Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
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Outline
Overview
- Overview
- Bacterial agents
- Types
- Norfloxacin (Noroxin)
- Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
- Gatifloxacin (Tequin)
- Gemifloxacin (Factive)
- Mechanism of Action
- Destroy bacteria by altering their DNA
- Kill gram – / gram + organisms
- Indications
- Urinary tract infections
- Respiratory infections / Pneumonia
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Bone and joint infections
- Prostate infections
- Contraindications
- Drug allergy
- Cardiac function
- Dysrhythmias
- Interactions
- Antacids
- Iron
- Zinc preparations
- Sucralfate
- Magnesium / Calcium
- Oral anticoagulants
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Transcript
Hey there, and today’s we are going to discuss fluoroquinolones, which are a certain type of antibiotic class.
Alright, let’s review. Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal, meaning that these antibiotics KILL bacteria. They don’t simply suppress bacterial reproduction.
Fluoroquinolones all end in -FLOXACIN, which is an easy way to remember this drug class.
The mechanism of action that causes these antibiotics to work is related to their ability to alter bacterial DNA. Fluoroquinolones are used to treat gram +/- organisms.
Indications for fluoroquinolones include urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, sexually transmitted infections, bone/joint infections and prostate infections. The top three indications can be remember by URS.
Contraindications for fluoroquinolones include drug allergy and cardiac dysrhythmias. If your patient has a past medical history of ventricular tachycardia, for example, this drug wouldn’t be a good choice. Any cardiac dysrhythmia history would be a concern regarding this antibiotic use.
Some other medications that can Interact with fluoroquinolones include sucralfate, antacids, iron, magnesium, calcium, oral anticoagulants and zinc preparations. An easy way to remember these is SAIMOZ.
Psychiatric side effects for fluoroquinolones include depression and anxiety.
Sensation and muscle side effects for fluoroquinolones include sensation changes and swelling, pain and tendon rupture. There isn’t a definitive reason, researchers speculate it can be linked to mitochondrial damage, likely oxidative stress.
Cardiovascular side effects for fluoroquinolones include aortic tear and rupture. Signs and symptoms include sudden, severe chest pain, hypotension, flank or back pain. These patients often die before they are able to seek surgical intervention.
Endocrine side effects for fluoroquinolones include hypoglycemia. If your patient has a baseline of hypoglycemia, this will exacerbate their condition.
Priority nursing concepts for fluoroquinolones include pharmacology and infection control.
Alright let’s review fluoroquinolones. These antibiotics end in -FLOXACIN. Top three indications can be remembered by URS (urine, respiratory and sexual transmitted infections). Contraindications include drug allergies and cardiac dysrhythmias. This drug class has many interactions, which can be remembered by SAIMOZ (sucralfate, antacids, iron, magnesium/calcium, oral anticoagulants and zinc preparations). Lastly side effects include – depression and anxiety / sensation changes and swelling, pain and tendon rupture / aortic tear and rupture / hypoglycemia.
You know now the important details regarding fluoroquinolones. Now, go out and be your best self today and as always, Happy Nursing!
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Pharmacololgy/Dosage Calc
Concepts Covered:
- Upper GI Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Depressive Disorders
- Medication Administration
- Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Respiratory Disorders
- Female Reproductive Disorders
- Neurologic and Cognitive Disorders
- Shock
- Cardiac Disorders
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Urinary Disorders
- Pregnancy Risks
- Disorders of Pancreas
- Liver & Gallbladder Disorders
- Hematologic Disorders
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Nervous System
- Personality Disorders
- Dosage Calculations
- Urinary System
- Learning Pharmacology
- Immunological Disorders
- Test Taking Strategies
- Prefixes
- Suffixes
- Labor Complications
- Intraoperative Nursing
- Prenatal Concepts
- Postpartum Complications
- Bipolar Disorders
- Psychotic Disorders
- Postoperative Nursing
- Central Nervous System Disorders – Brain
- Peripheral Nervous System Disorders
- Vascular Disorders
- Lower GI Disorders
- Acute & Chronic Renal Disorders
- Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands
- Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Neurological
- Noninfectious Respiratory Disorder
- EENT Disorders
- Male Reproductive Disorders
- Infectious Respiratory Disorder
- Microbiology
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Integumentary Disorders
- Disorders of the Adrenal Gland
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Adult
- Concepts of Pharmacology
Study Plan Lessons
Proton Pump Inhibitors
SSRIs
TCAs
Vasopressin
Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Nursing Considerations
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Nursing Considerations
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Nursing Considerations
Nitro Compounds
NSAIDs
Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Hydralazine (Apresoline) Nursing Considerations
Insulin
Magnesium Sulfate
MAOIs
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Corticosteroids
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Epoetin Alfa
Benzodiazepines
Calcium Channel Blockers
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Cardiac Glycosides
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Atypical Antipsychotics
Injectable Medications
IV Infusions (Solutions)
Complex Calculations (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System
Basics of Calculations
Dimensional Analysis Nursing (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
Oral Medications
The SOCK Method – S
The SOCK Method – O
The SOCK Method – C
The SOCK Method – K
Essential NCLEX Meds by Class
6 Rights of Medication Administration
The SOCK Method – Overview
12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions
54 Common Medication Prefixes and Suffixes
Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy
Sedatives-Hypnotics
Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy
Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
Tocolytics
Mood Stabilizers
Antipsychotics
Antianxiety Meds
Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Nursing Considerations
Meperidine (Demerol) Nursing Considerations
Morphine (MS Contin) Nursing Considerations
Phenobarbital (Luminal) Nursing Considerations
Pentobarbital (Nembutal) Nursing Considerations
Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Nursing Considerations
Meropenem (Merrem) Nursing Considerations
Selegiline (Eldepyrl) Nursing Considerations
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Nursing Considerations
Vasopressin (Pitressin) Nursing Considerations
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Nursing Considerations
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) Nursing Considerations
Hydralazine (Apresoline) Nursing Considerations
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Nursing Considerations
Fluticasone (Flonase) Nursing Considerations
Propofol (Diprivan) Nursing Considerations
Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) Nursing Considerations
Iodine Nursing Considerations
Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
Oxycodone (OxyContin) Nursing Considerations
Nalbuphine (Nubain) Nursing Considerations
Methadone (Methadose) Nursing Considerations
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Nursing Considerations
Butorphanol (Stadol) Nursing Considerations
Oxytocin (Pitocin) Nursing Considerations
Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Lortab) Nursing Considerations
Methylergonovine (Methergine) Nursing Considerations
Terbutaline (Brethine) Nursing Considerations
Naproxen (Aleve) Nursing Considerations
Ketorolac (Toradol) Nursing Considerations
Indomethacin (Indocin) Nursing Considerations
Calcium Acetate (PhosLo) Nursing Considerations
Lithium (Lithonate) Nursing Considerations
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Nursing Considerations
Glucagon (GlucaGen) Nursing Considerations
Pantoprazole (Protonix) Nursing Considerations
Omeprazole (Prilosec) Nursing Considerations
Sucralfate (Carafate) Nursing Considerations
Pancrelipase (Pancreaze) Nursing Considerations
Ondansetron (Zofran) Nursing Considerations
Metoclopramide (Reglan) Nursing Considerations
Loperamide (Imodium) Nursing Considerations
Lactulose (Generlac) Nursing Considerations
Spironolactone (Aldactone) Nursing Considerations
Mannitol (Osmitrol) Nursing Considerations
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) Nursing Considerations
Salmeterol (Serevent) Nursing Considerations
Montelukast (Singulair) Nursing Considerations
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) Nursing Considerations
Dopamine (Inotropin) Nursing Considerations
Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Nursing Considerations
Methylphenidate (Concerta) Nursing Considerations
Quetiapine (Seroquel) Nursing Considerations
Haloperidol (Haldol) Nursing Considerations
Tetracycline (Panmycin) Nursing Considerations
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) Nursing Considerations
Amoxicillin (Amoxil) Nursing Considerations
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Nursing Considerations
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Nursing Considerations
Rifampin (Rifadin) Nursing Considerations
Nystatin (Mycostatin) Nursing Considerations
Isoniazid (Niazid) Nursing Considerations
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Nursing Considerations
Verapamil (Calan) Nursing Considerations
Nifedipine (Procardia) Nursing Considerations
Losartan (Cozaar) Nursing Considerations
Lisinopril (Prinivil) Nursing Considerations
Propranolol (Inderal) Nursing Considerations
Metoprolol (Toprol XL) Nursing Considerations
Ranitidine (Zantac) Nursing Considerations
Promethazine (Phenergan) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Long Acting (Lantus) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Mixtures (70/30)
Insulin – Intermediate Acting (NPH) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Short Acting (Regular) Nursing Considerations
Insulin – Rapid Acting (Novolog, Humalog) Nursing Considerations
Metformin (Glucophage) Nursing Considerations
Sertraline (Zoloft) Nursing Considerations
Paroxetine (Paxil) Nursing Considerations
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Nursing Considerations
Heparin (Hep-Lock) Nursing Considerations
Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Nursing Considerations
Levetiracetam (Keppra) Nursing Considerations
Streptokinase (Streptase) Nursing Considerations
Procainamide (Pronestyl) Nursing Considerations
Warfarin (Coumadin) Nursing Considerations
Midazolam (Versed) Nursing Considerations
Lorazepam (Ativan) Nursing Considerations
Opioids
Coumarins
Glipizide (Glucotrol) Nursing Considerations
Gentamicin (Garamycin) Nursing Considerations
Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations
Gabapentin (Neurontin) Nursing Considerations
Ferrous Sulfate (Iron) Nursing Considerations
Fentanyl (Duragesic) Nursing Considerations
Fluoxetine (Prozac) Nursing Considerations
Famotidine (Pepcid) Nursing Considerations
Escitalopram (Lexapro) Nursing Considerations
Erythromycin (Erythrocin) Nursing Considerations
Epoetin (Epogen) Nursing Considerations
Epinephrine (EpiPen) Nursing Considerations
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Nursing Considerations
Enalapril (Vasotec) Nursing Considerations
Dobutamine (Dobutrex) Nursing Considerations
Divalproex (Depakote) Nursing Considerations
Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil) Nursing Considerations
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Nursing Considerations
Diltiazem (Cardizem) Nursing Considerations
Digoxin (Lanoxin) Nursing Considerations
Diazepam (Valium) Nursing Considerations
Dexamethasone (Decadron) Nursing Considerations
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Nursing Considerations
Cortisone (Cortone) Nursing Considerations
Codeine (Paveral) Nursing Considerations
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Nursing Considerations
Clindamycin (Cleocin) Nursing Considerations
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Nursing Considerations
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Nursing Considerations
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Nursing Considerations
Cefdinir (Omnicef) Nursing Considerations
Cephalexin (Keflex) Nursing Considerations
Celecoxib (Celebrex) Nursing Considerations
Cefaclor (Ceclor) Nursing Considerations
Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet) Nursing Considerations
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Nursing Considerations
Captopril (Capoten) Nursing Considerations
Calcium Carbonate (Tums) Nursing Considerations
Anti-Platelet Aggregate
Buspirone (Buspar) Nursing Considerations
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Nursing Considerations
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Nursing Considerations
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Nursing Considerations
Benztropine (Cogentin) Nursing Considerations
Azithromycin (Zithromax) Nursing Considerations
Atropine (Atropen) Nursing Considerations
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) Nursing Considerations
Atenolol (Tenormin) Nursing Considerations
ASA (Aspirin) Nursing Considerations
Ampicillin (Omnipen) Nursing Considerations
Amlodipine (Norvasc) Nursing Considerations
Amitriptyline (Elavil) Nursing Considerations
Amiodarone (Pacerone) Nursing Considerations
Alteplase (tPA, Activase) Nursing Considerations
Alprazolam (Xanax) Nursing Considerations
Alendronate (Fosamax) Nursing Considerations
Albuterol (Ventolin) Nursing Considerations
Adenosine (Adenocard) Nursing Considerations
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Nursing Considerations
Anti-Infective – Antivirals
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Nursing Considerations
Anti-Infective – Antifungals
Anti-Infective – Tetracyclines
Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides
Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
Anti-Infective – Macrolides
Anti-Infective – Carbapenems
Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides
Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics) Nursing Considerations
Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs
The SOCK Method – Overview
The SOCK Method – O
The SOCK Method – C
The SOCK Method – K
The SOCK Method – S
Complex Calculations (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
IV Infusions (Solutions)
Injectable Medications
Oral Medications
Dimensional Analysis Nursing (Dosage Calculations/Med Math)
Basics of Calculations
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
NG Tube Medication Administration
Disease Specific Medications
Vasopressin
TCAs
SSRIs
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics) Nursing Considerations
NSAIDs
Nitro Compounds
MAOIs
Magnesium Sulfate
Insulin
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Hydralazine
Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
Epoetin Alfa
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Corticosteroids
Cardiac Glycosides
Calcium Channel Blockers
Benzodiazepines
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Atypical Antipsychotics
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System
6 Rights of Medication Administration
Essential NCLEX Meds by Class
Therapeutic Drug Levels (Digoxin, Lithium, Theophylline, Phenytoin)
54 Common Medication Prefixes and Suffixes
12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions
Pharmacology Course Introduction