MedSurg Cardiac Care for the NCLEX®

During shift report, the incoming nurse is told that a client’s echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction (EF) of 43. The nurse knows that this means which of the following?

The nurse preceptor is charting a physical assessment on a client. The nurse charts hearing “S1, S2” heart sounds and asks the student what this means. Which of the following responses from the student is correct?

The student nurse is studying a Wigger’s diagram and notes a diastolic pause. The student correctly understands that which of the following occurs during diastolic pause?

A client is demonstrating signs of low cardiac output, and is bradycardic. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?

The nurse is caring for an older adult client with decreased cardiac output related to new-onset atrial fibrillation. In planning care for this client, which of the following activities is appropriate? Select all that apply.

The nurse is assessing a client with atrial fibrillation and notes weak, thready pulses, cool extremities, and complaints of fatigue. Which of the following is occurring?

The nursing student is discussing cardiac index with the preceptor. The student correctly understands cardiac index as a measure of which of the following?

A client with heart failure has an estimated cardiac output of 2.5 L/min. The nurse expects which of the following vital signs to be consistent with this?

The nurse is caring for a client whose echocardiogram revealed a low stroke volume. Nursing interventions should focus on which of the following? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client and notes the rhythm pictured on the client’s telemetry monitor. Which of the following actions is a priority?

A nurse is assigned to a 6-month-old diagnosed with a large ventricular septal defect and is being treated for signs of heart failure. The nurse knows to expect which of the following orders to help decrease pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance?

A nurse is assisting with the placement of a pulmonary artery (PA) catheter to monitor a client’s hemodynamic status and prevent cardiogenic shock. During placement of the catheter, the physician initially moves the tip of the catheter through the superior vena cava, into the right atrium, and then into the right ventricle while the nurse watches the monitor. While the catheter tip is in the right atrium, the nurse would expect to see systolic pressures of:

The nurse is caring for a client with low cardiac afterload. Which of the following medication orders would the nurse question?

The nurse is caring for a client who becomes pale, weak, and diaphoretic. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing shock. What is the first thing this nurse should do?

A nurse is working with a client who has a central catheter in place that is measuring central venous pressure (CVP). When looking at the waveform, the nurse understands that the descending portion of the wave indicates which of the following?

Which description best defines preload?

The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure. This client regularly takes a vasodilator. The nurse understands that this type of drug helps congestive heart failure in what ways? Select all that apply.

A nurse is measuring systemic vascular resistance for a client with hypovolemic shock. The client has a central catheter and his mean arterial pressure (MAP) is 100 mmHg. His central venous pressure is 0 mmHg and his cardiac output is 8.0 L/min. Calculate this client’s systemic vascular resistance (SVR).

A nurse is working with a 68-year-old client with cardiac dysrhythmias who has cool skin, poor pulses, and mental status changes. Which of the following conditions is this client most likely experiencing?

Diuretics are good medications for the management of hypertension because of which of the following mechanisms?

The nurse is looking at the telemetry monitor and notices a client on the monitor has a flat line. The nurse rushes into the room to check on the client. The first nurse passes another nurse who asks how to help. Which of the following statements by the first nurse is appropriate?

A client is admitted by the nurse for alcohol detox and drinks a pint of vodka each day. The last drink was 8 am this morning. Which of the following orders should the nurse implement upon admission? Select all that apply.

A client is being admitted to the hospital and will be started on telemetry because of his cardiac condition. The client asks the nurse, “What should I do if one of these stickers falls off?” Which response from the nurse is correct?

An 87-year-old client is connected to both telemetry and the continuous pulse oximetry. The pulse oximeter shows no pulse, but the telemetry monitor shows a rhythm. The nurse verifies that the finger probe on the pulse oximeter is reading correctly and it is, but the nurse is not able to palpate a pulse on the client. Which of the following should the nurse do next?

A client that has been hospitalized for three days complains of sudden chest pain to the nurse and has no history of heart disease. The nurse knows that which of the following orders should be implemented?

A cardiac client is being discharged home today and will require home heart monitoring. The client’s current vitals are: blood pressure 133/86 heart rate 87 pulse oximeter 98% room air temperature 98.7F respirations 18 The nurse knows to expect which of the following discharge orders?

A nurse is getting an EKG on a client when one of the wires breaks open. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is assigned 4 clients with various diagnoses and is reviewing their orders. The nurse would expect to put the client with which of the following diagnosis on continuous cardiac monitoring telemetry?

The nurse is caring for an ambulatory client who has been placed on telemetry. Which information regarding nursing care of a client on telemetry is true? Select all that apply.

A nurse is measuring the PR interval on an EKG. In order for the measurements to be within the parameters of normal sinus rhythm, the PR interval would need to be between which of the following seconds?

A nurse is caring for a client in a cardiac telemetry unit and notes the client’s EKG strip above. The client’s blood pressure is 118/78. What action should the nurse take?

A student nurse is measuring an EKG strip. Which of the following elements on this rhythm strip demonstrate that this client is in normal sinus rhythm? Select all that apply.

A student nurse is reviewing the client’s EKG on a telemetry unit. The student nurse is attempting to identify the rhythm as a normal sinus rhythm. Which of the following steps should the student nurse identify for normal sinus rhythm? Select all that apply.

The nurse is reviewing the following rhythm and knows that which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for this rhythm?

After reviewing a normal sinus rhythm on an EKG strip, the student nurse is able to determine the electrical conduction originated in which of the following?

The nurse observes a normal sinus rhythm on the 5-lead telemetry monitor after a client has been in atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Which of the following should the nurse do first?

A student nurse is observing a client’s heart rate and notices a regular rhythm, heart rate of 65, 1 P wave followed by 1 QRS, PR interval of 0.16 seconds and a QRS complex of 0.06 seconds. The nurse knows that this is which of the following rhythms?

A nurse is working on a telemetry unit and notices the rhythm pictured. This rhythm is correctly identified as which of the following rhythms?

The telemetry nurse is reviewing an EKG strip and notes the following: Rate 60, PR interval 0.14 seconds, QRS complex 0.2 seconds, P:QRS ratio 1:1. Which of the following results causes the nurse to suspect a bundle branch block?

A student nurse is reviewing the rhythm on an EKG and knows that for the rhythm to be sinus bradycardia, which of the following parameters must be present?

The nurse is working on a telemetry floor and observes the following rhythm on a client’s monitor. Which of the following actions is appropriate? Select all that apply.

A client is preparing to undergo placement of a pacemaker to regulate their bradycardia. Following insertion of the pacemaker, the nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following to best protect the device?

A nurse has a client with a heart rate of 40 beats per minute, the nurse is identifying the cause of bradycardia. The nurse knows that which of the following could be possible causes of bradycardia? Select all that apply.

A client has developed bradycardia and symptoms of shock. Which of the following medications would the nurse most likely administer to correct this situation?

A clients monitor alerts the nurse that a client’s heart rate is 45 bpm. The nurse knows that which of the following medications increase heart rate?

A student nurse is reviewing an EKG graph and attempting to determine if the rhythm is sinus bradycardia. The student nurse knows that which of the following are normal characteristics of sinus bradycardia? Select all that apply.

A nurse observes this rhythm on the monitor. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse implement first?

A nurse enters the room and notices her client has a heart rate of 32 on the monitor. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for this client?

A student nurse is observing a client’s heart rate and notices a regular rhythm, heart rate of 45, 1 P wave followed by 1 QRS, PR interval of 0.16 seconds, and a QRS complex of 0.06 seconds. The student nurse identifies this rhythm as which of the following?

A nurse has a client with a heart rate of 125 beats per minute and is attempting to identify the cause of a client’s tachycardia. The nurse knows that which of the following could be possible causes of tachycardia? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having a sinus dysrhythmia. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is accurate?

The nurse is obtaining vital signs on a newly admitted client. Which vital sign is the most concerning for an adult client?

The nurse is caring for a client with multiple blood pressure medications. The nurse knows that which of the following medications lowers blood pressure by reducing the heart rate?

A client has been brought into the emergency department suffering from symptoms of a panic attack. The client has a heart rate of 110 bpm and is shaking, sweating, and feels short of breath. Which action should the nurse perform first?

A student nurse is reviewing the rhythm on an EKG and knows that which of the following should be present to be considered sinus tachycardia?

A student nurse is reviewing an EKG graph and is attempting to determine if the rhythm is sinus tachycardia. Which of the following are normal characteristics of sinus tachycardia? Select all that apply.

The nurse is reviewing a client’s medications and notes that the client is taking warfarin sodium. Which of the client’s following lifestyle habits would concern the nurse? Select all that apply.

The nurse identifies the rhythm of a newly admitted cardiac client as atrial fibrillation and is unable to determine if there are any P waves present. Which of the following is the reason why the nurse unable to identify any P waves?

The nurse is reviewing a client’s medications and notes the client is taking warfarin sodium. Which of the following medications should the nurse tell the client to avoid?

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following client conditions would warrant a prescription for this medication? Select all that apply.

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by reducing cardiac cell excitability?

A 67-year-old client has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. After receiving treatment, the client is going home from the hospital with a prescription for an anticoagulant and a calcium channel blocker. What information should the nurse include with discharge education? Select all that apply.

The nurse is concerned that a client with atrial fibrillation is not on any anticoagulants and notifies the healthcare provider. The nurse knows that which of the following is a reason why a client with atrial fibrillation is at an increased risk for a stroke?

A nurse is caring for a client who is in atrial fibrillation and needs to be cardioverted. The nurse should set the monitor to sync to which wave?

The nurse is caring for a client who is suffering from atrial fibrillation. Which of the following statements made by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation. Which medication class does the nurse anticipate the client will need to take to prevent the formation of blood clots?

A nurse is attempting to determine if their client is having premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and knows that which of the following are characteristics of PVCs? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client who is suffering from frequent premature ventricular contractions. Which of the following is true of this condition? Select all that apply.

A nurse is reviewing various telemetry monitors to document cardiac rhythms and comes across this rhythm. Which description best suits this cardiac rhythm?

A 56-year-old client is suffering from multiple premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) that cause her to feel lightheaded and dizzy. Which drug would most likely be prescribed for the management of PVCs?

A student nurse understands there is a decrease in cardiac output during a PVC due to which of the following?

A nurse observes the following rhythm on the monitor and knows that which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? Select all that apply.

A student nurse is explaining preventricular contractions (PVCs) to their client. Which of the following statements by the student nurse would need further teaching by the nurse?

The nurse is caring for a telemetry client. Upon entering the room, the nurse notices a few premature ventricular contractions on the cardiac monitor. As the nurse begins an assessment, the client goes into ventricular tachycardia on the monitor. Which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate?

A nurse is caring for a client in the ICU who has a history of cardiac dysrhythmias. The client goes into a state of ventricular tachycardia and the nurse is unable to find a pulse. The code team arrives and delivers a shock of defibrillation to the client at 360 Joules. Which step would the nurse perform next?

A student nurse is explaining ventricular tachycardia to a group of students. The nurse is correct in stating which of the following?

The nurse places a client on the cardiac monitor and observes the heart rhythm. Which rhythm requires the most urgent intervention?

After observing this rhythm, the nurse confirms the client does not have a pulse. Which of the following should the nurse do next?

A nurse observes the rhythm above on telemetry monitor. Which of the following is the first action the nurse must implement?

A nurse must deliver a shock to a client in ventricular fibrillation by using a biphasic defibrillator. Which describes the amount of energy delivered with the first shock on an adult client?

A new nurse is reviewing a rhythm on a telemetry monitor and believes it might be ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following characteristics is the nurse most likely observing? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is the first medication given for a client in ventricular fibrillation?

The nurse responds to a code for a client in ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following interventions does the nurse anticipate for this situation? Select all that apply.

A new nurse notices what appears to be ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) on the monitor and quickly enters the client’s room to find the client sitting on the side of the bed talking. After the nurse checks the pulse and determines the client has a regular pulse of 85 beats per minute the nurse should do which of the following next?

The student nurse is discussing ventricular fibrillation with their nursing instructor. The student nurse needs further teaching after which of the following statements about ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) is made?

A client is in ventricular fibrillation. The nurse understands that which of the following is true of ventricular fibrillation? Select all that apply.

The nurse notices the rhythm shown and knows that which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client who has suddenly gone into ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following is true about this condition? Select all that apply.

A client who has been experiencing chest pain takes aspirin when he has an attack of angina. Which of the following are contraindications to aspirin use? Select all that apply.

Which of the following interventions will you implement for a patient with angina? Select all that apply.

Four clients in the emergency room have complaints of chest pain. The nurse should assess which client first?

A nurse is working on the rapid response team (RRT) of the hospital and is called for a situation in which a patient with acute coronary syndrome is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. The nurse has standing orders for administration of drugs in this situation. Which of the following medications would most likely be administered first after the nurse arrives?

A nurse must administer nitroglycerin 0.4 mg sublingually to a client experiencing chest pain. Which best describes how nitroglycerin works to relieve chest pain?

The nurse is caring for a client who was just administered an antianginal agent in the form of a nitrate. The nurse knows that this helps angina by which of the following mechanisms?

The nurse is assessing a client who is coughing so hard that his chest hurts. The client is holding his chest and asking for pain medications. What is the priority for this client?

A 56-year-old client with heart disease is experiencing angina that increases in intensity and lasts 30 minutes, followed by a period of decreased intensity and duration. Which of the following best describes this type of angina?

A nurse is caring for a client who has angina. The nurse notes that the client has a prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Based on the nurse’s understanding of this medication, the nurse knows that this medication works by:

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by reducing cardiac cell excitability?

A nurse finished getting report on four clients and now is deciding who is the priority. The client with which of the following should be seen first?

A client has a family history of myocardial infarction and has been experiencing multiple episodes of chest pain. The client is prescribed a medication to prevent heart attacks. Which of the following medications is appropriate for this condition?

The nurse is admitting a client who states, “When I was pregnant I would get heartburn so bad, I was eating antacids like crazy. I now feel the same way, except I am not pregnant. The antacids aren’t helping me and now I have this pain between my shoulder blades.” Which part of this statement is most concerning and must be investigated further?

The nurse is caring for a client who suffered a myocardial infarction. Which of the following is NOT a complication due to an MI?

An adult client presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of heartburn. What is the nurse’s immediate priority?

A nurse assigned to four clients is receiving report. The nurse knows that the client with which of the following is the most at risk for developing coronary artery disease?

A 64-year-old client has a history of heart disease and clinical depression. Following his stay at the hospital, the nurse talks with the client about attending cardiac rehabilitation. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

A client has been diagnosed with atherosclerosis and suffers intermittent episodes of angina. He has started in a cardiac rehabilitation program and the nurse is helping him develop coping mechanisms that would most likely help him with accepting his situation. Which intervention would the nurse use to help the client develop coping mechanisms in this situation?

A client with a history of coronary artery disease and diabetes has complaints of chest pain that does not go away when resting. The organization has a chest pain protocol for nurses that starts with obtaining an EKG. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse on a post-surgical nursing unit is caring for a client who had a colectomy two days ago and a history of CAD. The vital signs suddenly change. Current vital signs include a BP decreased to 84/48 and a HR increase to 110. The client is short of breath and complains of chest pain. What should be done first?

The nurse is discharging a client being treated for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The client smokes occasionally to decrease stress from work and has just been diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which of the following client education topics should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A nurse is giving education to a group on heart disease. The nurse knows that which of the following is most important to include in education?

A client on the cardiac unit complains of chest pain to the nurse. The nurse calls a rapid response and the healthcare provider arrives in the room. Vital signs are as follows: Blood pressure 182/98 HR 98 Respirations 23 Temperature 98.9 The nurse orders a STAT EKG per protocol, which shows a widened ST segment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?

The nurse is caring for a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse anticipates which orders to treat the disease? Select all that apply.

The nurse observes the rhythm pictured on an EKG monitor and knows to implement which of the following first?

The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. The nurse knows that the client is experiencing right-sided heart failure based on which assessment?

A 70-year-old client with heart failure is being treated in the hospital for complications of the disease. The nurse notes that the client has swelling in the lower extremities and assesses for pitting edema. In which location should the nurse most likely test for pitting edema?

The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with shortness of breath and has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following labs indicate that the client is suffering from severe heart failure?

The nurse is caring for a client with worsening congestive heart failure. Which of the following are expected findings in a client with this condition? Select all that apply.

The nurse knows that the client is experiencing left-sided heart failure based on which of the following assessments? Select all that apply.

The nurse knows that clients with which of the following may get their pacemaker deactivated? Select all that apply.

A client has a new order for an MRI of the abdomen and the nurse knows to notify radiology about which of the following to ensure client safety?

The provider diagnoses a client with sick sinus syndrome. The client asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse?

A client recently had a pacemaker implanted and the nurse assistant notifies the nurse that the client called out complaining of dizziness. Which of the following is the first step that the nurse should take?

The nurse knows that a client with which of the following may qualify for pacemaker implantation?

Which of the following signs and symptoms should the nurse be concerned about in the client that has a pacemaker? Select all that apply.

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by decreasing the volume of blood in the body?

The nurse is caring for a client who has tachycardia and is hypertensive. The provider has prescibed metoprolol. The nurse knows that this drug works in which of the following ways?

The nurse is caring for a client with a hypertensive crisis. Which of the following signs indicate an emergent situation? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking enalapril (Vasotec) 10 mg per day for high blood pressure. She notes that the physician has changed the dose to 40 mg per day. Which response of the nurse is most appropriate?

The floor nurse is receiving report from an ED nurse on a client being admitted for cellulitis of the right leg. The client also is experiencing hypertension. Which question is a priority for the floor nurse to ask the ED nurse?

A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old client who states, “I am overwhelmed by stress in my life and I don’t know how to change.” Which suggestions could the nurse make to this client that would help with stress management? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client who states, “I don’t have a family history of hypertension so I don’t have to worry about that.” Which of the following risk factors for hypertension should the nurse teach the client? Select all that apply.

At a clinic visit, a nurse is checking a client’s vital signs. The client’s blood pressure is 141/92 mmHg. Which of the following statements from the nurse is correct?

The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension and is administering an inch of nitropaste. Which of the following is an important action for the nurse to take?

A nurse is taking a client’s blood pressure and measures 128/82 mmHg. What is the client’s pulse pressure?

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF). While reviewing his medications with the nurse, the client asks for help identifying which medication is for CHF. The nurse knows that which of the following medication is used to treat this condition?

A client with heart failure receives an echocardiogram that shows the heart muscle has been damaged and grown very thick due to high blood pressure. What is the most appropriate term for this condition?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a ventricular assist device?

The nurse is working with a client who takes a beta blocker. The nurse understands that beta blockers work on the heart by doing which of the following?

A 69-year-old client has been diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. The nurse gives the client a nursing diagnosis of powerlessness because the client has said that she feels sad and angry about what she will miss out on with her diagnosis. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this nursing diagnosis?

A client is recovering from a heart transplant surgery and is at risk of blood clots because of immobility status. Which of the following interventions is a priority for the nurse in this scenario?

A nurse is teaching a client who has trouble with mobility about how best to decrease the risk of a blood clot. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is correct?

A nurse is preparing to apply thigh-high anti-embolism stockings to a client with a history of DVT. The nurse notes that one of the client’s legs has a larger circumference than the other. No other signs or symptoms are noted on the larger leg. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A nurse is teaching a 67-year-old client with a blood clot who has developed edema in the lower legs and feet. Which intervention should the nurse direct the client to perform to control fluid and promote tissue perfusion?

The nurse elicits a positive Homan’s sign. The nurse knows this is a sign of which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following client conditions would warrant a prescription for this medication? Select all that apply.

A cardiac client is at high risk of developing a DVT during the post-op period following heart surgery. The factors that increase a client’s risk of developing a DVT, known as Virchow’s triad, include venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and which of the following?

A nurse is performing a postpartum assessment on a client who delivered a baby 8 hours ago. The nurse assesses the client’s legs by checking the Homan’s sign and the client complains of pain. Which condition can a positive Homan’s sign indicate?

A nurse is caring for a 35-year-old client who has been diagnosed with hypovolemic shock as a result of severe hemorrhage. In which position should the nurse place this client to promote optimal circulation?

Which of the following clients should be assessed for hypovolemic shock?

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the client is in hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.

A 28-year-old client is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident and has suffered a fractured pelvis. The client is demonstrating signs of hemorrhagic shock as a result of his injuries. Which of the following types of fluids would be most appropriate to administer initially during the resuscitation period?

A client who has been injured in a construction accident is bleeding profusely from a femoral artery laceration. The nurse estimates that the client has lost 700 mL of blood. The client has the following vital signs: HR 98 bpm, BP 100/70 mmHg, RR 20/min. In which class of hypovolemic shock would this client be classified?

The nurse is working a shift on the medical surgical floor. The nurse knows that which of the following clients is at the highest risk for hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced severe bleeding following surgery. Which of the following collections of vital signs would most likely indicate shock?

A client presents to the emergency department who was moving a mirror that fell on the client and shattered. The client has a large laceration down the right arm. What is the priority concern for this client?

A client presents to the ER bleeding profusely from a gunshot wound. The client is in hypovolemic shock and needs a rapid transfusion. What does the nurse anticipate to replace blood volume after starting the IV?

A new nurse is having a difficult time knowing which client should be seen first because they all seem important. The nurse preceptor helps and explains that the client with which of the following should be seen first?

A nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for acute myocardial infarction. The nurse knows that some clients with acute MI go on to develop cardiogenic shock, which can be fatal. Based on the nurse’s understanding of this condition, the nurse knows to look for which of the following signs of cardiogenic shock?

Which of the following are assessment findings in a client experiencing shock? Select all that apply.

A client who has been diagnosed with obstructive shock due to cardiac tamponade is demonstrating pulsus paradoxus upon assessment. Which best describes this abnormality?

An older adult client has decreased tissue perfusion related to heart disease. The nurse tries to promote venous return by elevating the lower extremities on a pillow. What best describes the rationale for this action?

A nurse is taking orders from a provider for a client who is in cardiogenic shock. The provider has ordered norepinephrine to infuse at 30 mL/hr. The bag arrives from the pharmacy composed of 40 mg of norepinephrine contained in a 500 mL solution. Calculate how many mcg/minute the client receives.

The nurse is caring for a client who has gone into shock from an acute MI. Which of the following findings is common when a client is in shock?

In which situation would the administration of a loop diuretic like furosemide (Lasix) be most appropriate?

A client suddenly goes into cardiac arrest. What of the following are reversible causes of cardiac arrest? Select all that apply.

A nurse is performing an initial exam on a client who presents with acute coronary syndrome. The client is in cardiogenic shock and the provider has placed a central line. During the physical assessment, which sign or symptom would the nurse most likely expect to see?

A nurse is caring for a client who suddenly goes into cardiac arrest. The nurse knows which of the following is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest? Select all that apply.

A client 2 days post-operative has developed septic shock. Which assessment findings would confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the client is in septic shock?

The priority nursing intervention for septic shock is which of the following?

Which best describes the difference between septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?

A nurse is teaching a client about self care at home after the client has experienced an anaphylactic reaction to shellfish. If the client is ever exposed to shellfish again, the nurse should counsel the client to do which of the following as an initial intervention?

The nurse is caring for a client whose lab work and vital signs have confirmed sepsis. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate to be ordered? Select all that apply.

A client presents to the emergency department in anaphylactic shock. Which medication should the nurse prepare for the client?

A client is suffering from distributive shock, which is shock arising from inadequate vascular tone. Which of the following is a potential cause of distributive shock?

The nurse would expect to see which of the following vital signs in a client experiencing distributive shock?

A child is brought to the hospital for care after falling down some stairs and is in a state of neurogenic shock. The nurse performs an initial assessment on the client. Which of the following is the best indicator that the client has gone into decompensated shock?