Diabetes Mellitus for Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Diabetes Mellitus

Definition/Etiology:

• Endocrine disorder resulting in high blood sugar.
• • Type 1
    • Beta-cells in pancreas
  • Type 2
    • Not enough insulin/malfunctioning and/cells don’t respond normally 

Pathophysiology:

• Type 1
  • Beta-cells in pancreas
• Type 2
  • Pancreas
  • Liver 
  • Cells

Noticing: Assessment & Recognizing Cues:

• 3 Ps
• Weight loss
• Blurry vision
• Fatigue/ weakness

Interpreting: Analyzing & Planning:

• Hemoglobin A1c
• Random glucose
• Fasting glucose
• Oral G.T.T

Responding: Patient Interventions & Taking Action:

• Insulin
• Oral hypoglycemic meds
• Lifestyle changes
  • Healthy eating
  • Physical activity

Reflecting: Evaluating Patient Outcomes:

• Medication compliance
• Checking blood glucose
• Sick day management
• Education for Lifestyle changes
  • Healthy eating
  • Physical activity

Linchpins (Key Points):

• Type 1 = 1 cause = 1 treatment
• Type 2 = several causes = more options of treatment