Gynecological Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
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Study Tools For Gynecological Infections for Certified Emergency Nursing (CEN)
Chlamydia Characteristics (Picmonic)
Chlamydia (Picmonic)
Syphilis TORCH (Picmonic)
Syphilis (Picmonic)
Gonorrhea (Picmonic)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) (Picmonic)
Outline
Gynecological Infections
Chlamydia-
Definition:
- Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
- Most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI)
- Frequently concurrent with gonorrhea
Clinical Presentation:
- Estimated that 75% of all chlamydial infections are asymptomatic § Cervicitis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Endometriosis
- Salpingitis
Collaborative Management:
Assessment-
- Cervical, uterine cultures
- Test for other STIs
- Encourage testing of sexual partner(s)
Interventions-
- Antibiotics – Azithromycin, Doxycycline
Syphilis-
Definition:
- Caused by Treponema pallidum
- More common in females and drug abusers
Clinical Presentation:
- Primary – Painless ulcer or chancre on mouth or anogenital area
- Secondary – 4–10 weeks after primary infection, Myalgia, Lymphadenopathy, Flu-like symptoms, Rash on palms of the hands, soles of the feet
- Tertiary – 2–19 years after initial symptoms in untreated patients, Psychosis, delirium, dementia
Collaborative Management:
Assessment-
- Venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL), rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests
- Suspect if sexually active with genital ulcer or rash
- Consider testing for other STIs
Interventions:
- Antibiotic options – Penicillin IM once, Doxycycline or tetracycline for 14 days
Gonorrhea-
Definition:
- Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Second most common cause of STI in the U.S.
- Leading cause of cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in females; urethritis in males
- Can cause infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain
Clinical Presentation:
- Signs and symptoms of UTI
- Mucoid discharge from cervix or penis
- Men may be asymptomatic
Collaborative Management:
Assessment-
- Gonorrhea, chlamydia cultures
- Consider testing for syphilis, other STIs
Interventions-
- Antibiotic options – Ceftriaxone IM once, Cefixime PO once, A cephalosporin IM plus azithromycin PO once, Doxycycline for 7 days
Herpes Simplex Virus-
Definition:
- Viral infection – Chronic, incurable STI with remissions and exacerbations
Clinical Manifestations:
- Painful vesicles, ulcerations on genitalia, Fever, Malaise, Myalgia, Lymphadenopathy, Dysuria
- Approximately 70% of those infected are asymptomatic
Interventions:
- Antiviral therapy
Discharge Teaching-
All STIs-
- Take medications as prescribed
- Follow up with PCP
- Consistently use condoms
- Inform sexual partners
- Treat past sexual partners
Chlamydia-
- No intercourse for at least 7 days after treatment
Herpes-
- Avoid intercourse during outbreaks
- Increased risk of transmission to fetus
- C-section recommended
Linchpins: (Key Points)
- Shame, fear, lack of access to primary care are just some reasons patients may not seek care.
- They get to feeling really bad and/or symptoms increase so they come to ED.
- Also, important to point out screening for victims of sexual assault
- Consistently use condoms
- Inform sexual partners
Transcript
For more great CEN prep, got to the link below to purchase the “Emergency Nursing Examination Review” book by Dr. Laura Gasparis Vonfrolio RN, PHD
https://greatnurses.com/
References:
- Emergency Nurses Association. (2017) Emergency Nursing Core Curriculum, 7th Edition. PA: Saunders
- Savone, D. (2017). Genitourinary, Gynecology, and Obstetrical Emergencies. In CEN Online Review. Emergency Nurses Association.