A nurse is assessing for murmurs in a client with aortic stenosis. At which location is the nurse most likely to hear a murmur in this client?

The nurse caring for a client with a large ventricular septal defect (VSD) knows that which of the following is true about a VSD and blood flow? Select all that apply.

The nurse is planning to auscultate a client’s heart at the point of maximal impulse. In the image provided, where should the nurse place the stethoscope?

What is the name of the anatomical structure indicated by the white arrow?

What vessel is identified by the white outline in this image?

What vessel is indicated by the white outline in this image?

The nurse is caring for a client with endocarditis. The nurse knows this is dangerous for which of the following reasons?

Which heart valve is identified by the white circle in this image?

What is the name of the anatomical structure outlined in white in this image?

The function of the vessel outlined in white in this image is to carry blood in which direction?

The majority of perfusion to the myocardium occurs during which phase of the cardiac cycle?

A student nurse is learning about coronary circulation, and correctly understands which of the following about blood supply to the heart?

The myocardium is perfused by which of the following systems of blood supply?

Coronary circulation refers to which of the following?

A client in the intensive care unit is in stable supraventricular tachycardia and is asymptomatic at 160 beats per minute. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate?

Coronary artery disease directly results in which of the following?

The vessels of coronary circulation most susceptible to blockage are which of the following? Select all that apply.

The student nurse is studying coronary circulation, and knows that which of the following areas of the heart gets blood supply from the left main coronary artery? Select all that apply.

The student nurse correctly understands that the right coronary artery supplies which of the following areas with oxygenated blood? Select all that apply.

Tachycardia affects perfusion of the myocardium in which of the following ways?

A nurse is auscultating heart sounds for a client with a history of pulmonary hypertension. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear due to this disease process?

When reviewing documentation, the nurse notes that the S2 sound was documented as audible. What would this sound indicate?

A nurse is assessing a client’s heart sounds and documents the S1 sound is heard loudest at the apex. What valves are closing at this location?

A nurse is auscultating a client’s heart sounds. The client asks if the nurse can hear their aortic murmur. The nurse places the stethoscope over Erb’s point and listens for which sound?

A nurse is assessing a client’s heart sounds. The nurse charts that the S1 sound is audible. What does this sound indicate?

A nurse has an order to set up an echocardiogram for a client with a history of heart valve disease. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to do before the echocardiogram? Select all that apply.

When listening to a client’s heart sounds during auscultation, which sounds would most likely be heard using the bell of the stethoscope?

A nurse is performing an initial assessment on a client with heart disease. The nurse hears a systolic click, which sounds like a high-pitched sound during the late part of systole. The systolic click heard on auscultation most likely indicates which of the following?

A nurse is assessing a client’s heart sounds and documents hearing the S2 sound. What does this sound indicate?

A nurse is reviewing a client’s history and notes that the client has aortic stenosis. What heart sound would the nurse expect to hear?

The nursing student is discussing cardiac index with the preceptor. The student correctly understands cardiac index as a measure of which of the following?

The nurse is caring for an older adult client with decreased cardiac output related to new-onset atrial fibrillation. In planning care for this client, which of the following activities is appropriate? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client and notes the rhythm pictured on the client’s telemetry monitor. Which of the following actions is a priority?

The student nurse is studying a Wigger’s diagram and notes a diastolic pause. The student correctly understands that which of the following occurs during diastolic pause?

A client is demonstrating signs of low cardiac output, and is bradycardic. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?

The nurse preceptor is charting a physical assessment on a client. The nurse charts hearing “S1, S2” heart sounds and asks the student what this means. Which of the following responses from the student is correct?

The nurse is assessing a client with atrial fibrillation and notes weak, thready pulses, cool extremities, and complaints of fatigue. Which of the following is occurring?

A client with heart failure has an estimated cardiac output of 2.5 L/min. The nurse expects which of the following vital signs to be consistent with this?

During shift report, the incoming nurse is told that a client’s echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction (EF) of 43. The nurse knows that this means which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a client whose echocardiogram revealed a low stroke volume. Nursing interventions should focus on which of the following? Select all that apply.

A nurse is working with a client who has a central catheter in place that is measuring central venous pressure (CVP). When looking at the waveform, the nurse understands that the descending portion of the wave indicates which of the following?

A nurse is measuring systemic vascular resistance for a client with hypovolemic shock. The client has a central catheter and his mean arterial pressure (MAP) is 100 mmHg. His central venous pressure is 0 mmHg and his cardiac output is 8.0 L/min. Calculate this client’s systemic vascular resistance (SVR).

A nurse is assigned to a 6-month-old diagnosed with a large ventricular septal defect and is being treated for signs of heart failure. The nurse knows to expect which of the following orders to help decrease pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance?

A nurse is assisting with the placement of a pulmonary artery (PA) catheter to monitor a client’s hemodynamic status and prevent cardiogenic shock. During placement of the catheter, the physician initially moves the tip of the catheter through the superior vena cava, into the right atrium, and then into the right ventricle while the nurse watches the monitor. While the catheter tip is in the right atrium, the nurse would expect to see systolic pressures of:

The nurse is caring for a client who becomes pale, weak, and diaphoretic. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing shock. What is the first thing this nurse should do?

Diuretics are good medications for the management of hypertension because of which of the following mechanisms?

The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure. This client regularly takes a vasodilator. The nurse understands that this type of drug helps congestive heart failure in what ways? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client with low cardiac afterload. Which of the following medication orders would the nurse question?

Which description best defines preload?

A nurse is working with a 68-year-old client with cardiac dysrhythmias who has cool skin, poor pulses, and mental status changes. Which of the following conditions is this client most likely experiencing?

A client is admitted by the nurse for alcohol detox and drinks a pint of vodka each day. The last drink was 8 am this morning. Which of the following orders should the nurse implement upon admission? Select all that apply.

The nurse is looking at the telemetry monitor and notices a client on the monitor has a flat line. The nurse rushes into the room to check on the client. The first nurse passes another nurse who asks how to help. Which of the following statements by the first nurse is appropriate?

A nurse is assigned 4 clients with various diagnoses and is reviewing their orders. The nurse would expect to put the client with which of the following diagnosis on continuous cardiac monitoring telemetry?

A nurse is getting an EKG on a client when one of the wires breaks open. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A client that has been hospitalized for three days complains of sudden chest pain to the nurse and has no history of heart disease. The nurse knows that which of the following orders should be implemented?

A client is being admitted to the hospital and will be started on telemetry because of his cardiac condition. The client asks the nurse, “What should I do if one of these stickers falls off?” Which response from the nurse is correct?

An 87-year-old client is connected to both telemetry and the continuous pulse oximetry. The pulse oximeter shows no pulse, but the telemetry monitor shows a rhythm. The nurse verifies that the finger probe on the pulse oximeter is reading correctly and it is, but the nurse is not able to palpate a pulse on the client. Which of the following should the nurse do next?

A cardiac client is being discharged home today and will require home heart monitoring. The client’s current vitals are: blood pressure 133/86 heart rate 87 pulse oximeter 98% room air temperature 98.7F respirations 18 The nurse knows to expect which of the following discharge orders?

The nurse is caring for an ambulatory client who has been placed on telemetry. Which information regarding nursing care of a client on telemetry is true? Select all that apply.

The student nurse correctly understands that the right coronary artery supplies which of the following areas with oxygenated blood? Select all that apply.

Deoxygenated blood travels through which chamber of the heart first?

The nurse is caring for an older adult client with decreased cardiac output related to new-onset atrial fibrillation. In planning care for this client, which of the following activities is appropriate? Select all that apply.

A nurse is working on the rapid response team (RRT) of the hospital and is called for a situation in which a patient with acute coronary syndrome is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. The nurse has standing orders for administration of drugs in this situation. Which of the following medications would most likely be administered first after the nurse arrives?

A client has been prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin to use PRN for chest pain. The nurse is teaching the client how to administer the medication. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?

A client who has been experiencing chest pain takes aspirin when he has an attack of angina. Which of the following are contraindications to aspirin use? Select all that apply.

During an initial assessment of a client with coronary artery disease, the nurse wants to assess the client’s dietary intake to determine if diet is contributing to his health condition. Which question would most likely give the nurse an idea of the client’s everyday diet?

A 60-year-old client is seeking care for chest pain and the nurse has an order to place a nitroglycerin patch. Which implications must the nurse consider when administering this medication? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who was brought into the ED complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. Which of the following vital sign measurements most likely indicate that the client is struggling with dyspnea?

The nurse just received reports on the following 4 clients. Which client should the nurse see first? 1) 91-year-old female with abdominal pain rating pain at 8/10 2) 40-year-old male with chest pain 3) 29-year-old male with an anxiety attack 4) 10-year-old female with eye pain

Which of the following interventions will you implement for a patient with angina? Select all that apply.

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by reducing cardiac cell excitability?

The nurse is caring for a client who was just administered an antianginal agent in the form of a nitrate. The nurse knows that this helps angina by which of the following mechanisms?

The nurse is admitting a client who states, “When I was pregnant I would get heartburn so bad, I was eating antacids like crazy. I now feel the same way, except I am not pregnant. The antacids aren’t helping me and now I have this pain between my shoulder blades.” Which part of this statement is most concerning and must be investigated further?

A nurse finished getting report on four clients and now is deciding who is the priority. The client with which of the following should be seen first?

An adult client presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of heartburn. What is the nurse’s immediate priority?

A client has a family history of myocardial infarction and has been experiencing multiple episodes of chest pain. The client is prescribed a medication to prevent heart attacks. Which of the following medications is appropriate for this condition?

The nurse is caring for a client who suffered a myocardial infarction. Which of the following is NOT a complication due to an MI?

A nurse is preparing a client for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Which preop interventions would the nurse use that would help with prevention of bleeding after the surgery? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing angiography to assess the coronary vessels. The nurse has ensured that the client signed the consent and has been NPO for the past 8 hours. Which of the following actions should the nurse do next before the start of the procedure?

A nurse is conducting a pre-op screening on a client preparing for a coronary artery bypass graft procedure. Which substance used by the client can indicate that the client is at higher risk of post-op bleeding?

A client who has suffered a myocardial infarction requires percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The nurse is preparing the client for the procedure. Which information should be given as part of pre-operative teaching for the client?

A client who has just undergone angiography in the cardiac cath lab has returned to the room on the nursing unit. Which actions of the nurse would be appropriate in caring for this client to prevent complications after the procedure? Select all that apply.

A client has undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the management of acute coronary syndrome. Following the procedure, the client develops a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Which of the following nursing interventions is necessary if this occurs?

A nurse is caring for a client who underwent open-heart surgery 12 hours ago. While recovering, the client develops chest pain and becomes very restless. After testing, the provider determines that the client has developed cardiac tamponade. Which describes the most likely treatment for this condition?

A client who has recovered from cardiac surgery is getting ready to go home from the hospital. The nurse is providing discharge care instructions to the client before he leaves. What information would the nurse include as part of discharge instructions? Select all that apply.

Which best describes in-stent restenosis following stent placement?

A client is preparing to undergo a procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into a coronary artery blocked by atherosclerosis to dilate the size of the vessel and improve blood flow. This procedure is best known as:

A nurse is giving education to a group on heart disease. The nurse knows that which of the following is most important to include in education?

The nurse on a post-surgical nursing unit is caring for a client who had a colectomy two days ago and a history of CAD. The vital signs suddenly change. Current vital signs include a BP decreased to 84/48 and a HR increase to 110. The client is short of breath and complains of chest pain. What should be done first?

A 64-year-old client has a history of heart disease and clinical depression. Following his stay at the hospital, the nurse talks with the client about attending cardiac rehabilitation. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

The nurse is discharging a client being treated for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The client smokes occasionally to decrease stress from work and has just been diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which of the following client education topics should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A client with a history of coronary artery disease and diabetes has complaints of chest pain that does not go away when resting. The organization has a chest pain protocol for nurses that starts with obtaining an EKG. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse observes the rhythm pictured on an EKG monitor and knows to implement which of the following first?

The nurse is caring for a client with coronary artery disease. The nurse anticipates which orders to treat the disease? Select all that apply.

A client has been diagnosed with atherosclerosis and suffers intermittent episodes of angina. He has started in a cardiac rehabilitation program and the nurse is helping him develop coping mechanisms that would most likely help him with accepting his situation. Which intervention would the nurse use to help the client develop coping mechanisms in this situation?

A nurse assigned to four clients is receiving report. The nurse knows that the client with which of the following is the most at risk for developing coronary artery disease?

A client on the cardiac unit complains of chest pain to the nurse. The nurse calls a rapid response and the healthcare provider arrives in the room. Vital signs are as follows: Blood pressure 182/98 HR 98 Respirations 23 Temperature 98.9 The nurse orders a STAT EKG per protocol, which shows a widened ST segment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?

The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with shortness of breath and has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following labs indicate that the client is suffering from severe heart failure?

A 70-year-old client with heart failure is being treated in the hospital for complications of the disease. The nurse notes that the client has swelling in the lower extremities and assesses for pitting edema. In which location should the nurse most likely test for pitting edema?

The nurse is caring for a client with worsening congestive heart failure. Which of the following are expected findings in a client with this condition? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. The nurse knows that the client is experiencing right-sided heart failure based on which assessment?

The nurse knows that the client is experiencing left-sided heart failure based on which of the following assessments? Select all that apply.

A client with heart failure is being sent home from the hospital with a new prescription for a diuretic. The nurse is educating the client about medication use at home. The nurse should include instructions to call the healthcare provider if the client develops which of the following conditions?

A client with acute decompensated heart failure has been prescribed intravenous diuretic medications to control fluid and congestion. Which nursing intervention would the nurse need to perform in order to best monitor fluid and electrolyte balance in this client?

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF). While reviewing his medications with the nurse, the client asks for help identifying which medication is for CHF. The nurse knows that which of the following medication is used to treat this condition?

The nurse is caring for a client who is in heart failure and is taking digitalis. The nurse understands that this medication has which of the following effects on the heart?

A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is reviewing home medications with the nurse. The client states, “I take so many medications I don’t know which one I take for my CHF.” The nurse knows that which of the following medication is used to treat CHF?

The client admitted with COPD and history of congestive heart failure (CHF) complains of shortness of breath. Crackles are heard in the lungs. Blood pressure is154/74, HR 67, Respirations 24, Temperature 99.1F, Pulse oximeter 86% on room air. Which of the following orders is NOT a priority at this time?

A client is admitted with congestive heart failure (CHF) exacerbation. The nurse notes that the client takes metformin and furosemide at home. Which of the following findings indicate the presence of a side effect associated with concurrent use of these two medications?

The nurse is caring for a client with a cardiac diet ordered. This client should choose foods that are low in which of the following? Select all that apply.

A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client who is in the hospital with heart failure. Which of the following should the nurse consider when administering this medication?

A client with heart failure is being treated for exacerbation of symptoms. The physician has ordered a dose of milrinone to be given IV. Which best describes a property of this type of medication?

Which of the following signs and symptoms should the nurse be concerned about in the client that has a pacemaker? Select all that apply.

The provider diagnoses a client with sick sinus syndrome. The client asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse knows that a client with which of the following may qualify for pacemaker implantation?

A client recently had a pacemaker implanted and the nurse assistant notifies the nurse that the client called out complaining of dizziness. Which of the following is the first step that the nurse should take?

The nurse knows that clients with which of the following may get their pacemaker deactivated? Select all that apply.

A client has a new order for an MRI of the abdomen and the nurse knows to notify radiology about which of the following to ensure client safety?

A client is undergoing cardiac stress testing at a rehabilitation center. During the test, the nurse notes that the client becomes short of breath with a blood pressure drop from 130/80 mmHg to 98/58 mmHg. Which action of the nurse is most appropriate?

During an intake assessment for a new client in the primary care clinic, the nurse notes that the client’s blood pressure is 162/98 mmHg. Which actions should the nurse take in response to this blood pressure? Select all that apply.

A client with hypertension asks the nurse about what non-prescription medications to take for seasonal allergies. Which response from the nurse is correct?

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of a headache and blurred vision. Upon obtaining vital signs and reviewing medications, the nurse notes the client takes a daily blood pressure medication but is currently hypertensive. Which medication should the nurse confirm the client took today?

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking enalapril (Vasotec) 10 mg per day for high blood pressure. She notes that the physician has changed the dose to 40 mg per day. Which response of the nurse is most appropriate?

At a clinic visit, a nurse is checking a client’s vital signs. The client’s blood pressure is 141/92 mmHg. Which of the following statements from the nurse is correct?

The nurse is caring for a client who has tachycardia and is hypertensive. The provider has prescibed metoprolol. The nurse knows that this drug works in which of the following ways?

The provider orders an antihypertensive medication for a client whose blood pressure is 205/110 mm Hg. The nurse reviews the medication administration record and sees an order for which of the following blood pressure medications?

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by decreasing the volume of blood in the body?

The floor nurse is receiving report from an ED nurse on a client being admitted for cellulitis of the right leg. The client also is experiencing hypertension. Which question is a priority for the floor nurse to ask the ED nurse?

A nurse is caring for a 49-year-old client who is recovering from valve replacement surgery. Three days after the surgery, the nurse suspects that the client has developed infective endocarditis. Which of the following signs or symptoms would indicate that this condition has developed in the client?

Which heart valve is identified by the white circle in this image?

A nurse is reviewing a client’s history and notes that the client has aortic stenosis. What heart sound would the nurse expect to hear?

A nurse is assessing for murmurs in a client with aortic stenosis. At which location is the nurse most likely to hear a murmur in this client?

The nurse is admitting a client to the unit with a history of mechanical heart valve, hemodialysis with a left arm fistula, benign prostatic hypertrophy, diabetic neuropathy in bilateral lower extremities, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. A nursing assistant is available to obtain the client’s vital signs. What is the most important item to pass on to the nursing assistant regarding this task?

The nurse is planning to auscultate a client’s heart at the point of maximal impulse. In the image provided, where should the nurse place the stethoscope?

A client with an injury to his chest has developed cardiac tamponade. The client’s blood pressure has dropped from 110/70 mmHg to 78/56 mmHg. The provider is preparing to perform a pericardiocentesis to remove the excess fluid around the client’s heart. Which action best describes the role of the nurse in assisting with this procedure?

A client with a pericardial tamponade is being cared for in the hospital. The nurse is reviewing orders and knows that which if the following is an acceptable treatment for a pericardial tamponade?

The nurse is caring for an adult client who presents to the emergency department with a report of difficulty breathing and the feeling of an elephant sitting on the chest. Which interventions are an emergent priority? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a 49-year-old client who is recovering from valve replacement surgery. Three days after the surgery, the nurse suspects that the client has developed infective endocarditis. Which of the following signs or symptoms would indicate that this condition has developed in the client?

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of Mediterranean fever. What is the concern for this client?

A nurse is on the cardiac floor and is describing to a new nurse which signs and symptoms to be looking for to recognize cardiac tamponade. Which signs and symptoms are a part of Beck’s triad?

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of endocarditis who reports difficulty breathing and the feeling of an elephant is sitting on the chest. What is the nurse’s first priority?

A 69-year-old client has been diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. The nurse gives the client a nursing diagnosis of powerlessness because the client has said that she feels sad and angry about what she will miss out on with her diagnosis. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this nursing diagnosis?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a ventricular assist device?

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF). While reviewing his medications with the nurse, the client asks for help identifying which medication is for CHF. The nurse knows that which of the following medication is used to treat this condition?

A client with heart failure receives an echocardiogram that shows the heart muscle has been damaged and grown very thick due to high blood pressure. What is the most appropriate term for this condition?

The nurse is working with a client who takes a beta blocker. The nurse understands that beta blockers work on the heart by doing which of the following?

The provider has ordered compression stockings to be applied to the legs of a client with peripheral vascular disease. When is it appropriate to apply the stockings? Select all that apply.

The client with a femoral popliteal bypass graft is assigned to a semiprivate room. A roommate with which of the following conditions would be best to cohort with this post-operative client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with Raynaud’s disease. The client asks what medications they need to take to help manage their condition. Which medications should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

A client with a history of heart disease and obesity is being seen in the primary care clinic. The nurse notes that the client has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to his cardiac disease. Upon assessment of the client’s lower extremities, the nurse notes a brownish discoloration of the skin. This sign is most likely associated with which of the following conditions?

A client with peripheral artery disease is suffering from ineffective tissue perfusion. Which of the following would be appropriate outcomes for this nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone femoral-popliteal bypass graft surgery. Which location would be the most appropriate for the nurse to assess the status of blood flow through this graft?

A home care nurse is working with a diabetic client with poor tissue perfusion. Based on the nurse’s knowledge of this condition, which of the following effects would the nurse most likely see in the client’s extremities?

A client in the primary care clinic has poor peripheral perfusion due to peripheral arterial disease. The nurse is talking with the client about the effects of health on tissue perfusion. Which of the following would be a modifiable risk factor in the prevention of decreased tissue perfusion? Select all that apply.

A client is being seen in the emergency department for abdominal pain. Based on the client’s history, the nurse believes the client may have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which method of physical assessment should the nurse employ in this situation?

A client with a history of hypertension and heart disease has developed intense chest pain. The provider suspects that the client is experiencing an aortic dissection. What tests would the nurse prepare for that most likely diagnose this condition? Select all that apply.

All of the nurse’s clients have chest pain and the following additional symptoms. Which of the following is the most concerning and should be the priority?

A nurse is caring for a client following cardiac surgery when the client develops severe acute chest pain, described as a feeling of tearing across the chest. The client’s vital signs are HR: 102, BP: 145/92, RR: 18, and O2: 95%. Which of the following actions is most appropriate in this situation?

A client with a known history of aortic aneurysm is complaining of sudden pain in the back and shoulders. The nurse notes a pulsating mass in the abdomen. What is the next step the nurse should take?

A client has been diagnosed with a moderate aortic dissection and is scheduled for the operating room in 1 hour. The nurse knows that which of the following medications might be expected for the healthcare provider to order to be given now?

A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following signs or symptoms indicates that the aneurysm has dissected?

A nurse is assessing the abdomen of a client who may have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When assessing for abdominal pulsations, which technique should the nurse use?

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed as having an aortic aneurysm. The aneurysm has been described as being uniform in appearance and symmetrical along the vessel wall. This type of aneurysm is best described as:

A nurse is teaching a 67-year-old client with a blood clot who has developed edema in the lower legs and feet. Which intervention should the nurse direct the client to perform to control fluid and promote tissue perfusion?

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following client conditions would warrant a prescription for this medication? Select all that apply.

A client is recovering from a heart transplant surgery and is at risk of blood clots because of immobility status. Which of the following interventions is a priority for the nurse in this scenario?

A cardiac client is at high risk of developing a DVT during the post-op period following heart surgery. The factors that increase a client’s risk of developing a DVT, known as Virchow’s triad, include venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and which of the following?

A nurse is preparing to apply thigh-high anti-embolism stockings to a client with a history of DVT. The nurse notes that one of the client’s legs has a larger circumference than the other. No other signs or symptoms are noted on the larger leg. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A nurse is performing a postpartum assessment on a client who delivered a baby 8 hours ago. The nurse assesses the client’s legs by checking the Homan’s sign and the client complains of pain. Which condition can a positive Homan’s sign indicate?

The nurse elicits a positive Homan’s sign. The nurse knows this is a sign of which of the following?

A nurse is teaching a client who has trouble with mobility about how best to decrease the risk of a blood clot. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is correct?

Which of the following medications would be administered to a patient with myocarditis? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a patient with suspected myocarditis with an elevated c-reactive protein level. The patient asks what the test indicates. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

Which of the following concepts is most associated with myocarditis?

Inflammation of the middle and most muscular layer of the heart is known as:

The nurse is triaging a client in the Emergency Department. The nurse knows that which immediate symptoms are consistent with myocarditis? Select all that apply.

A client presents to the ER bleeding profusely from a gunshot wound. The client is in hypovolemic shock and needs a rapid transfusion. What does the nurse anticipate to replace blood volume after starting the IV?

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the client is in hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a 35-year-old client who has been diagnosed with hypovolemic shock as a result of severe hemorrhage. In which position should the nurse place this client to promote optimal circulation?

The ER tech informs the nurse of four clients in the waiting room. The nurse should see which of the following clients first?

A client presents to the emergency department who was moving a mirror that fell on the client and shattered. The client has a large laceration down the right arm. What is the priority concern for this client?

The nurse arrives for a shift and receives report on the following clients. The nurse knows to monitor which of these clients for hypovolemic shock?

A client who has been injured in a construction accident is bleeding profusely from a femoral artery laceration. The nurse estimates that the client has lost 700 mL of blood. The client has the following vital signs: HR 98 bpm, BP 100/70 mmHg, RR 20/min. In which class of hypovolemic shock would this client be classified?

A nurse is caring for a client who is suffering from an acute hemorrhage after a traumatic injury. The nurse has secured the client’s airway, breathing, and circulation and has started a large-bore IV. Which of the following solutions should the nurse administer first?

The nurse is working a shift on the medical surgical floor. The nurse knows that which of the following clients is at the highest risk for hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.

Which of the following fluids would be considered a type of crystalloid solution?

Which of the following are assessment findings in a client experiencing shock? Select all that apply.

In which situation would the administration of a loop diuretic like furosemide (Lasix) be most appropriate?

A nurse is performing an initial exam on a client who presents with acute coronary syndrome. The client is in cardiogenic shock and the provider has placed a central line. During the physical assessment, which sign or symptom would the nurse most likely expect to see?

Which of the following conditions put a client at risk for cardiogenic shock? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for acute myocardial infarction. The nurse knows that some clients with acute MI go on to develop cardiogenic shock, which can be fatal. Based on the nurse’s understanding of this condition, the nurse knows to look for which of the following signs of cardiogenic shock?

Cardiogenic shock usually occurs from which of the following conditions?

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate that the client is in cardiogenic shock? Select all that apply.

An older adult client has decreased tissue perfusion related to heart disease. The nurse tries to promote venous return by elevating the lower extremities on a pillow. What best describes the rationale for this action?

A nurse is caring for a client who suddenly goes into cardiac arrest. The nurse knows which of the following is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest? Select all that apply.

A client with a pulmonary embolism is experiencing increased right ventricular afterload. Which of the following is a priority concern of the nurse?

A client 2 days post-operative has developed septic shock. Which assessment findings would confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

A client is suffering from distributive shock, which is shock arising from inadequate vascular tone. Which of the following is a potential cause of distributive shock?

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the client is in septic shock?

The nurse is caring for a client whose lab work and vital signs have confirmed sepsis. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate to be ordered? Select all that apply.

A client presents to the emergency department in anaphylactic shock. Which medication should the nurse prepare for the client?

A nurse is teaching a client about self care at home after the client has experienced an anaphylactic reaction to shellfish. If the client is ever exposed to shellfish again, the nurse should counsel the client to do which of the following as an initial intervention?

The nurse would expect to see which of the following vital signs in a client experiencing distributive shock?

The priority nursing intervention for septic shock is which of the following?

Which best describes the difference between septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?

A child is brought to the hospital for care after falling down some stairs and is in a state of neurogenic shock. The nurse performs an initial assessment on the client. Which of the following is the best indicator that the client has gone into decompensated shock?