Health Promotion Model
Included In This Lesson
Outline
Overview
- Health Promotion Model
- Person
- Environment
- Health
- Illnesses
- Nursing
Nursing Points
General
- Person
- Assess person’s willingness to understand/eagerness to learn
- Assess willingness to change
- Assess patient’s understanding of severity of risk of disease
- Ex: a patient with a high familial risk of MI and CVD may be more amenable to prevention for heart disease like exercise and low fat diet
- Environment
- Determine what environmental factors inhibit change
- Environmental Factors
- Family
- Work
- Socioeconomics
- Insurance
- Other extrinsic factors
- Health
- How healthy is the patient?
- What are the goals for health?
- Aim for constant self-improvement
- Not only physical health
- Include mental, spiritual, social and emotional health
- Illness
- Is this individual already sick?
- If so, what can be done to get them well?
- Is this acute or chronic?
- Is this treatment or management?
- If not, what’s the risk for disease?
- If so, what can be done to get them well?
- Is this individual already sick?
- Nursing
- Nurses are the front lines for education
- Understand your patient’s illness or risk
- Promote positive education and resources
Nursing Concepts
- Health Promotion
- Patient Education
- Health Policy
Patient Education
- Promote wellness as a preventative measure
- Promote wellness as a means of treating disease or illness
Transcript
In today’s lesson, we are gonna focus on something called the health promotion model
So what exactly is health promotion?
Well, health promotion focuses on wellness. Some goals of health promotion are preventing disease, promoting overall wellness and minimizing the likelihood of getting sick.
There are several different models out there that are “health promotion models,” but the gold standard is one by Dr. Nola Pender. She created and organized 5 key principles. These are person, environment, health, illness and nursing.
So when we say “person,” what do we mean? Well, health promotion is first about the person, or the patient.
As the nurse, you need to take a look at your patient, and look at some key factors. These are things like eagerness to learn, willingness to change and understanding the severity of illness or disease.
For example, if you have a patient who has COPD who’s a smoker, and they are eager to learn, but unwilling to drop the habit of smoking, then you have a barrier that you have to overcome. Patients also have to understand how sick they could really get. That’s where you come in as the nurse – to educate. You then have the ability to educate the patient on how the illness could affect them in the long run.
When we talk about “environment” we look at things we call “extrinsic factors”, so things that are outside of the patient’s own life or control. So these things are like family or work, money difficulties, insurance, etc.
If you have a patient who is willing and eager to learn, who wants to improve their life, but doesn’t have any money to get insurance, then that’s a barrier the patient has to overcome. So when you’re talking to your patient, talk to them about their family, work, and homelife, so that you can help them identify barriers that they may not see, and then you can give them resources.
When you’re promoting health for your patient, as the nurse, you need to think about their current health situation. How healthy are they? Do they have diabetes or high blood pressure? Are they at risk for disease because of family history of particular illnesses? What are their goals, so for instance do they want to run a marathon or compete in some sporting events? The goal here is to always aim for self-improvement for the patient and make sure that they’re doing this at all levels, regardless of how healthy they may be.
Let’s take a look at illness. In the last slide, I talked about diabetes and hypertension. That was about gauging their health level. When you look at the illness aspect of health promotion, we want to look at how the illness affects your patient.
Is the illness chronic or acute? Here’s an example. If your patient has hypertension, that tells you that in terms of their health, it means that promoting something like increased cardio (like a treadmill) promotes the health aspect.
BUT….what if they can’t handle a treadmill? That means that their illness is impacting their health, so we have to gauge what they need or can handle, especially in a cardiovascular illness. You can’t just tell your patient to hit the treadmill aiming for a 7 minute mile…they may not be able to handle it. That’s why you have to look at their illness in addition to their overall health.
One other important point to talk about is the acuity, or how short term we expect the illness or disease to be. A cold or virus causing mild respiratory issues in a patient who wants to exercise is short term, so we can adjust what we promote for them. We expect this to be short lived, so rest, fluids, proper nutrition can help them recover more quickly and be able to exercise.
Also, consider what the risk for disease is. So family history heart attack or stroke in a patient who has minimal control of their blood pressure means that they have a higher risk. In this area, definitely focus on how illness or disease affects the patient.
Lastly, let’s look at how nursing affects health promotion
Think of it this way. You’re the infantry, the front lines, the protector of your patient. Your patient relies on you to help guide them and educate them, so focus on your patient holistically when it comes to health promotion. Learn to recognize barriers that they may not see. It helps that we as nurses can be unbiased sometimes.
Also, be sure to know both local resources and national resources for your patient. A pamphlet or website can be extremely helpful, or even directing them to an organization for support can promote wellness.
Hitting some quick nursing concepts….
The health promotion model is exactly as it says – let’s promote not only health but wellness.
Patients need us for education, which goes hand-in-hand with health promotion and also with health policy. There are lots of health initiatives nationally and for the state that you live in to promote wellness.
Now for a recap…
When you promote health, look at your patient as a person first, and look at if they’re ready and willing to learn.
Take a look at their environment and the people in their lives, so that you can find weaknesses or barriers. Also, you can find strengths within their environment, so advocate for those.
Health is about how healthy the individual is, and what goals they want to achieve. Are their goals short term or long term? Cater your education to your patient.
Whatever illness or diseases they have, take those into account when looking at their overall wellness. Also, can we implement the right health focused goals when they are currently sick?
Lastly, you are your patient’s front line. Give them positive resources and education. You’re the ribbon on the outside of this big present of health promotion we give our patients – you keep it all together.
Well that’s it for the health promotion model. Make sure you check out all the resources attached to this lesson. Now, go out and be your best selves today. And, as always, happy nursing!!
three times a charm
Concepts Covered:
- Cardiovascular
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Cardiac Disorders
- Circulatory System
- Nervous System
- Skeletal System
- Shock
- Shock
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Endocrine
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Hematology
- Gastrointestinal
- Upper GI Disorders
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Newborn Complications
- Lower GI Disorders
- Multisystem
- Neurological
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Renal
- Respiratory
- Urinary System
- Respiratory System
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- Test Taking Strategies
- Note Taking
- Basics of NCLEX
- Prefixes
- Suffixes
- Medication Administration
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Respiratory Disorders
- Pregnancy Risks
- Labor Complications
- Hematologic Disorders
- Fundamentals of Emergency Nursing
- Factors Influencing Community Health
- Delegation
- Perioperative Nursing Roles
- EENT Disorders
- Basics of Chemistry
- Adult
- Emergency Care of the Neurological Patient
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Emergency Care of the Respiratory Patient
- Respiratory Emergencies
- Studying
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
- Behavior
- Documentation and Communication
- Preoperative Nursing
- Endocrine System
- Legal and Ethical Issues
- Communication
- Understanding Society
- Immunological Disorders
- Infectious Disease Disorders
- Oncology Disorders
- Female Reproductive Disorders
- Fetal Development
- Terminology
- Anxiety Disorders
- Cognitive Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Tissues and Glands
- Vascular Disorders
- Renal Disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Prenatal Concepts
- Microbiology
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Depressive Disorders
- Personality Disorders
- Psychotic Disorders
- Trauma-Stress Disorders
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Integumentary Disorders
- Newborn Care
- Basics of Mathematics
- Statistics
- Labor and Delivery
- Proteins
- Emergency Care of the Trauma Patient
- Hematologic System
- Hematologic Disorders
- Developmental Considerations
- Digestive System
- Urinary Disorders
- Postpartum Care
- Basic
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Bipolar Disorders
- Metabolism
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Concepts of Population Health
- Musculoskeletal Disorders
- EENT Disorders
- Postpartum Complications
- Basics of Human Biology
- Postoperative Nursing
- Neurological Emergencies
- Prioritization
- Disorders of Thermoregulation
- Writing
- Community Health Overview
- Dosage Calculations
- Neurological Trauma
- Concepts of Mental Health
- Health & Stress
- Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
- Childhood Growth and Development
- Prenatal and Neonatal Growth and Development
- Concepts of Pharmacology
- Integumentary Important Points
- Emotions and Motivation
- Renal and Urinary Disorders
- Developmental Theories
- Reproductive System
- Adulthood Growth and Development
- Psychological Emergencies
- Growth & Development
- Basics of Sociology
- Somatoform Disorders
- Reading
- Intelligence and Language
- Oncologic Disorders
- Med Term Basic
- Med Term Whole
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Spinal Cord
- Muscular System
- Neonatal
- Learning Pharmacology
- Pediatric
- Psychological Disorders
- State of Consciousness
- Sensory System