Leukemia
Sodium-Na (Hypernatremia, Hyponatremia)
Access to Care
Calcium-Ca (Hypercalcemia, Hypocalcemia)
Calculating Heart Rate
Diabetes Management
Dialysis & Other Renal Points
Lymphoma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Oral Medications
Pediculosis Capitis
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Radiation Safety for Nurses
Burn Injuries
Chloride-Cl (Hyperchloremia, Hypochloremia)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Disposal of Medical Waste
Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses
Fundal Height Assessment for Nurses
Injectable Medications
Oncology Important Points
Somatoform
Technology & Informatics
Technology & Informatics
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Fall and Injury Prevention
Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar Non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
IV Infusions (Solutions)
Magnesium-Mg (Hypomagnesemia, Hypermagnesemia)
Maternal Risk Factors
Complex Calculations (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
High-Risk Behaviors
Mood Disorders (Bipolar)
Phosphorus-Phos
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Ulcerative Colitis(UC)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Crohn’s Disease
Depression
Restraints 101
Isolation Precaution Types (PPE)
Immunizations (Vaccinations)
Infection Stages
Paranoid Disorders
Personality Disorders
Cognitive Impairment Disorders
Eating Disorders (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa)
Alcohol Withdrawal (Addiction)
Grief and Loss
Suicidal Behavior
Legal Aspects of Documentation
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Overview of Childhood Growth & Development
Physiological Changes
Physiological Changes
Program Planning
Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cholecystitis
Discomforts of Pregnancy
Discomforts of Pregnancy
Documentation Basics
Growth & Development – Infants
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Practice Settings
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Bradycardia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Antepartum Testing
Community Aggregates
Documentation Pro Tips
Growth & Development – Toddlers
Hemophilia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hepatitis (Liver Disease)
Sinus Tachycardia
Sinus Tachycardia
Atrial Flutter
Care of Vulnerable Populations
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cirrhosis (Liver Disease, Hepatic encephalopathy, Portal Hypertension, Esophageal Varices)
Growth & Development – Preschoolers
Nutrition in Pregnancy
Nutrition in Pregnancy
Pacemakers
SBAR Communication
Atrial Fibrillation (A Fib)
Atrial Fibrillation (A Fib)
Communicable Diseases
Communicable Diseases
Growth & Development – School Age- Adolescent
Handoff Report
Disasters & Bioterrorism
Disasters & Bioterrorism
Growth & Development -Transitioning to Adult Care
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
Continuity of Care
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
Ventricular Tachycardia (V-tach)
Ventricular Tachycardia (V-tach)
Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)
Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)
1st Degree AV Heart Block
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 1 (Mobitz I, Wenckebach)
2nd Degree AV Heart Block Type 2 (Mobitz II)
3rd Degree AV Heart Block (Complete Heart Block)
Abortion in Nursing: Spontaneous, Induced, and Missed
Growth & Development – Early Adulthood
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Anemia in Pregnancy
Benzodiazepines
Delegation
Growth & Development – Middle Adulthood
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Cardiac (Heart) Disease in Pregnancy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Endometriosis
Growth & Development – Late Adulthood
Nephroblastoma
Prioritization
Chorioamnionitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Menopause
Triage
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Gestational Diabetes (GDM)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Ectopic Pregnancy
Hematomas in OB Nursing: Causes, Symptoms, and Nursing Care
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Thrombophlebitis (clot)
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar pregnancy)
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar pregnancy)
Gestational HTN (Hypertension)
Gestational HTN (Hypertension)
Infections in Pregnancy
Infections in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia: Signs, Symptoms, Nursing Care, and Magnesium Sulfate
Preeclampsia: Signs, Symptoms, Nursing Care, and Magnesium Sulfate
HELLP Syndrome
Fertilization and Implantation
Fever
Overview of the Nursing Process
Dehydration
Fetal Development
Fetal Development
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Process – Assess
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiogenic Shock
Fetal Environment
Fetal Environment
Nursing Process – Diagnose
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Distributive Shock
Fetal Circulation
Fetal Circulation
Nursing Process – Plan
Nursing Process – Implement
Nursing Process – Evaluate
Critical Thinking
Thinking Like a Nurse
The Nurse Routine
Nurse-Patient Relationship
Process of Labor
Process of Labor
Vomiting
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Dysfunction – Diarrhea
Mechanisms of Labor
Mechanisms of Labor
Therapeutic Communication
Defense Mechanisms
Leopold Maneuvers
Leopold Maneuvers
Celiac Disease
Fetal Heart Monitoring (FHM)
Fetal Heart Monitoring (FHM)
Self Concept
Appendicitis
Obstetrical Procedures
Patients with Communication Difficulties
Grief and Loss
Intussusception
Stress and Crisis
Abuse
Constipation and Encopresis (Incontinence)
Patient Positioning
Complications of Immobility
Conjunctivitis
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Placenta Previa
Placenta Previa
Types of Exercise
Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)
Abruptio Placentae (Placental abruption)
Mechanical Aids
Tonsillitis
Preterm Labor
Bowel Elimination
Precipitous Labor
Precipitous Labor
Dystocia
Dystocia
Pain and Nonpharmacological Comfort Measures
Shock
Hygiene
Overview of Developmental Theories
Postpartum Physiological Maternal Changes
Postpartum Physiological Maternal Changes
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Postpartum Interventions
Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
MAOIs
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
Postpartum Discomforts
Postpartum Discomforts
Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
Asthma
Family Structure and Impact on Development
SSRIs
Body Image Changes Throughout Development
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Cultural Awareness and Influences on Development
Developmental Considerations for the Hospitalized Individual
TCAs
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Intake and Output (I&O)
Postpartum Hematoma
Defects of Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Blood Glucose Monitoring
Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Defects of Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Mastitis
Nutrition Assessments
Insulin
Nutrition (Diet) in Disease
Obstructive Heart (Cardiac) Defects
Subinvolution
Mixed (Cardiac) Heart Defects
Postpartum Thrombophlebitis
Specialty Diets (Nutrition)
Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition (Diet, TPN)
Hierarchy of O2 Delivery
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
Initial Care of the Newborn (APGAR)
Initial Care of the Newborn (APGAR)
Nephrotic Syndrome
Artificial Airways
Enuresis
Newborn Physical Exam
Newborn Physical Exam
Airway Suctioning
Body System Assessments
Body System Assessments
Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
Newborn Reflexes
Newborn Reflexes
Babies by Term
Babies by Term
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Introduction to Health Assessment
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System
Head to Toe Nursing Assessment (Physical Exam)
Meconium Aspiration
Meningitis
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)
Spina Bifida – Neural Tube Defect (NTD)
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Addicted Newborn
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Newborn of HIV+ Mother
Newborn of HIV+ Mother
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Cardiac Glycosides
Tocolytics
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone
Scoliosis
Magnesium Sulfate
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Nursing Considerations
Opioid Analgesics
Prostaglandins
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)
Meds for PPH (postpartum hemorrhage)
Rh Immune Globulin (Rhogam)
Lung Surfactant
Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn (Erythromycin)
Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
Hb (Hepatitis) Vaccine
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Nursing Considerations
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Nursing Considerations
Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Atypical Antipsychotics
Rubeola – Measles
Mumps
Varicella – Chickenpox
Pertussis – Whooping Cough
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Epoetin Alfa
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Magnesium Sulfate
NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Hydralazine (Apresoline) Nursing Considerations
Nitro Compounds
Vasopressin
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Oxygenation
ABG Course (Arterial Blood Gas) Introduction
ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values
ABGs Tic-Tac-Toe interpretation Method
Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Lab Values
Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Lab Values
Absolute Reticulocyte Count (ARC) Lab Values
Absolute Reticulocyte Count (ARC) Lab Values
Addiction – Behavioral Problems Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 D’s)
Addisons Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (STEROID)
ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)
Adrenal Gland Hormones Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 S’s)
Airborne Precaution Diseases Nursing Mnemonic (MTV)
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Lab Values
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Lab Values
Albumin Lab Values
Albumin Lab Values
Alcoholism – Outcomes Nursing Mnemonic (BAD)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK PHOS) Lab Values
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK PHOS) Lab Values
Alkalosis and Acidosis Nursing Mnemonic (Kick Up, Drop Down)
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Lab Values
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Lab Values
Altered Mental Status Nursing Mnemonic (AEIOU TIPS)
Alzheimer – Diagnosis Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 A’s)
Ammonia (NH3) Lab Values
Ammonia (NH3) Lab Values
Anion Gap
Anion Gap
Anion Gap Acidosis 1 Nursing Mnemonic (KULT)
Anion Gap Acidosis 2 Nursing Mnemonic (MUDPILES)
Anorexia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANOREXIA)
Antepartum Testing
Anticholinergics – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (4 Can’ts)
Antinuclear Antibody Lab Values
Antinuclear Antibody Lab Values
Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)
Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)
Aortic Stenosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAD)
Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)
ARDS causes Nursing Mnemonic (GUT PASS)
Arterial Blood Gases Nursing Mnemonic (ROME)
Assessment for Myasthenic Crisis Nursing Mnemonic (BRISH)
Assessment of a Burn Nursing Mnemonic (SCALD)
Assessment of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Nursing Mnemonic (GBS=PAID)
Asthma management Nursing Mnemonic (ASTHMA)
At Risk for Gout Nursing Mnemonic (MALE)
AVPU Mnemonic (The AVPU Scale)
Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)
Base Excess & Deficit
Benzodiazepines Nursing Mnemonic (Donuts and TLC)
Beta 1 and Beta 2 Nursing Mnemonic (1 Heart, 2 Lungs)
Beta Hydroxy (BHB) Lab Values
Beta Hydroxy (BHB) Lab Values
Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values
Bicarbonate (HCO3) Lab Values
Bleeding Complications (Minor) Nursing Mnemonic (BEEP)
Bleeding Precautions Nursing Mnemonic (RANDI)
Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Lab Values
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Lab Values
BPH Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (FUN WISE)
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Lab Values
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Lab Values
Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 1 Nursing Mnemonic (BULIMIA)
Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (WASHED)
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Lab Values
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Lab Values
Cancer – Early Warning Signs Nursing Mnemonic (CAUTION UP)
Cancer – Nursing Priorities Nursing Mnemonic (CANCER)
Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)
Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Lab Values
Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Lab Values
Carboxyhemoglobin Lab Values
Carboxyhemoglobin Lab Values
Cardiac (Heart) Enzymes
Cardiac (Heart) Enzymes
Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)
Caring Licensed Practical Nurse Nursing Mnemonic (CLPN)
Causes of Anaphylaxis Nursing Mnemonic (Many Boys Love Food)
Causes of Chorioamnionitis Nursing Mnemonic (Pregnancies Are Very Interesting)
Causes of Dyspnea Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 P’s)
Causes of Labor Dystocia Nursing Mnemonic (Having Extremely Frustrating Labor)
Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)
Causes of Poor Gas Exchange Nursing Mnemonic (All People Can Value Lungs)
Causes of Postpartum Hemorrhage Nursing Mnemonic (4 T’s)
Causes of Renal Calculi Nursing Mnemonic (Patients Complain of Pain and Difficulty Urinating)
Chest Tube Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (Two AA’s)
CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Child Abuse/Neglect – Warning Signs Nursing Mnemonic (CHILD ABUSE)
CHO, CHO, CHON Nursing Mnemonic (CHO, CHO, CHON)
Cholesterol (Chol) Lab Values
Cholesterol (Chol) Lab Values
Cholinergic Crisis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SLUDGE)
Chorioamnionitis
Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)
Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)
Cleft Lip Repair – Post Op Care Nursing Mnemonic (CLEFT LIP)
Coagulation Studies (PT, PTT, INR)
Coagulation Studies (PT, PTT, INR)
Common Pathogens for UTI Nursing Mnemonic (KEEPS)
Common Signs of Parkinson’s Nursing Mnemonic (SMART)
Community Health Tool Nursing Mnemonic (MAP-IT)
Complications of Spinal Cord Injuries Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFG)
Complications of Thoracentesis Nursing Mnemonic (Patients Sometimes Bleed Internally)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Labs
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Labs
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Labs
COPD management Nursing Mnemonic (COPD)
Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)
Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)
Cortisol Lab Vales
Cortisol Lab Vales
Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 01 Nursing Mnemonic (Olympic Opium Occupies Troubled Triathletes After Finishing Vegas Gambling Vacations Still High)
Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 02 Nursing Mnemonic (Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet AH!)
Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 03 Nursing Mnemonic (On Old Obando Tower Top A Filipino Army Guards Villages And Huts)
Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) Lab Values
Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) Lab Values
Creatinine (Cr) Lab Values
Creatinine (Cr) Lab Values
Creatinine Clearance Lab Values
Creatinine Clearance Lab Values
Crohn’s Morphology and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CHRISTMAS)
Cultures
Cultures
Cushings Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (STRESSED)
Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) Lab Values
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) Lab Values
D-Dimer (DDI) Lab Values
D-Dimer (DDI) Lab Values
Decrease ICP Nursing Mnemonic (Craniums Excite Me)
Dementia Nursing Mnemonic (DEMENTIA)
Depression Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (SIGNS)
Diabetes Insipidus Nursing Mnemonic (DDD)
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1- Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 P’s)
Diagnostic Criteria for Lupus Nursing Mnemonic (SOAP BRAIN MD)
Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)
Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated) Lab Values
Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated) Lab Values
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Dissociative Disorders
Diverticulitis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Fix His Abscess SOon)
DKA Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (KING UFC)
Drug Interactions Nursing Mnemonic (These Drugs Can Interact)
Drugs for Bradycardia & Low Blood Pressure Nursing Mnemonic (IDEA)
Drugs that Cause SJS Nursing Mnemonic (I C NASA)
Dysrhythmias Labs
Dysrhythmias Labs
Ectopic Pregnancy
Eczema
Electrolytes – Location in Body Nursing Mnemonic (PISO)
Emergency Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (LEAN)
Environmental Health Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (I PREPARE)
Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)
Episiotomy – Evaluation of Healing Nursing Mnemonic (REEDA)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Lab Values
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Lab Values
Evaluation of Irregular Moles Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDE)
Exercise Guidelines Nursing Mnemonic (FIT)
Factors That Can Put a Pregnancy at Risk Nursing Mnemonic (RIBCAGE)
Family Planning & Contraception
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Fetal Distress Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (Stop MOAN)
Fetal Wellbeing Assessment Tests Nursing Mnemonic (ALONE)
Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP) Lab Values
Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP) Lab Values
Fibrinogen Lab Values
Fibrinogen Lab Values
Fire Safety 1 Nursing Mnemonic (PASS)
Fire Safety 2 Nursing Mnemonic (RACE)
Flu Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (FACTS)
Fluid Compartments
Free T4 (Thyroxine) Lab Values
Free T4 (Thyroxine) Lab Values
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Lab Values
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Lab Values
GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)
Gestational Diabetes (GDM)
Global Symptoms for Brain Tumors Nursing Mnemonic (HAS)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Glucagon Lab Values
Glucagon Lab Values
Glucose Lab Values
Glucose Lab Values
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) Lab Values
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) Lab Values
Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)
Gravidity and Parity (G&Ps, GTPAL)
Growth Hormone (GH) Lab Values
Growth Hormone (GH) Lab Values
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)
HELLP Syndrome – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (HELLP)
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Hemodynamics
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hemoglobin (Hbg) Lab Values
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C)
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C)
Hemorrhagic Stroke Risk Factors Nursing Mnemonic (HATS)
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Lab Values
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Lab Values
Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)
High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)
High Risk Behavior Nursing Mnemonic (HEADSS)
Homocysteine (HCY) Lab Values
Homocysteine (HCY) Lab Values
Human Growth & Development Course Introduction
Hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice)
Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)
Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)
Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)
Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)
Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (FRIED)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (SWINE)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)
Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)
Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)
Hypoglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Cool and Clammy – Give ‘Em Candy)
Hypoglycemia symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DIRE)
Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)
Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms (in Pediatrics) Nursing Mnemonic (FINES)
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (RAT BED)
IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (SCUM)
Incompetent Cervix
Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)
Inflammation- Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (HIPER)
Insulin Mnemonic (Ready, Set, Inject, Love)
Interventions for Aphasia Nursing Mnemonic (PROP)
Intra Uterine Device – Potential Problems Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)
Intrarenal Causes of Acute Kidney Injury Nursing Mnemonic (TONIC)
Ionized Calcium Lab Values
Ionized Calcium Lab Values
Iron (Fe) Lab Values
Iron (Fe) Lab Values
Ischemic (CVA) Stroke Labs
Ischemic (CVA) Stroke Labs
Lab Panels
Lab Panels
Lab Values Course Introduction
Lab Values Course Introduction
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Lab Values
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Lab Values
Lactic Acid
Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)
Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)
Levels of Prevention
Lidocaine Toxicity – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAMS)
Lipase Lab Values
Lipase Lab Values
Lithium Lab Values
Lithium Lab Values
Liver Function Tests
Liver Function Tests
Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)
Lymphoma – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (NURSE For Pete’s Sake)
Management of Glomerulonephritis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Help Deliver Diuretics)
Management of Lyme Disease Nursing Mnemonic (BAR)
Management of Pressure Ulcers (Pressure Injuries) Nursing Mnemonic (SKIN)
Manic Attack – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DIG FAST)
MAO Inhibitors Nursing Mnemonic (TIPS)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Nursing
Mastitis
Maternal Risk Factors
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Lab Values
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Lab Values
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) Lab Values
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) Lab Values
Meconium Aspiration
Medication Classess for IBD Nursing Mnemonic (Sometimes I Can’t Answer)
Medications for Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Make Tummy Better)
Medications to Prevent Seizures Nursing Mnemonic (Pretty Little Liars Forever)
Meningitis Assessment Findings Nursing Mnemonic (FAN LIPS)
Menstrual Cycle
Metabolic Acidosis (interpretation and nursing diagnosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis
Methemoglobin (MHGB) Lab Values
Methemoglobin (MHGB) Lab Values
Mnemonic for Organ Systems (MR DICE RUNS)
Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DEMYELINATION)
Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)
Myocardial Infarction Nursing Mnemonic (MONATAS)
Myoglobin (MB) Lab Values
Myoglobin (MB) Lab Values
OB Non-Stress Test Results Nursing Mnemonic (NNN)
OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)
Oral Birth Control Pills – Serious Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Aches)
Order of Lab Draws
Order of Lab Draws
Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Pediatric Bronchiolitis Labs
Pharmacokinetics Nursing Mnemonic (ADME)
Phosphorus (PO4) Blood Test Lab Values
Phosphorus (PO4) Blood Test Lab Values
Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Platelets (PLT) Lab Values
Pneumonia Labs
Pneumonia Labs
Pneumonia Risk Factors Nursing Mnemonic (VENTS)
Pneumothorax Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (P-THORAX)
Possible Infections During Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (TORCH)
Post-Partum Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (BUBBLE)
Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Potassium-K (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia)
Prealbumin (PAB) Lab Values
Prealbumin (PAB) Lab Values
Pregnancy Labs
Pregnancy Labs
Pregnancy Outcomes Nursing Mnemonic (GTPAL)
Premature Rupture of the Membranes (PROM)
Preterm Labor
Probable Signs of Pregnancy Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP BUGS)
Procalcitonin (PCT) Lab Values
Procalcitonin (PCT) Lab Values
Process of Labor – Mom Nursing Mnemonic (4 P’s)
Process of Labor – Baby Nursing Mnemonic (ALPPPS)
Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)
Prostate Nursing Mnemonic (FUN)
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Lab Values
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Lab Values
Protein (PROT) Lab Values
Protein (PROT) Lab Values
Protein in Urine Lab Values
Protein in Urine Lab Values
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Pulmonary edema treatment Nursing Mnemonic (MAD DOG)
Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)
Reactivation of Herpes Zoster Nursing Mnemonic (FICA)
Reasons for a Bronchoscopy Nursing Mnemonic (Please Assess His Weird Bronchoscopy Results)
Reasons for Chest Tube Nursing Mnemonic (Don’t Ever Fail)
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Lab Values
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Lab Values
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Lab Values
Renal (Kidney) Failure Labs
Renal (Kidney) Failure Labs
Respiratory Acidosis (interpretation and nursing interventions)
Respiratory Alkalosis
Restrictive Lung Disease Causes Nursing Mnemonic (PAINT)
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (RHEUMATOID)
Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)
Risk Factors for Osteoporosis Nursing Mnemonic (ACCESS)
ROME – ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation
Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)
SBAR Communication Nursing Mnemonic (SBAR)
Schizophrenia
Scleroderma Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CREST)
Seizure Causes Nursing Mnemonic (VITAMIN)
Seizure Documentation Nursing Mnemonic (TDOC)
Senile Dementia – Assess for Changes Nursing Mnemonic (JAMCO)
Sepsis Labs
Sepsis Labs
Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)
Shorthand Lab Values
Shorthand Lab Values
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)
Signs of Osteoarthritis Nursing Mnemonic (OSTEO)
Signs of Pregnancy (Presumptive, Probable, Positive)
Sprains and Strains – Nursing Care Nursing Mnemonic (RICE)
SSRI’s Nursing Mnemonic (Effective For Sadness, Panic, and Compulsions)
Stages of Fetal Development Nursing Mnemonic (Proficiently Expanding Fetus)
Stages of Hepatitis Nursing Mnemonic (PIP)
Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)
Steps in the Nursing Process 2 Nursing Mnemonic (AAPIE)
Steps In The Nursing Process 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SOAPIE)
Steroids – Side Effects Nursing Mnemonic (6 S’s)
Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism Nursing Mnemonic (SWEATING)
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism Nursing Mnemonic (MOM’S SO TIRED)
Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome Nursing Mnemonic (NAPHROTIC)
Symptoms of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy Nursing Mnemonic (COAT)
TB Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (RIPE)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Lab Values
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Lab Values
Thyroxine (T4) Lab Values
Thyroxine (T4) Lab Values
Total Bilirubin (T. Billi) Lab Values
Total Bilirubin (T. Billi) Lab Values
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) Lab Values
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) Lab Values
Toxicity Sepsis- Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 T’s)
Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)
Traction – Nursing Care Nursing Mnemonic (TRACTION)
Transient Incontinence – Common Causes Nursing Mnemonic (P-DIAPERS)
Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)
Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)
Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)
Treatment of Sickle Cell Nursing Mnemonic (HOP to the hospital)
Triage Nursing Mnemonic (START)
Triiodothyronine (T3) Lab Values
Triiodothyronine (T3) Lab Values
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Two pathways of the peripheral nervous system Nursing Mnemonic (SAME)
Types of Anemia Nursing Mnemonic (Always Introduce Special Patients)
Types of Hemorrhoids Nursing Mnemonic (Pie)
Ulcerative Colitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (MADE 10)
Umbilical Cord Vasculature Nursing Mnemonic (2A1V)
Urinalysis (UA)
Urinalysis (UA)
Urinary Elimination
Urine Culture and Sensitivity Lab Values
Urine Culture and Sensitivity Lab Values
Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)
Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)
Vasospasm Therapy Nursing Mnemonic (Triple H Therapy)
VEAL CHOP Nursing Mnemonic (Fetal Accelerations and Decelerations) (VEAL CHOP)
Vitamin B12 Lab Values
Vitamin B12 Lab Values
Vitamin D Lab Values
Vitamin D Lab Values
Vitamins – Fat Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (All Dogs Eat Kibble)
Vitamins – Water Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (Birth Control)
Walkers Nursing Mnemonic (Wandering Wilma Always Late)
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
White Blood Cell (WBC) Lab Values
Who Needs Dialysis Nursing Mnemonic (AEIOU)