Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
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Study Tools For Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
DKA Treatment (Mnemonic)
DKA Pathochart (Cheatsheet)
DKA vs HHNS (Cheatsheet)
Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus (Image)
Treatment for DKA and HHNS (Image)
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Outline
Overview
- Severe Hyperglycemia with Ketoacidosis
Pathophysiology:
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs with severe hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. This occurs because the blood sugar is so elevated and there is not enough insulin to take the sugar to the cell. The cell needs energy. Since the cell can not get the energy from the sugar (because no insulin) it uses fatty acids for energy. As the body burns up fatty acids to produce energy, it produces a by-product. The by-product of this process is ketones which is acidic. As acids build up this will cause metabolic acidosis. As the ketones build up in the body the patient will spill ketones into the urine showing positive ketones in the urine. The body will do Kussmaul respirations to try and breathe out the CO2 and get rid of the acid.
Nursing Points
General
- Type I Diabetes Mellitus – Acute Exacerbation
- Body has NO insulin→ can’t get glucose into cell → breaks down fatty acids for energy → Ketones (Acids)
- Sudden onset → stress, infection
Assessment
- Ketoacidosis
- Acidosis (pH <7.35, HCO3- <22)
- Ketones in Urine
- Fruity Breath (due to ketones)
- Kussmaul Respirations
- Trying to breathe off Co2 to compensate for acidosis
- Patients can tire easily
- Hyperkalemia
- K+ leaves the cell to compensate for acidemia
- Hyperglycemia
- Blood Glucose 400-600 mg/dL
- Severe Dehydration
- Osmotic Diuresis
- Polyuria
- ↑ BUN, Creatinine
- Altered LOC (cellular dehydration)
Therapeutic Management
- First nursing action = begin fluid replacement and check electrolytes
- Treatment Priority = correct acidosis
- Insulin therapy → so the body can STOP breakdown of fatty acids
- Without insulin, DKA will continue to progress, despite fluid replacement
- Insulin therapy continues until anion gap acidosis has fully resolved
- Continue replacing fluids as needed
- Helps manage the dehydration caused by the hyperosmolarity
- Monitor neurological status
- Monitor and treat electrolyte imbalances
Nursing Concepts
- Acid-Base Balance
- Monitor Arterial Blood Gases and Anion Gap
- Monitor Respiratory status
- Glucose Metabolism
- Blood sugar checks q1h
- Intensive insulin therapy (IV – Regular Insulin)
- May continue even after blood sugar down (goal = correct acidosis)
- Evaluate urine for glucose/ketones
- Fluid & Electrolytes
- Give IV Fluids (IVF)
- Monitor electrolytes & replace as needed
- Potassium may ↓ with insulin therapy
- May add KCl to IVF
Patient Education
- Continue to monitor blood sugars and take insulin even on a sick day
- Do not skip doses of insulin
- Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia (before DKA) to alert to a problem earlier
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Transcript
Hey guys, my name is Brad and welcome to nursing.com. And in today’s video, we’re going to be discussing diabetic ketoacidosis, also known as DKA, a lot of the pathophysiology behind it, some signs and symptoms, as well as how we’re going to treat our patient. Let’s dive in.
So in DKA, what we’re essentially looking at here is too much sugar and too much acid, right? We call it diabetic ketoacidosis. Okay. Another way to think about it is diabetes causing acidosis. That’s essentially exactly what we have here. We have an acidosis which is brought on by diabetes, right? Remembering that diabetes is too much blood glucose. So we’re having too much sugar and this, through the release and break down of something called ketones, ends up causing acidosis.
So let’s actually discuss some of the pathophysiology of diabetes. Well, the first thing to know is that insulin is produced in the pancreas, right? From something in the pancreas called a beta cell. Beta cell is directly responsible for releasing insulin from the pancreas. Okay. And in instances where patients have diabetes, we basically have a breakdown in our beta cells and issues with insulin production. So as a result, we don’t have enough insulin being made. Now, why is this important? So here’s the way that I like to think about it. Right? Think about the cell of our body being a club, a nightclub and insulin is a bouncer at the front door, sitting on the surface of that cell, sitting outside of that nightclub. The only way that our friend glucose can get into the cell or get into the club is through this bouncer, insulin. Insulin is directly responsible for allowing glucose into the cell. Now, what would happen in cases such as diabetes, if insulin were not getting produced, if insulin called into work sick that night, and he’s not showing up at the club, he can’t allow glucose into the cell. If there’s no insulin on the surface of that cell glucose cannot get into the cell. And as a result, glucose is just going to build up in our vessels in our blood. And this is hyperglycemia. Now, what’s important to know here is two different kinds of concepts that would actually normally occur in a normally functioning pancreas, a person who does not have diabetes. Basically, how is glucose stored in instances of hyperglycemia, where we have too much blood sugar and how is glucose released into the blood in times of hypoglycemia, where we don’t have enough glucose in the blood. So there are two different things, right? The first one here is something called gluconeogenesis. Okay. This is essentially, in instances where we have hyperglycemia, where we have too much sugar in the blood, we’re going to lock some of this glucose away, right? We’re going to lock it away, in a glucose reserve, in a glucose storage container called glycogen. And then there is a second process called glycogenolysis. Okay. We already said that we’re, we’re storing glucose in these storage containers called glycogen. In glycogenolysis, we’re breaking open those storage containers, right? All in an attempt to release that glucose into the bloodstream. This is done by breaking down the glycogen reserves in the liver, breaking down the glycogen reserves in those fatty cells in order to release extra glucose into the bloodstream.
So let’s dive into the pathophysiology of the ketoacidosis component of DKA, right? What exactly is occurring here? A patient has diabetes. So we have low insulin production. We have no insulin release. As a result, the insulin is not there on the surface of the cell, like a bouncer, allowing glucose into the cell. Therefore, glucose is going to build up in that bloodstream, as we’ve already mentioned, resulting in hyperglycemia. Okay. We got that. If we have no insulin allowing glucose into the cell and we have excess glucose building up in the bloodstream, instead of going to the cell, it’s building up in the bloodstream, how does our brain interpret this, right? How’s our brain interpreting this? Well, our brain is thinking, why the heck are these cells not getting glucose, right? Why is there no glucose in these cells? Basically, the brain is saying our cells are being starved of glucose although we have hyperglycemia. Although we have an extreme excess amount of glucose in our blood, we’re not getting that glucose into those cells where it needs to go. The brain says, wait a minute, our cells are starving for glucose, they need more glucose. And so what does the body do to compensate? It attempts to release more glucose. It’s saying, Hey, we don’t have, we must not have, enough glucose in our blood. Let’s release more so that these starving cells can get the glucose they need. And how does our body release the glucose from those glycogen storages, remember, it does it through glycogenolysis right? The actual breakdown of those glycogen storages. So what occurs, as I mentioned in the previous slide, we’re going to break down the glycogen reserves in the liver. We’re also going to break down the glycogen reserves in those fatty cells. Now, the problem is, whenever we actually break down one of these fatty cells where glycogen is being stored, sure, we’re going to release glucose, right? That’s what our brain is telling our body to do. A by-product of the glycogenolysis that occurs in these fatty cells is the release of ketones as well. Now, similar to CO2, if you have seen that video, CO2 is an acid. Okay? So are ketones, they are also an acid. This is important. As we mentioned in our ABGs video, we have a very narrow pH range, a normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45. If we have an excess of release of ketones into the blood, this is going to drive our pH to become more acidic, therefore becoming less than 7.35. And we will recall from our ABGs video that because that range is so narrow, any alterations going below 7.35 or above 7.45 can lead to cellular destruction. It’s incredibly problematic in patients. And this is what the entire issue with the cascade of symptoms with diabetic ketoacidosis is. Again, we have too much blood glucose in our blood because we don’t have insulin. It can’t get to the cells. The cells are starving. The brain says, Hey, our cells are starving, we need to release more blood glucose. Glycogenolysis occurs. The release of glucose occurs leading to further hyperglycemia. Oh, and by the way, here’s some ketones on top, releasing those acidic ketones into the blood leading to acidosis.
So regarding some assessment findings of DKA, patients are going to have fruity breath. That’s a hallmark sign of patients who have DKA. Ketones because of that glycogenolysis, right? Dehydration can also occur, right? Also altered levels of consciousness, right? Our pH is low, less than 7.35, we are acidotic, we have cellular alteration in our blood pH. We can have altered levels of consciousness. We’re also going to see, again, hyperglycemia, typically a capillary blood glucose greater than 250. We’re also going to be doing, regarding our assessment, Q1 hour glucose checks, as well as frequent neuro checks related to that altered levels of consciousness. And we’re also going to be checking Q2 hour BMPs. We’re basically going to be looking at the amount of bicarbonate that their body is producing, wanting to make sure as we treat and correct their acidosis, we’re wanting to make sure that their bicarbonate levels are getting back to a normal range, as well as, again, you’ll remember from our ABGs video, bicarbonate is released to neutralize excessive acids and to restore a more normal blood pH level.
So how are we going to treat the patient in DKA? The first thing is we’re definitely going to use regular IV insulin. Again, we are insulin deficient in a patient who has diabetes, first of all, much less than one in DKA. We need insulin, right? So that, that excessive glucose in the bloodstream can go back into the cells where it belongs, but we’re going to be treating with IV insulin. We’re also going to be seeing hypotonic dextrose solutions. So imagine as you’re treating with IV insulin, patients blood glucose is to drop. And sometimes it can drop rapidly patients who are sitting there with a blood glucose of 400 for instance, if you drop them from 400 to 200, although 200 is still considered greatly hyperglycemic, you’re going to drop them too quickly. So one of the ways that we treat that is by using a hypotonic dextrose containing solution, it would be something like D5W (5% Dextrose in Water) or D5 ½ NS (5% Dextrose and 0.45 Sodium Chloride). The entire idea being that although we’re treating hyperglycemia with regular IV insulin, we don’t want their blood glucose to drop too rapidly as this is also dangerous. So we’re going to administer at a particular rate, some dextrose containing fluids to prevent their blood glucose from dropping too rapidly. Something else that’s also important to know is, not only is that insulin on that cell, you know, a bouncer to allow glucose in, also as a by-product insulin also allows potassium to go into the cells as well. Right? So what can actually occur as you’re administering insulin is you can have a depletion of your potassium levels. All of the potassium that was inside of your blood vessel is now going into the cell. And as a result, you can have hypokalemia. So we may end up seeing some electrolyte repletion being given as well.
And so to summarize some of our key points with DKA, remember in diabetic ketoacidosis, there’s too much sugar and there’s too much acid, right? Hyperglycemia resulting in ketoacidosis. This is why we call it diabetes causing acidosis. Also make sure that you’re familiar with the normal physiology that normally occurs, that fine balance of insulin production as well as glucose allocation, right? Through two different ways, right, either gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis. Remember how those two work together to maintain that fine balance of blood glucose. And then taking that knowledge and applying it to the pathophysiology associated with DKA. Make sure that you’re familiar with the different assessment findings and understanding that they all come back to the fact that we do not have enough insulin being produced. And we have an abundant production of glucose within the blood, as well as the release of ketones and all of the therapeutic management that we just discussed.
Guys, that was diabetic ketoacidosis. And now, you know, I hope that you guys go out there and be your best selves today. And as always, happy nursing.
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02.02 Cardiomyopathy for CCRN Review
02.06 Heart Murmurs for CCRN Review
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Endocarditis Case Study (45 min)
Endocarditis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Endoscopy & EGD
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Nursing Considerations
Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition (Diet, TPN)
Envenomation Emergencies for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Environmental Cleaning (Spills, Room Turnover, Terminal Cleaning) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Environmental Factor Control for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Environmental Stewardship (Waste Minimization) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Epinephrine (EpiPen) Nursing Considerations
Epoetin (Epogen) Nursing Considerations
Epoetin Alfa
Equipment Utilization (Manufacturers Recommendations) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Lab Values
Erythromycin (Erythrocin) Nursing Considerations
Esophageal Varices for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Essential NCLEX Meds by Class
Ethical and Professional Standards for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Evaluation of Irregular Moles Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDE)
Explant Preparation (Final Disposition) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Fentanyl (Duragesic) Nursing Considerations
Ferrous Sulfate (Iron) Nursing Considerations
Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP) Lab Values
Fibrinogen Lab Values
Fibromyalgia
Fluid Volume Overload
Formulating Nursing Diagnoses for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Fractures
Fractures (Open, Closed, Fat Embolus) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Free T4 (Thyroxine) Lab Values
Function Within Scope of Practice for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Functional GI Disorders (Obstruction, Ileus, Diabetic Gastroparesis, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Irritable Bowel Syndrome) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Functional Issues (Immobility, Falls, Gait Disorders) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Fundamentals Course Introduction
Gabapentin (Neurontin) Nursing Considerations
Gastritis
Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleed Concept Map
General Anesthesia
General Assessment (Physical assessment)
Genitourinary (GU) Assessment
Genitourinary Course Introduction
Genitourinary Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Genitourinary Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)
GI Bleed (Upper, Lower) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
GI Infections (C. difficile) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
GI Surgeries (Resections, Esophagogastrectomy, Bariatric) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Glaucoma
Glipizide (Glucotrol) Nursing Considerations
Global Symptoms for Brain Tumors Nursing Mnemonic (HAS)
Glucagon (GlucaGen) Nursing Considerations
Gout Case Study (45 min)
Gynecological Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Gynecological Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hand Hygiene Guideline Adherence for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Hazardous Material Handling and Disposition (Chemo, Radioactive) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Hb (Hepatitis) Vaccine
HCIR Management (Healthcare Industry Representative) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Head and Spinal Cord Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Head/Neck Assessment
Health Assessment Course Introduction
Healthcare Team Member Supervision and Education for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Healthcare-Acquired Infections: Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CAUTI) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Healthcare-Acquired Infections: Surgical Site Infections (SSI) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hearing Loss
Heart (Cardiac) and Great Vessels Assessment
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Module Intro
Heart (Cardiac) Failure Therapeutic Management
Heart (Cardiac) Sound Locations and Auscultation
Heart Failure – Live Tutoring Archive
Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)
Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Heart Failure 2 – Live Tutoring Archive
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)
Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)
Heat Temperature-related Emergencies for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hematologic Disorders for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hematology Module Intro
Hematology/Oncology/Immunology Course Introduction
Hemodialysis (Renal Dialysis)
Hemorrhage Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Hemorrhagic Fevers for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hemorrhagic Stroke Risk Factors Nursing Mnemonic (HATS)
Heparin (Hep-Lock) Nursing Considerations
Hepatic Disorders (Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Portal Hypertension) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Lab Values
Hepatitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hiatal Hernia
Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)
High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Hydralazine
Hygiene
Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)
Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar Non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
Hyperglycemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (FRIED)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (SWINE)
Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)
Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)
Hypertension (HTN) Concept Map
Hypertension (Uncontrolled) and Hypertensive Crisis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)
Hypertensive Crisis Case Study (45 min)
Hyperthermia (Thermoregulation)
Hyperthyroidism Case Study (75 min)
Hypertonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)
Hypoglycemia for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Hypoglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Cool and Clammy – Give ‘Em Candy)
Hypoglycemia symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DIRE)
Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)
Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypothermia (Thermoregulation)
Hypotonic Solutions (IV solutions)
Hypovolemic and Distributive Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Hypoxia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (RAT BED)
ICU Nurse Report to OR (Operating)Team
Immunocompromise (HIV and AIDS, Oncology and Chemotherapy, Transplant Patient) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Immunology Module Intro
Impaired or Disruptive Behavior Reporting (Interdisciplinary Healthcare Team) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Implant Preparation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Implant Records and Tracking for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Implant Verification and Availability for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Impulse Transmission
Increased Intraocular Pressure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Individualized Physical Assessments for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Infectious Diseases: Influenza for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Case Study (45 min)
Influenza for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Informed Consent
Inserting a Foley (Urinary Catheter) – Male
Inserting an NG (Nasogastric) Tube
Insulin
Insulin – Intermediate Acting (NPH) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Long Acting (Lantus) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Mixtures (70/30)
Insulin – Rapid Acting (Novolog, Humalog) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Short Acting (Regular) Nursing Considerations
Insulin Mnemonic (Ready, Set, Inject, Love)
Intake and Output (I&O)
Integumentary (Skin) Course Introduction
Integumentary (Skin) Important Points
Integumentary (Skin) Module Intro
Interdisciplinary Healthcare Team Collaboration for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Interdisciplinary Team Member Functions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Interdisciplinary Team Participation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Interventional Radiology
Interventions for Aphasia Nursing Mnemonic (PROP)
Intracranial Pressure ICP
Intraoperative (Intraop) Complications
Intraoperative Nursing Priorities
Intraoperative Positioning
Intrarenal Causes of Acute Kidney Injury Nursing Mnemonic (TONIC)
Intro to Health Assessment
Introduction to Health Assessment
Intubation in the OR
Iodine Nursing Considerations
Ionized Calcium Lab Values
Iron (Fe) Lab Values
Ischemic (CVA) Stroke Labs
Ischemic Bowel for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Isoniazid (Niazid) Nursing Considerations
IV Complications (infiltration, phlebitis, hematoma, extravasation, air embolism)
Kidney Cancer
Lacerations for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Lab Values
Lactic Acid
Leukemia
Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)
Leukemia Case Study (60 min)
Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Nursing Considerations
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Lidocaine (Xylocaine) Nursing Considerations
Lidocaine Toxicity – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAMS)
Linen Change
Lipase Lab Values
Lisinopril (Prinivil) Nursing Considerations
Live Bedside Report Medsurg (Medical surgical)
Liver Cancer
Liver/Gallbladder Module Intro
Local Anesthesia
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST) Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Loperamide (Imodium) Nursing Considerations
Losartan (Cozaar) Nursing Considerations
Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)
Lower Gastrointestinal (GI) Module Intro
Lung Cancer
Lung Diseases Module Intro
Lymphatic Assessment
Lymphoma
Lymphoma – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (NURSE For Pete’s Sake)
Macular Degeneration
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Malignant Hyperthermia
Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Mammogram
Management of Glomerulonephritis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Help Deliver Diuretics)
Management of Lyme Disease Nursing Mnemonic (BAR)
Management of Pressure Ulcers (Pressure Injuries) Nursing Mnemonic (SKIN)
Maxillofacial Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Mechanical Aids
Medication Classess for IBD Nursing Mnemonic (Sometimes I Can’t Answer)
Medications for Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (Please Make Tummy Better)
Medications to Prevent Seizures Nursing Mnemonic (Pretty Little Liars Forever)
Melanoma
Meniere’s Disease
Meningitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Meperidine (Demerol) Nursing Considerations
Meropenem (Merrem) Nursing Considerations
Metabolic & Endocrine Module Intro
Metabolic Acidosis (interpretation and nursing diagnosis)
Metabolic/Endocrine Course Introduction
Metformin (Glucophage) Nursing Considerations
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Nursing Considerations
Metoclopramide (Reglan) Nursing Considerations
Metoprolol (Toprol XL) Nursing Considerations
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Nursing Considerations
MI Surgical Intervention
Migraines
Minimally-Invasive Cardiac Surgery (Non-Sternal Approach) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Minimally-Invasive Thoracic Surgery (VATS) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Miscellaneous Nerve Disorders
Mobility & Assistive Devices
Moderate Sedation
Montelukast (Singulair) Nursing Considerations
Morphine (MS Contin) Nursing Considerations
Multiple Myeloma
Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (DEMYELINATION)
Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)
Musculoskeletal Assessment
Musculoskeletal Course Introduction
Musculoskeletal Module Intro
Myocardial Infarction (MI) Case Study (45 min)
Myocardial Infarction Nursing Mnemonic (MONATAS)
Naproxen (Aleve) Nursing Considerations
Nasal Disorders
Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Nursing Considerations
Nephrotic Syndrome Case Study (Peds) (45 min)
Neuro A&P Module Intro
Neuro Anatomy
Neuro Assessment Module Intro
Neuro Course Introduction
Neuro Disorders Module Intro
Neuro Trauma Module Intro
Neurogenic Shock for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Neurological Disorders (Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Neurological Fractures
NG (Nasogastric)Tube Management
Nitro Compounds
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Nursing Considerations
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) Nursing Considerations
Noncardiac Pulmonary Edema for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Nursing Considerations
NRSNG Live | So You Want to be a Surgical Nurse?
Nuclear Medicine
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Appendicitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Asthma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Chlamydia (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cholecystitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cirrhosis (Liver Disease, Hepatic encephalopathy, Portal Hypertension, Esophageal Varices)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Compartment Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Crohn’s Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Cushings Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Distributive Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Diverticulosis – Diverticulitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Endometriosis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Epididymitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Gonorrhea (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Gout
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hemorrhagic Stroke (CVA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hemorrhoids
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hepatitis (Liver Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Simplex (HSV, STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hyperparathyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hyperthyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypothyroidism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Influenza (Flu)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Ischemic Stroke (CVA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Male Infertility
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Meningitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Menopause
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Myasthenia Gravis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Osteomyelitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pancreatitis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Parkinsons
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pneumothorax & Hemothorax
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Psoriasis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pulmonary Embolism
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rhabdomyolysis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Scleroderma
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Seizure
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sepsis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Sickle Cell Anemia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for SIRS & MODS
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Syphilis (STI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Testicular Torsion
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Thrombophlebitis (clot)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Tuberculosis (TB)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Ulcerative Colitis(UC)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Valve Disorders
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney (Renal) Injury (AKI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Angina
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease (CKD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Endocarditis and Pericarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Hypertension (HTN)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Myocarditis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis (OA)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Pneumonia
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) & Interventions for Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Abdominal Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Activity Intolerance
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Bronchitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Kidney Injury
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Pain
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Addison’s Disease (Primary Adrenal Insufficiency)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anaphylaxis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Anemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Angina
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aortic Aneurysm
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Arterial Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Aspiration
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Asthma / Childhood Asthma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bell’s Palsy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bladder Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Blunt Chest Trauma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bone Cancer (Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Ewing Sarcoma)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bowel Obstruction
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Brain Tumors
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Breast Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Bronchoscopy (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cardiomyopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cellulitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cervical Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cholecystitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Kidney Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Colorectal Cancer (Colon Cancer)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Cushing’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Dementia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetes Insipidus
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Diverticulosis / Diverticulitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Emphysema
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Encephalopathy
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Endocarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Enuresis / Bedwetting
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Epididymitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for GI (Gastrointestinal) Bleed
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glaucoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Glomerulonephritis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Gout / Gouty Arthritis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Guillain-Barre
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Heart Valve Disorders
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hepatitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Herpes Zoster – Shingles
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hydrocephalus
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperparathyroidism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperthermia (Thermoregulation)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hyperthyroidism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypoglycemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypoparathyroidism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypothyroidism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hypovolemic Shock
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Impetigo
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ulcerative Colitis / Crohn’s Disease)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Kidney Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lung Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lyme Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, Non-Hodgkin’s)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Meniere’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Mumps
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Nephrotic Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Neutropenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Nutrition Imbalance
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Osteoarthritis (OA), Degenerative Joint Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Osteoporosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Ovarian Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pancreatitis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Parkinson’s Disease
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pericarditis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pneumonia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pneumothorax/Hemothorax
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pressure Ulcer / Decubitus Ulcer (Pressure Injury)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Prostate Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Psoriasis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pulmonary Embolism
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Renal Calculi
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Respiratory Failure
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Restrictive Lung Diseases
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rhabdomyolysis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Risk for Fall
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Rubeola – Measles
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Seizures
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Sepsis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skin cancer – Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Skull Fractures
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Spinal Cord Injury
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Stroke (CVA)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Syncope (Fainting)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Testicular Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thoracentesis (Procedure)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombocytopenia
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thrombophlebitis / Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Thyroid Cancer
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Tuberculosis
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for West Nile Virus
Nursing Care Plan for (NCP) Trigeminal Neuralgia
Nursing Care Plan for Amputation
Nursing Care Plan for Chlamydia (STI)
Nursing Care Plan for Cirrhosis (Liver)
Nursing Care Plan for Compartment Syndrome
Nursing Care Plan for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Nursing Care Plan for Distributive Shock
Nursing Care Plan for Endometriosis
Nursing Care Plan for Fibromyalgia
Nursing Care Plan for Fractures
Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis
Nursing Care Plan for Gonorrhea (STI)
Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids
Nursing Care Plan for Herpes Simplex (HSV, STI)
Nursing Care Plan for Hiatal Hernia
Nursing Care Plan for Liver Cancer
Nursing Care Plan for Macular Degeneration
Nursing Care Plan for Myocarditis
Nursing Care Plan for Nasal Disorders
Nursing Care Plan for Osteomyelitis
Nursing Care Plan for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Nursing Care Plan for Pulmonary Edema
Nursing Care Plan for Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Nursing Care Plan for Scleroderma
Nursing Care Plan for Syphilis (STI)
Nursing Care Plan for Testicular Torsion
Nursing Case Study for Acute Kidney Injury
Nursing Case Study for Breast Cancer
Nursing Case Study for Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing Case Study for Colon Cancer
Nursing Case Study for Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Nursing Case Study for Hepatitis
Nursing Case Study for Pneumonia
Nursing Case Study for Rheumatic Heart Disease
Nursing Case Study for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Nursing Case Study for Type 1 Diabetes
Nursing Skills Course Introduction
Nutrition (Diet) in Disease
Nutrition-related Diseases
Obstruction for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Obstructions for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Ocular Infections (Conjunctivitis, Iritis) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Omeprazole (Prilosec) Nursing Considerations
Oncology Important Points
Oncology Module Intro
Oncology nurse
Ondansetron (Zofran) Nursing Considerations
Opioids
Osteosarcoma
Outside Instrument and Material Tracking (Regulatory Requirements) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Disorders (Cyst, Torsion, Rupture) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Oxygen Delivery Module Intro
Pacemakers
Pain (Acute, Chronic) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pain and Nonpharmacological Comfort Measures
Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)
Pain Assessments for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Pain Management and Procedural Sedation for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pancreatitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pancreatitis For PCCN for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pantoprazole (Protonix) Nursing Considerations
Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Patient and Family Teaching (Per Procedure) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient and Healthcare Team Safety (Disasters, Environmental Hazards) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient and Personal Safety (Environmental Hazard Monitoring) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient Communication Techniques for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient Consent for Treatment for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Patient Positioning
Patient Positioning (Performance) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient Records and Care Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient Rights Advocacy for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patient Status Evaluation (Transfer of Care) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Patients with Communication Difficulties
Pentobarbital (Nembutal) Nursing Considerations
Peptic Ulcer Disease Case Study (60 min)
Performing Cardiac (Heart) Monitoring
Pericardial Tamponade for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Perioperative Assessment Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Perioperative Education Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Perioperative Nursing Course Introduction
Perioperative Nursing Roles
Peripheral Vascular Assessment
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Peritonitis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Personal Growth Resources for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Pharmacological Patient Response Evaluation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) Nursing Considerations
Phenobarbital (Luminal) Nursing Considerations
Phosphorus (PO4) Blood Test Lab Values
Pituitary Adenoma
Plant Alkaloids Topoisomerase and Mitotic Inhibitors
Pleural Effusion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pleural Space Complications (Pneumothorax, Hemothorax, Pleural Effusion, Empyema, Chylothorax) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pneumonia Concept Map
Pneumonia Labs
Pneumonia Risk Factors Nursing Mnemonic (VENTS)
Pneumothorax for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pneumothorax Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (P-THORAX)
Positioning
Positioning (Pressure Injury Prevention and Tourniquet Safety) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Post-Anesthesia Recovery
Postoperative (Postop) Complications
Postoperative Follow-up for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
PPE Donning & Doffing
PPE Precautions (Personal Protective Equipment) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
Preoperative (Preop) Education
Preoperative (Preop) Nursing Priorities
Preoperative (Preop)Assessment
Pressure Injuries (Ulcers) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pressure Line Management
Pressure Ulcers/Pressure injuries (Braden scale)
Procalcitonin (PCT) Lab Values
Procedurally-Relevant Focused Assessments for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Product Assessment (Packaging, Sterilization) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Product Evaluation and Selection for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Professional Organization Participation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Propofol (Diprivan) Nursing Considerations
Propranolol (Inderal) Nursing Considerations
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Nursing Considerations
Prostate Cancer
Prostate Nursing Mnemonic (FUN)
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Lab Values
Protein in Urine Lab Values
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Pulmonary edema treatment Nursing Mnemonic (MAD DOG)
Pulmonary Embolism for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pulmonary Embolus for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Pulmonary Hypertension for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)
Quality Improvement Participation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Radiation Cancer Treatment
Ranitidine (Zantac) Nursing Considerations
Reactivation of Herpes Zoster Nursing Mnemonic (FICA)
Reasons for a Bronchoscopy Nursing Mnemonic (Please Assess His Weird Bronchoscopy Results)
Reasons for Chest Tube Nursing Mnemonic (Don’t Ever Fail)
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Lab Values
Relevant Patient Data Review for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Renal (Kidney) Failure Labs
Renal Calculi for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Renal Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Renal Failure- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory A&P Module Intro
Respiratory Alkalosis
Respiratory Course Introduction
Respiratory Depression (Medication-Induced, Decreased-LOC-Induced) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Respiratory Failure (Acute, Chronic, Failure to Wean) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Respiratory Infections Module Intro
Respiratory Procedures Module Intro
Respiratory Trauma for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Respiratory Trauma Module Intro
Restrictive Lung Disease Causes Nursing Mnemonic (PAINT)
Restrictive Lung Diseases (Pulmonary Fibrosis, Neuromuscular Disorders)
Retained Surgical Items for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Retinal Artery Occlusion for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Retinal Detachment for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Rhabdomyolysis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (RHEUMATOID)
Rifampin (Rifadin) Nursing Considerations
Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)
Risk Factors for Osteoporosis Nursing Mnemonic (ACCESS)
Room Preparation (Equipment, Supplies, Personnel) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Routine Neuro Assessments
Science of Nutrition
Scleroderma Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CREST)
Sedatives-Hypnotics
Sedatives-Hypnotics
Seizure Assessment
Seizure Causes (Epilepsy, Generalized)
Seizure Causes Nursing Mnemonic (VITAMIN)
Seizure Disorder for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Seizure Disorders for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Seizure Documentation Nursing Mnemonic (TDOC)
Seizure Therapeutic Management
Seizures Case Study (45 min)
Seizures Module Intro
Sepsis Concept Map
Sepsis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Sepsis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Sepsis Labs
Septic Shock (Sepsis) Case Study (45 min)
Shock
Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)
Shock Module Intro
Shock States (Anaphylactic, Hypovolemic) For PCCN for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Signs of Osteoarthritis Nursing Mnemonic (OSTEO)
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia
Skin Cancer
Specialty Diets (Nutrition)
Specimen Prep, Tracking, and Transporting for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal Cord Injury Case Study (60 min)
Spinal Precautions & Log Rolling
Sprains and Strains – Nursing Care Nursing Mnemonic (RICE)
Stages of Hepatitis Nursing Mnemonic (PIP)
Sterile Field
Sterile Field Maintenance (Aseptic Technique) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sterile Gloves
Sterilization and Cleaning (Instruments, Reusable Goods) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sterilization and Disinfection Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sterilization and Storage Environment Conditions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sterilization, Biological, Chemical Monitoring and Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)
Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer)
Strabismus
Streptokinase (Streptase) Nursing Considerations
Stroke (CVA) Module Intro
Stroke Assessment (CVA)
Stroke Case Study (45 min)
Stroke Concept Map
Stroke for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Stroke for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Stroke Nursing Care (CVA)
Stroke Therapeutic Management (CVA)
Sucralfate (Carafate) Nursing Considerations
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
Surgical Attire Guideline Adherence (Surgical, Perioperative Zones) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Surgical Counts for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Surgical Incisions & Drain Sites
Surgical Prep
Surgical Site Preparation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Surgical Wound Classification Documentation for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism Nursing Mnemonic (SWEATING)
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism Nursing Mnemonic (MOM’S SO TIRED)
Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome Nursing Mnemonic (NAPHROTIC)
Symptoms of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy Nursing Mnemonic (COAT)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
TB Drugs Nursing Mnemonic (RIPE)
Tension and Cluster Headaches
Testicular Cancer
Tetracycline (Panmycin) Nursing Considerations
The 5-Minute Assessment (Physical assessment)
The Medical Team
Thoracentesis
Thoracic Surgery (Lobectomy, Pneumonectomy) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Thrombin Inhibitors
Thrombocytopenia
Thromboembolic Disease- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Thrombolytics
Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Lab Values
Thyroxine (T4) Lab Values
To Clot or Not To Clot – Anticoagulants! – Live Tutoring Archive
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) Lab Values
Toxicity Sepsis- Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 6 T’s)
Trach Care
Trach Suctioning
Traction – Nursing Care Nursing Mnemonic (TRACTION)
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Transportation and Storage (Single Use Items) for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)
Trauma Nursing Interventions for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Triiodothyronine (T3) Lab Values
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) Nursing Considerations
Troponin I (cTNL) Lab Values
Tuberculosis (TB) Case Study (60 min)
Tuberculosis for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Types of Anemia Nursing Mnemonic (Always Introduce Special Patients)
Types of Hemorrhoids Nursing Mnemonic (Pie)
Ulcerative Colitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (MADE 10)
Ultrasound
Understanding Blood Pressure Meds! – Live Tutoring Archive
Universal Protocol Performance for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) Module Intro
Urinary Elimination
Urinary Retention for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Urinary Tract Infection Case Study (45 min)
Urine Culture and Sensitivity Lab Values
Using Aseptic Technique
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (Measles, Mumps, Pertussis, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Valvular Heart Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Nursing Considerations
Varicocele
Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)
Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)
Vascular Disease for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Vasopressin
Vasopressin (Pitressin) Nursing Considerations
Venous Disorders (Chronic venous insufficiency, Deep venous thrombosis/DVT)
Vent Alarms
Ventilator Settings
Ventricular Dysrhythmias for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)
Ventricular Tachycardia (V-tach)
Vessels & Fluid
Visitor Supervision for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Vitamin D Lab Values
Warfarin (Coumadin) Nursing Considerations
Who Needs Dialysis Nursing Mnemonic (AEIOU)
Wound Bleeding (Uncontrolled External Hemorrhage) for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Wound Care – Assessment
Wound Care – Dressing Change
Wound Care – Selecting a Dressing
Wound Care – Wound Drains
Wound Classification for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Wound Dressing Maintenance for Certified Perioperative Nurse (CNOR)
Wound Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Wounds (Infectious, Surgical, Trauma) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)