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Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

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Study Tools For Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Side Effects of Chemotherapy (Image)

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Outline

Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient)

Definition/Etiology:

Immunocompromise – failure of absence of elements in the immune system.

Can occur as primary or secondary (we usually see secondary in the ER).

Primary – Born with it such as DiGeroge Syndrome

Secondary – Acquired such as HIV/AIDs, organ transplant, oncology with chemo.

Neutropenic – WBCs <1,000

Pathophysiology:

HIV/AIDs – disease process is to kill CD4 cells (which help with our immunity). HIV becomes AIDs when CD4 count falls below 200.
Oncology/Chemo – chemo works to kill off fastest growing cells in the body (both good and bad) so also kills off any developing WBCs making the person immunocompromised
Organ transplant – on immunosuppressant drugs to prevent organ rejection

Clinical Presentation:

Usually present with secondary infections.
Fever (maybe)
Pain
Low WBCs (less than 1,000)
If organ transplant, pain at the transplant site.

Collaborative Management:

Treatment based upon complaint
Labs
Neutropenic precautions
Appropriate hand hygiene shown to be the most effective measure
Limit the number of people in the room if possible.

Evaluation | Patient Monitoring | Education:

Monitoring/Educate primary complaint
In addition, maintain and educate on neutropenic precautions
No fresh fruits or flowers

Linchpins: (Key Points)

Immunocompromised with a fever = bad news
Isolate
Neutropenic precautions
“No fresh fruits or flowers”

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Transcript

For more great CEN prep, got to the link below to purchase the “Emergency Nursing Examination Review” book by Dr. Laura Gasparis Vonfrolio RN, PHD
https://greatnurses.com/

References:

Department of Health. AIDS Institute. (2003). Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/aids/
Haug, S. (2017). Neutropenic Precautions.
Neutropenia: What it is, types, symptoms & causes. Cleveland Clinic. (2022, May). Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21058-neutropenia
Steigbigel, N. Neutropenic Precautions Demystified.
Vaillant, A. A. J., & Qurie, A. (2021). Immunodeficiency. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.

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Exam 4

Concepts Covered:

Study Plan Lessons

02.14 Shock Stages for CCRN Review

02.15 Hypovolemic Shock for CCRN Review

02.16 Cardiogenic Shock for CCRN Review

02.17 Septic Shock for CCRN Review

Acute Kidney Injury Case Study (60 min)

Acute Renal (Kidney) Module Intro

Admissions, Discharges, and Transfers

Age and Culturally Appropriate Health Assessment Techniques for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

AIDS Case Study (45 min)

Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Assessment for Myasthenic Crisis Nursing Mnemonic (BRISH)

Blood Salvage Transfusion Anticipation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Cardiogenic Shock and Obstructive Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Cardiogenic Shock For PCCN for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Causes of Anaphylaxis Nursing Mnemonic (Many Boys Love Food)

Causes of Dyspnea Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 P’s)

Causes of Renal Calculi Nursing Mnemonic (Patients Complain of Pain and Difficulty Urinating)

Chemotherapy Patients

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Case Study (45 min)

Chronic Renal (Kidney) Module Intro

Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT, dialysis)

Diagnostic Criteria for Lupus Nursing Mnemonic (SOAP BRAIN MD)

Dialysis & Other Renal Points

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Epoetin (Epogen) Nursing Considerations

Epinephrine (EpiPen) Nursing Considerations

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Lab Values

Fluid Volume Overload

Genitourinary (GU) Assessment

Genitourinary Course Introduction

Genitourinary Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Genitourinary Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Hemodialysis (Renal Dialysis)

Hematology/Oncology/Immunology Course Introduction

Hematology Module Intro

Hemorrhage Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)

Hyperglycemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (FRIED)

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (SWINE)

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)

Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)

Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)

Hypoglycemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Hypoglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Cool and Clammy – Give ‘Em Candy)

Hypoglycemia symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DIRE)

Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)

Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)

Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Immunology Module Intro

Implant Preparation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Implant Records and Tracking for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Implant Verification and Availability for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Intake and Output (I&O)

Intrarenal Causes of Acute Kidney Injury Nursing Mnemonic (TONIC)

Management of Glomerulonephritis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Help Deliver Diuretics)

Metabolic Acidosis (interpretation and nursing diagnosis)

Metabolic/Endocrine Course Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DEMYELINATION)

Nephrotic Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)

Neurogenic Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Neurological Disorders (Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiogenic Shock

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Distributive Shock

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypovolemic Shock

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Myasthenia Gravis

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Scleroderma

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sepsis

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney (Renal) Injury (AKI)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease (CKD)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Kidney Injury

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anemia

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anaphylaxis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiogenic Shock

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Kidney Disease

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glomerulonephritis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Kidney Cancer

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myasthenia Gravis (MG)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Nephrotic Syndrome

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Osteoarthritis (OA), Degenerative Joint Disease

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Renal Calculi

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rhabdomyolysis

Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Nursing Care Plan for Distributive Shock

Nursing Care Plan for Scleroderma

Nursing Case Study for Acute Kidney Injury

Nursing Case Study for Cardiogenic Shock

Nursing Case Study for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Obstruction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Obstructions for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Patient and Healthcare Team Safety (Disasters, Environmental Hazards) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Patient Positioning

Patient Positioning (Performance) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)

Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)

Protein in Urine Lab Values

Renal (Kidney) Failure Labs

Renal Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Renal Failure- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (RHEUMATOID)

Scleroderma Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CREST)

Sepsis Concept Map

Sepsis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)

Sepsis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Septic Shock (Sepsis) Case Study (45 min)

Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)

Shock Module Intro

Shock States (Anaphylactic, Hypovolemic) For PCCN for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Signs of Osteoarthritis Nursing Mnemonic (OSTEO)

Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome Nursing Mnemonic (NAPHROTIC)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Vitamin D Lab Values

Who Needs Dialysis Nursing Mnemonic (AEIOU)

06.01 Organ Failure, Dysfunction & Trauma for CCRN Review

09.01 Acute Renal Failure Overview for CCRN Review

09.03 Acute Renal (Pre-Renal vs Renal) Failure for CCRN Review

09.05 Chronic Renal Failure for CCRN Review

ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) Interpretation-The Basics

ABGs Nursing Normal Lab Values