Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)
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Outline
MACHINE
- M-Medications – ACE Inhibitors, NSAIDS, potassium-sparing diuretics
- A-Acidosis – Metabolic and respiratory
- C-Cellular destruction – burns, traumatic injury, hemolysis
- H-Hypoaldosteronism – Addison’s
- I-Intake- excessive
- N-Nephrons- renal failure
- E-Excretion – Impaired
Description
Hyperkalemia is elevated potassium in the blood. Typical levels of potassium in the blood are 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. In acidosis and cellular destruction, potassium shifts from inside the cell to the blood stream. Medications and kidney damage can decrease urinary excretion of potassium. Excessive intake of potassium can also lead to hyperkalemia. Potassium is necessary for the transmission of electrical impulses in heart and skeletal muscle; therefore increased potassium can cause ECG changes.
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Pharmacology unit 2
Concepts Covered:
- Cardiac Disorders
- Respiratory Disorders
- Nervous System
- Studying
- Pregnancy Risks
- Eating Disorders
- Urinary System
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Medication Administration
- Emergency Care of the Cardiac Patient
- Vascular Disorders
Study Plan Lessons
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Albuterol (Ventolin) Nursing Considerations
Beta 1 and Beta 2 Nursing Mnemonic (1 Heart, 2 Lungs)
Calcium Channel Blockers
Heart Failure Case Study (45 min)
Acute Inflammatory Disease (Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Pericarditis) for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Considerations
Heart Failure for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Potassium-K (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia)
Captopril (Capoten) Nursing Considerations
Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
Lisinopril (Prinivil) Nursing Considerations
Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)
Spironolactone (Aldactone) Nursing Considerations
Potassium-K (Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia)
Digoxin (Lanoxin) Nursing Considerations
CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)
Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
Congestive Heart Failure Concept Map
Anti-Platelet Aggregate
Hypertension (Uncontrolled) and Hypertensive Crisis for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Preload and Afterload
Bronchodilators
Asthma
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System